• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Cylinder liner (1) for an internal combustion engine, with a collar (2), the cylinder liner (1) on its lateral surface (3) from the collar (2) axially spaced, with at least one axial opening (4) provided above Strömungsleiteinrichtung (5) having.
    公开号:AT517601A4
    申请号:T430/2015
    申请日:2015-07-03
    公开日:2017-03-15
    发明作者:Becker Florian；Szafranski Tomasz；Korotko Jakub；Kaniecki Radoslaw
    申请人:Ge Jenbacher Gmbh & Co Og；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to a cylinder liner for an internal combustion engine with the features of the preamble of claim 1 and an arrangement of a cylinder liner and a crankcase.
    A cylinder liner is an insert in a crankcase of a reciprocating engine that forms the tread for a piston of the reciprocating engine.Cylinder liners are often used because the material of which the crankcase is made does not meet the tribological requirements It is expedient to arrange a cylinder liner in a cylinder bore in the crankcase There are various ways to install a cylinder liner in the crankcase larger internal combustion engines, for example. Stationary internal combustion engines for power generation, cylinder liners are releasably inserted into a cylinder bore in the crankcase.
    With regard to the type of cooling, a distinction is made between "wet" and "dry" cylinder liners. Wet cylinder liners are surrounded by a coolant of the internal combustion engine directly. For this purpose, a gap space between the outer jacket of the cylinder liner and the wall of the bore, in which the cylinder liner is used, is provided. A wet cylinder liner is therefore used with a gasket.
    Dry cylinder liners, which generally have a smaller wall thickness than wet cylinder liners, are usually shrunk into a cylinder bore of the crankcase. The heat dissipation from the cylinder formed by the cylinder liner takes place in this case via heat conduction into the crankcase.
    In wet cylinder liners, there are various possibilities of installation in the receptacle in the crankcase: so-called hanging cylinder liners are inserted into a collar forming the upper edge of the cylinder liner in the crankcase. So-called mid-stop liners have a shoulder on their outer circumference in the middle of their longitudinal extent, in which they are mounted in a corresponding receptacle of the bore of the crankcase. Such a construction is known, for example, from US 4,244,330. In bottom-stop cylinder liners, the cylinder liner is mounted on its lower side, ie, on the cylinder head, such a construction is known from US 4,385,595, Finally, cylinder liners are known which have a collar on their The upper end, that is to say the end facing the cylinder head, is fixed in the vertical direction in the cylinder housing of the internal combustion engine Such a construction is known, for example, from DE 1 957 811.
    In operation, cylinder liners are exposed to high thermal and mechanical loads.
    The object of the invention is to provide a cylinder liner or an arrangement of a cylinder liner and a crankcase with improved cooling.
    These objects are achieved by a cylinder liner according to claim 1 and an arrangement of a cylinder liner and a crankcase according to claim 10. Advantageous embodiments are specified in the dependent claims.
    By the cylinder liner having at its periphery an axially spaced from the collar, provided with at least one axial opening above Strömungsleiteinrichtung, the cooling of the cylinder liner is substantially improved. By axial aperture is meant that the nozzle has an interruption allowing flow of the nozzle in a direction of a generatrix (i.e., parallel to the longitudinal axis) of the cylinder liner.
    It is preferably provided that the above flow guide extends in a circumferential direction of the lateral surface of the cylinder liner.
    The above flow guiding device can be designed, for example, as a circumferential web on the cylinder liner.
    The flow guide preferably runs completely in the circumferential direction. It would also be conceivable to design the flow guiding device similar to an obliquely placed on the jacket of the cylinder liner ring. However, this is manufacturing technology very expensive.
    Preferably, the StrömungsleiteinricKtung is formed as' Steg an'der lateral surface of the cylinder liner in such a way that the web extends annularly circumferentially from the lateral surface of the cylinder liner.
    The above flow guiding device can be designed as a sleeve or ring subsequently applied to the cylinder liner. As a material for metal or plastic is considered.
    Preferably, however, it is provided that the above flow guide is an integral part of the cylinder liner. Thus, the flow guide can be made via a rotation operation.
    Alternatively, the above Strömungsleiteinrichtung be formed as part of the crankcase. In this case, the flow guide protrudes in the form of a web or the like of a wall of the cylinder bore in the direction of the lateral surface of the cylinder liner.
    It is preferably provided that in the presence of exactly one axial opening, this amounts to a maximum of 25% of the circumference of the above flow guiding device.
    In other words, the opening (in the presence of the flow guide in the circumferential direction) extends over a maximum of 90 °.
    The number of openings depends on the circumstances in the installation of the cylinder liner in a crankcase. In particular, the shape and number of opening into a gap between the cylinder liner and crankcase cooling channels is taken into account.
    It is envisaged that in the presence of two openings each amount to a maximum of 20% of the circumference of the above flow guide.
    In the presence of three openings is provided that each amount to a maximum of 18% of the circumference of the above flow guide.
    It is provided that in the presence of four openings each amount to a maximum of 15% of the circumference of the above flow guide.
    It is preferably provided that the sum of all axial openings is at most 25%, preferably at most 10%, of the circumference of the above flow-guiding device.
    It may be provided that the above Strömungsleiteinrichtung, based on the longitudinal extent of the cylinder liner in the middle of the cylinder liner, preferably in the collar facing upper third of the cylinder liner is arranged. This ensures that the influencing of the flow of a cooling medium through the flow guiding device is maintained to a high degree when the flow strikes thermally higher loaded zones - and these are usually at the height of the collar of a cylinder liner.
    It is preferably provided that the cylinder liner is designed as a hanging, wet cylinder liner.
    The invention is particularly suitable for use on this design principle.
    Protection is also sought for an arrangement of a cylinder liner and a crankcase.
    It is preferably provided that the arrangement additionally comprises a cylinder head. It can preferably be provided that the cylinder liner is mounted on its collar in the crankcase. Furthermore, it can be provided that between at least part of the lateral surface of the cylinder liner and a wall of a receptacle of the cylinder liner in the crankcase is formed by a through-flow of a cooling medium cavity.
    It is preferably provided that the cylinder liner is arranged in a cylinder bore to form a cavity between a lateral surface of the cylinder liner and a wall of the cylinder bore, wherein at least one inflow and at least one outflow for a cooling medium are arranged at axially opposite ends of the cylinder bore, wherein in the Cavity axially between the at least one inflow and the at least one outflow a Strömungsleiteinrichtung is provided.
    Thus, the installation position of a cylinder liner is outlined in a cylinder bore. The cooling of the cylinder liner is performed by flow around a cooling medium, which flows in and out of opposite ends of the cylinder bore.
    It is preferably provided that the number of axial openings in the flow guide corresponds to the number of outflow channels. In practice, therefore, the openings and the number of outflow channels are matched.
    It can be provided that the flow-guiding device is arranged on the wall of the cylinder bore. As already mentioned above, the above Strömungsleiteinrichtung can be formed as part of the crankcase. In this case, the flow guide protrudes in the form of a web or the like of a wall of the cylinder bore in the direction of the lateral surface of the cylinder liner. This variant is more expensive to produce than the flow guide on the cylinder liner.
    If the arrangement comprises a cylinder head, it is preferably provided that the cylinder liner is aligned in the crankcase such that at least one axial opening of the above flow guidance device corresponds with respect to its angular position to the position of at least one outlet valve arranged in the cylinder head. The range of the exhaust valve (s) (when multiple exhaust valves per cylinder are provided) is thermally highly stressed.
    The preferred arrangement ensures that in those areas increased cooling takes place. For this purpose, a correct position installation of the cylinder liner with respect to their angular position is required.
    It is preferably provided that the crankcase has at least one supply channel and at least one discharge channel for guiding a cooling medium, which open into a formed between a wall of a receptacle of the cylinder liner in the crankcase and at least a portion of the lateral surface of the cylinder liner cavity.
    It is preferably provided that the cylinder liner is aligned in the crankcase so that the at least one axial opening of the above flow guide corresponds with respect to its angular position with a supply channel. For this purpose, a correct position installation of the cylinder liner with respect to their angular position is required.
    It is preferably provided that there is a gap between the above flow guide and the wall of the receptacle of the cylinder liner in the crankcase.
    By far here is meant that the flow guide is made in the radial direction with respect to the wall of the receptacle of the cylinder liner in the crankcase with play. The guide does not serve as a mechanical guide or support the cylinder liner in the crankcase, but is designed as a flow guide.
    The distance may, for example, be measured as a clearance of 0.5 mm.
    Even with favorable for installation distance of the flow guide from the wall of the receptacle of the cylinder liner in the crankcase ensures that most of the flow of the cooling medium through the opening or the openings in the flow is carried out.
    By the invention so-called stagnation zones are avoided in the surrounding the cylinder liner water jacket. In stagnation zones, the flow velocity of a cooling medium is low, which causes only poor heat transfer between the cooling medium and the components adjacent to the stagnation zone.
    By the invention, it is possible to direct the cooling medium targeted to the thermally most highly stressed zones around the cylinder liner.
    The invention is explained in more detail below by the figures. Showing:
    1 shows a cylinder liner in a first embodiment,
    2 shows the cylinder liner of FIG. 1 in an elevation, a plan view and in a cross section
    3 shows an arrangement of a cylinder liner and a crankcase,
    4 is a plan view of a crankcase,
    Fig. 5 is a cylinder liner and a crankcase in a further embodiment
    Fig. 6 is a schematic representation of a cylinder liner in a further embodiment
    Fig. 7a is a plan view of a crankcase
    Fig. 7b is a diagram of temperatures at a cylinder liner in the federal area
    FIG. 1 shows a cylinder liner 1 according to the invention in a first exemplary embodiment.
    The cylinder liner 1 has on the lateral surface 3, a protruding Strömungsleiteinrichtung 5 in the form of a circumferential ridge. The above Strömungsleiteinrichtung 5 shows an opening 4 in the form of an interruption of the flow guide 5 forming web. The opening 4 is shown again on the right side of Figure 1 as an enlarged detail. In the illustration, only one, the viewer facing the opening 4 can be seen. The cylinder liner 1 may of course have a plurality of openings 4, in the present embodiment, there are two openings. 4
    In the region of the opening 4, the flow guide 5 is removed in this embodiment to the lateral surface 3 of the cylinder liner 1. Of course, it is also conceivable to design the opening so that parts of the flow-guiding device 5 still protrude from the lateral surface 3. It is also conceivable to design the opening (s) as bores or openings in the flow-guiding device 5.
    The cylinder liner 1 has a collar 2, via which the cylinder liner 1 when inserted into a cylinder bore of a crankcase of an internal combustion engine (not shown here) can be stored.
    Although known from the illustrative geometry, the one envelope line ML and one circumferential direction UR are shown in FIG.
    FIG. 2 shows the cylinder liner 1 of FIG. 1 in an elevation, a plan view and in a cross section.
    The sectional view A-A shown in the plan view is laid so that the section on the left side passes through the above flow guide 5 and right through an opening 4. Since the section A-A takes place along a diameter of the cylinder liner 1, it can also be seen that the openings 4 are not arranged exactly opposite to the circumference in this embodiment.
    The right-hand half of Figure 2 shows the cross-section of the cylinder liner 1 resulting from section A-A. The flow-directing device 5 is again highlighted as a detail.
    Figure 3 shows the arrangement of a cylinder liner 1 according to the invention in a crankcase 6. The cylinder liner 1 is inserted into a receptacle (the cylinder bore 8) in the crankcase 6 and rests with its collar 2 on a correspondingly shaped shoulder in the crankcase 6.
    Between the lateral surface 3 of the cylinder liner 1 and a wall 12 of the cylinder bore 8 in the crankcase 6, a through-flow of a cooling medium M cavity 9 is formed.
    In this designated as water jacket cavity 9, a cooling medium M preferably flows so that the flow direction from below (ie, the side facing away from the cylinder head 7) upwards (ie, the cylinder head 7 side facing) takes place.
    In detail C is shown how the flow guide 5 touches the wall 12 of the cylinder bore 8 in the crankcase at one point of its circumference. At this point, therefore, prevents the Strömungsleiteinrichtung 5 a flow of cooling medium M in the cavity 9 from a supply channel 10 in the direction of a discharge channel 11. Rather, the flow is directed so that most of the flow through the opening (s) 4 occurs.
    Even at a favorable distance for installation of the flow guide 5 of the wall 12 of the cylinder bore 8 of the cylinder liner 1 in the crankcase 6 ensures that most of the flow of the cooling medium M through the opening 4 and the openings 4 takes place in the Strömungsleiteinrichtung 5.
    Shown by block arrows is the flow direction of the cooling medium M, that is, inflowing in the supply channel 10 and outflowing from the discharge channel eleventh
    FIG. 4 shows a crankcase 6 in a plan view. The cutting guide is placed so that the openings 4 can be seen.
    Figure 5 shows an embodiment in which the flow guide 5 is formed as part of the crankcase 6, as highlighted in detail E. The cylinder liner 1 therefore has no flow-conducting device 5 in this example.
    FIG. 6 shows a simplified perspective view of a cylinder liner 1 with a protruding flow-conducting device 5 and an opening 4.
    To illustrate the effect of the invention, flow lines of the cooling medium M are entered, as they result in the installed state of the cylinder liner 1 in a not shown crankcase 6 between the wall of the cylinder bore 8 and the cylinder liner. It is clearly expressed that the flow of the cooling medium M can be effectively controlled via the flow guide 5 together with openings 4.
    FIG. 7 a shows a section or a top view of an arrangement of cylinder liner 1, crankcase 6, cylinder head 7 and exhaust valves 13.
    A cutting plane is selected at the upper edge of collar 2 normal to the longitudinal axis of the cylinder liner 1. Further cuts are selected such that the openings 4 can be seen in the flow-guiding device, see also FIG. 4.
    In addition to that explained with reference to FIG 4em two exhaust valves 13 are additionally entered here. The representation is not a cut in the technical sense but a simplified representation to illustrate the circumstances.
    FIG. 7b shows, by way of illustration, temperature profiles along the collar 2 in comparison between prior art and the invention.
    The temperature is plotted over the angle, with 360 ° corresponding to the full circle. The starting point of the imaginary measurement at 0 ° is shown in FIG. 7a. The abscissa in FIG. 7b is therefore the development of an imaginary measurement line in the region of the collar 2.
    Looking now at the temperature profile in an arrangement of a cylinder liner and a crankcase according to the prior art, the result is the solid, referred to as "prior art" curve. It can be seen that in the area of the outlet valves 13 (approximately at 180 ° and 270 °) the temperature has clear peaks.
    In the region of the outflow channel 11, the temperature is lowest.
    Looking at the temperature profile when using the invention, the dashed, referred to as "invention" curve results. It can be seen that the invention results in a substantially more uniform temperature distribution over a circumference of the collar 2.
    The given numerical values for the temperature are illustrative and may differ significantly from engine model to engine model.
    List of reference numbers used: 1 cylinder liner 2 collar 3 lateral surface of cylinder liner 4 opening 5 protruding flow guide 6 crankcase 7 cylinder head 8 cylinder bore 9 cavity 10 inlet channel 11 outflow channel 12 wall of the cylinder bore 8 13 outlet valve M cooling medium UR circumferential direction ML generatrix
    Innsbruck, July 1, 2015
    权利要求:
    Claims (16)
    [1]
    claims
    1. Cylinder liner (1) for an internal combustion engine, with a collar (2), characterized in that the cylinder liner (1) on its lateral surface (3) from the collar (2) axially spaced, provided with at least one axial opening (4) has the above flow guide (5).
    [2]
    Second cylinder liner (1) according to claim 1, wherein the above Strömungsleiteinrichtung (5) in a circumferential direction of the lateral surface (3) of the cylinder liner (1).
    [3]
    3. cylinder liner (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in the presence of exactly one axial opening (4) this is a maximum of 25% of the circumference of the above flow guide (5).
    [4]
    4. Cylinder liner (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in the presence of two openings (4) each amount to a maximum of 20% of the circumference of the above flow guide (5).
    [5]
    5. Cylinder liner (1) according to at least one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that in the presence of three openings (4) each amount to a maximum of 18% of the circumference of the above flow guide (5).
    [6]
    6. Cylinder liner (1) according to at least one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that in the presence of four openings (4) each amount to a maximum of 15% of the circumference of the above flow guide (5).
    [7]
    7. cylinder liner (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the sum of all axial openings (4) is at most 25%, preferably at most 10% of the circumference of the above flow guide (5)
    [8]
    8. Cylinder liner (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the above Strömungsleiteinrichtung (5), based on the longitudinal extent of the cylinder liner (1) in the middle of the cylinder liner (I), preferably in the collar (2) facing the upper third the cylinder liner (1) is arranged.
    [9]
    9. Cylinder liner (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the cylinder liner (1) is designed as a hanging wet cylinder liner (1).
    [10]
    10. Arrangement of a cylinder liner (1) in particular according to at least one of claims 1 to 9 and a crankcase (6) wherein the cylinder liner (1) in a cylinder bore (8) to form a cavity (9) between a lateral surface of the cylinder liner (1 ) and a wall of the cylinder bore (8) is arranged, wherein at axially opposite ends of the cylinder bore (8) at least one inflow channel (10) and at least one outflow channel (11) for a cooling medium (M) are arranged, characterized in that in Cavity (9) axially between the at least one inflow channel (10) and the at least one outflow channel (II) is provided a flow-guiding device (5).
    [11]
    11 .Anordnung according to claim 10, wherein the flow-guiding device (5) on the wall of the cylinder bore (8) is arranged.
    [12]
    12. Arrangement according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the number of axial openings (4) in the flow-guiding device (5) corresponds to the number of outflow channels (11).
    [13]
    13. Arrangement according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the arrangement additionally comprises a cylinder head (7).
    [14]
    14. Arrangement according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the cylinder liner (1) via its collar (2) in the crankcase (6) is mounted.
    [15]
    15. Arrangement according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the cylinder liner (1) is aligned in the crankcase (6) that at least one axial opening (4) of the above Strömungsleiteinrichtung (5) in terms of their angular position with the position of at least one in the cylinder head ( 7) arranged outlet valve (13) corresponds.
    [16]
    16. Arrangement according to claim 15, wherein the cylinder liner (1) in the crankcase (6) is aligned, that the at least one axial opening (4) of the above Strömungsleiteinrichtung (5) with respect to their angular position with a supply channel (10) corresponds. Innsbruck, July 1, 2015
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA430/2015A|AT517601B1|2015-07-03|2015-07-03|Cylinder liner for an internal combustion engine|ATA430/2015A| AT517601B1|2015-07-03|2015-07-03|Cylinder liner for an internal combustion engine|
    PCT/AT2016/050237| WO2017004643A1|2015-07-03|2016-06-30|Cylinder liner for an internal combustion engine|
    EP16740948.1A| EP3317565A1|2015-07-03|2016-06-30|Cylinder liner for an internal combustion engine|
    US15/737,446| US10697393B2|2015-07-03|2016-06-30|Cylinder liner for an internal combustion engine|
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