• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to industrially prefabricated elements (1) for building structures, which consist of a frame (2) of sheet metal profiles (3) and a planking (4) made of a wood material, wherein the C-shaped profiles (3) with their long webs (5) form the end faces of the frame (2) or of the element (1). These elements (1) have a very good ratio of low weight and high load-bearing capacity and can therefore be hand-carried and assembled by two construction workers despite a prefabricated size. The elements (1) are standardized and can be prefabricated industrially, with a high degree of automation and thus a very good price can be achieved by the simple structure, which is lower than that of the known Holzriegelfertigteile.
    公开号:AT517545A1
    申请号:T505/2015
    申请日:2015-07-29
    公开日:2017-02-15
    发明作者:Karl Msc Nickel Fritz
    申请人:Karl Msc Nickel Fritz；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to industrially prefabricated components for building structures, which consist of a frame made of sheet metal profiles and a planking of a wood material.
    State of the art:
    Prefabricated buildings are widely known. There are also buildings made of prefabricated elements such as e.g. from WO 2013 017 900 A1, DE 10 2008 048 800 A1, DE 198 32 410 A1, or DE 101 29 984 A1 are known. All these known solutions have the disadvantage that the prefabricated elements are so large and / or so heavy that large cranes are necessary for their assembly and for your transport special trucks. In part, the prefabricated elements have the size of an entire outer wall, or half an outer wall. Thus, these known solutions have the disadvantage that both the transport, as well as the assembly of the prefabricated elements is expensive and cumbersome and that own performance in construction is impossible because of the need for a crane for installation. In addition, these parts are usually prefabricated specifically for a particular planned building, so that the cost advantage of large quantities can not be realized.
    Also known from the prior art are small standardized (or modular) prefabricated elements, e.g. from EP 744 507 A1 or DE 102 55 717 A1. Although these elements are so light that they can be moved and assembled by construction workers by hand and also in self-performance, e.g. can be transported to the construction site with a flatbed truck. However, these elements are so small that building a wall takes a very long time and also requires many complicated steps, moreover, these elements are complicated and expensive, so that there are no advantages to a modern brick wall, neither in cost nor in the Construction time, as modern hollow bricks are already up to 50cm long and up to 24 cm high.
    The so-called lightweight steel construction is also known from the prior art, where when building first a frame construction made of sheet steel profiles is created and then the finished steel skeleton is usually planked on both sides. Such a construction is e.g. in the Internet publication http://www.stahl-online.de/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/ D560 houses in Stahlleichtbauweisel.pdf, although there are also considerations for prefabrication, see the corresponding chapter, pages 20- 22 of the article.
    Object of the invention:
    The invention has set itself the task of specifying prefabricated components which are so large and so easy to connect that the creation of a wall is possible as fast as a prefabricated, but the individual elements are so light and handy that they from
    Hand by two construction workers can be carried and mounted, including in-house performance, the elements should be cheaper than the known Holzriegelfertigteile. Solution of the task:
    The object of the invention is solved by the features of claims 1 and 2. The novel combination of a frame made of sheet metal profiles with a light planking of a wood material a previously unrealizable ratio of low weight and high load capacity is achieved. This makes it possible to produce prefabricated elements that are so light and handy that they can be carried and assembled by hand by two construction workers, are cheaper than known wood bolt parts and are so large and easy and fast to connect, that is one Wall or an entire building can be created in a short time, similar to prefabricated construction.
    The sheet metal profiles, or the frame made from them are longer lasting, so value stable than wooden bars, lighter, reusable or even recyclable. So it uses less timber, whose prices are rising more and more.
    The components of the invention according to claims 9 and 11 are standardized, or modular, ie as fixed blocks and not specifically tailored to the particular planned building as in the current state of the art. As a result, the cost advantage of large quantities can be realized, including the cost advantage of a largely automated production. Also, the cost advantage of manufacturing in a low-wage country can be realized because the contact between construction site and production is eliminated.
    A planking of OSB boards, plywood, or a wood composite according to claim 3 is lighter and stiffer, in particular warp resistant, than a planking e.g. made of corrugated iron or even flat sheet metal, as known from the prior art, which is essential for the elements according to the invention. Because according to the object of the invention, the best possible ratio of low weight and carrying capacity is to be achieved, so that the elements can be as large as possible with a weight which allows assembly and transport by hand, so that setup times can be achieved as in prefabrication.
    To optimize the carrying capacity with low weight can still be provided a professional stiffening of the steel frame according to claim 6, which is especially important for superimposing. According to the features of claims 7 and 8 different connection possibilities of the individual elements can be applied during assembly. Depending on the equipment of the construction workers on the construction site and requirements on the strength of the connections of the individual elements and requirements for the speed of installation, tapping screws, nails or rivets, as they are known from the lightweight steel construction itself can be applied. All screws suitable for joining sheets of this wall thickness, such as e.g. self drilling screws, "sheet drivers", etc.
    Wedge or eccentric closures are also possible for connecting two elements, ie similar to those closures for quickly connecting the walls of prefabricated pieces of furniture. Such compounds lend themselves to both sides planked elements.
    By the features of claim 10, the centering, a quick joining of the elements is achieved in the connection, which further increases the speed of construction. Such centering devices may e.g. be produced by impressions in the sheet metal profiles.
    According to claim 15, the C-profiles or U-profiles can be made of galvanized sheet steel, corrosion-protected sheet steel, aluminum sheet or stainless steel sheets, depending on the requirements of corrosion resistance, price and weight-to-load ratio.
    The features of claim 16, the production of simplified elements of the invention on a model scale, there is the great advantage that for planning purposes and presentation purposes with little effort a model of a building can be created on a small scale and such models can also be easily modified and changed ,
    The standardized elements also allow easy planning on the PC even by laymen, e.g. using provided components in a freeware 3D program.
    In addition, each standardized element always has constant static values. This greatly simplifies the calculation of statics and can be carried out very easily and cheaply with a program tailored to the elements.
    Due to the features of claims 17 and 18, buildings can be quickly rebuilt, changed or dismantled, with removed elements can be reused without loss of value and can be stored indefinitely.
    Further advantages will become apparent from the following description and drawings
    Description with the help of the drawings
    Fig.l element in view, side view and section
    Fig.2 Connection frame with planking in the section
    Fig.3 tapping screws
    Fig.4 Element with middle post
    Fig.5 element stiffened fachwerklich
    Fig.6 ceiling element
    Fig.7 element in oblique
    Fig.8 Detail connection of elements
    Fig.9 Wedge clamp and eccentric clamp Fig.10 Wall of individual elements
    Fig. 1 shows an inventive element (I) in a view from the inside, in a side view and in section. From C-shaped profiles (3) a rectangular frame (2) is formed, wherein the C-shaped profiles (3) with their long webs (5) form the end faces of the frame (2) and the element (l). Viewed in cross-section, the C-profiles (3) consist of a long web (5), two angle webs (6) and two short webs (7), as shown in section AA of FIG. 1 and in FIGS. 2 and 8 is. Instead of C-shaped profiles (3) and U-shaped profiles are possible. The U-shaped profiles resembled the C-shaped profiles (3), but lacking the short webs (7) of the C-shaped profiles (3). Such C-profiles (3) or U-profiles are known and proven from the so-called lightweight steel construction, are already being produced in large numbers and are therefore cheap. The individual C-profiles (3) are preferably welded together by welding, e.g. by spot welding, connected to form the frame (2), which can be carried out very cheaply in mass production in large numbers with an industrial robot. But there are also other types of connections possible, detachable and non-detachable, as are known in mechanical engineering or steel construction to form of the C-profiles (3) a frame (2). On the finished frame (2) then the planking (4) is firmly attached. This planking (4) can be made of e.g. an OSB board, a chipboard, a plywood board or a wood composite material. It is important that the rigidity or strength against torsion and buckling is greatly increased by the interaction of frame (2) and planking (4). As a result, a previously unrealizable ratio of low weight and high load capacity is achieved. As a result, the elements (1) can be so light that they can be moved and assembled by hand and yet so large that a mounting speed similar to a prefabricated construction is achieved.
    Fig. 2 shows that the planking (4) is preferably connected by means of screws (13) with the frame (2). You can also use nails or rivets. In addition, the planking (4) can still be glued to the frame (2). But there are also other types of connection of frame (2) and planking (4) possible, as they are known from mechanical engineering, steel construction or precast. Important that the frame (2) and planking (4) are so firmly connected that they stiffen each other, so that the shear stresses of the planking (4) are well transferred to the frame (2) and vice versa, so that planking ( 4) and frame (2) can not move against each other. In Fig. 2, a connection by means of screws (13) is shown. Preferably, the planking (4) of the frame (2) is performed only on one side in the industrial prefabrication, so that the insides of the C-profiles (3) remain free for assembly. After assembly at the construction site, the connected elements (1) may then be e.g. be filled with thermal insulation and then be planked on the second side.
    Fig. 3 shows self-tapping screws (13) which are used to connect the frame (2) to the planking (4). For this purpose, countersunk screws are preferably used. For the connection of two elements (1), it is preferable to use flat head screws, e.g. Hexagon bolts used.
    Fig. 4 shows an element (1) with a middle post (II). Such a middle post (II) may be advantageous when the element (I) reaches a greater width. Of course, the planking (4) can also be connected to the middle post (II).
    Fig. 5 shows an element (l) which is stiffened by means of diagonally extending C-profiles (12). Such solutions are e.g. when superimposing (UE) on or for particularly large demands on the strength. A further increase in strength, in particular against distortion and buckling can be achieved if the inclined C-profiles (12) are connected to the planking (4).
    Fig. 6 shows a ceiling element (DE) with the specific embodiments of the invention.
    Fig. 7 shows an embodiment of an element (I) in oblique
    Fig. 8 shows an embodiment of a connection of two elements (l) in detail in a sectional drawing. Two elements (1) are connected together so that the long webs (5) of the C-profiles (3) which form the end faces of the elements (1) abut one another and e.g. be firmly connected by tapping screws (13). The displacement of the sheet metal screws (13) can be done very quickly and cheaply on screwdriving machines, which are loaded with a large number of self-tapping screws (13) on the construction site. Preferably self-tapping sheet metal screws (13) are used, as shown in Fig. 3 in more detail.
    Instead of a connection by means of tapping screws (13) also connections with nails or rivets are possible. With nailing machines or bolt guns or modern riveting machines, the assembly of the elements (l) on the construction site can be done very quickly and cheaply.
    Fig. 9 shows schematically wedge clamp and eccentric. Such compounds are used when the elements (l) are already covered on both sides in industrial prefabrication and the inner sides of the sheet metal profiles (3) are no longer accessible. The connection of the elements (1) in this case is similar to the joining of the walls of prefabricated pieces of furniture.
    10 shows an exemplary embodiment of a wall which is constructed from individual wall elements according to the invention (Al, A2, A3, B1, B2, C1, UE1, UE3, DE). Ceiling elements (DE) are also shown, which in this case rest on the overlays (UE1, UE3), only the narrow end side of the ceiling elements (DE) being visible in this view.
    权利要求:
    Claims (18)
    [1]
    Prefabricated elements made of planked steel frame for building a structure
    1. elements (1) for building a structure, characterized in that they consist of a frame (2) of sheet metal profiles (3) and a planking (4) made of a wood material, which are preferably industrially prefabricated, wherein the size of the individual elements (l) is chosen so that they can be carried and joined by two men and that several elements (l) can be stacked on a pallet.
    [2]
    2. Elements (l) according to claim 1, characterized in that the sheet metal profiles (3) are designed as C-shaped or U-shaped profiles made of sheet metal, as they are known from the lightweight steel construction and that the sheet metal profiles (3) a rectangular frame (2) are connected, wherein the long webs (5) of the sheet metal profiles (3) form the outer edges, so the end faces of the elements (l) and the frame (2) is planked on at least one side with a wood material ,
    [3]
    3. Elements (l) according to claim 1, characterized in that the planking (4) consists of an OSB board, a chipboard, a plywood board, or a wood composite material.
    [4]
    4. elements (l) according to claim 1, characterized in that the planking (4) with the frame (2) by means of sheet metal screws (13), nails, or rivets and / or by gluing is connected.
    [5]
    5. elements (l) according to claim 2, characterized in that the frame (2) of the individual elements (l) at a greater width additionally have a middle post (ll) of a C-profile (3) or U-profile.
    [6]
    6. elements (l) according to claim 2, characterized in that the frame (2) of the individual elements (l) by additional oblique profiles (12) are stiffened by a skilled worker.
    [7]
    7. elements (l) according to claim 2, characterized in that two elements (l) are interconnected so that the long webs (5) of the C-profiles (3) or U-profiles, which the end faces of the elements (l ), abut each other and are firmly connected by tapping screws (13), nails, rivets, Exzenterverschlüsse or wedge closures.
    [8]
    8. elements (l) according to claim 2, characterized in that the connection between two elements (l) is a detachable connection.
    [9]
    9. elements (l) according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that they are industrially prefabricated.
    [10]
    10. elements (l) according to claim 7, that the sheet metal profiles (3) for ease of alignment of two elements to be connected (l) have centering devices.
    [11]
    11. Elements (l) according to any one of claims 1-10, characterized in that only a limited number of fundamentally different elements (l) is created, preferably wall elements (Al, A2, A3, etc.), ceiling elements (DE) and Overlay (UEl, UE2, UE3, etc.).
    [12]
    12. elements (l) according to claim 11, characterized in that there are at the wall elements (Al, A2, A3, etc.) a basic size and in addition compensation elements (Bl, B2, Cl, C2, etc.) of different sizes to different wall openings for windows, doors, or the like, easy to realize.
    [13]
    13. Elements (l) according to claim 11, characterized in that the wall elements (Al, A2, A3, etc.) have a height of about 240cm and several possible widths of about 20cm, 31cm, 41cm, 62cm and 125cm and The overlays (UE) a height of about 38cm and several possible widths of about 31cm, 41cm, 62cm, 125cm, 178cm, 250cm and 312cm and the balancing elements (Bl, B2, etc.) A height of about 100 cm and Compensating elements (Cl, C2, etc.) have a height of about 60cm.
    [14]
    14. Elements (l) according to any one of claims 1-10, characterized in that the C-profiles (3) or U-profiles (3), depending on the static requirements, in cross-section a height of 80-200mm, a width of 45-60mm and a wall thickness of l-2mm.
    [15]
    15. Elements (l) according to any one of claims 1-10, characterized in that the C-profiles (3) or U-profiles (3) are made of galvanized sheet steel, corrosion-protected steel sheet, aluminum sheet or stainless steel sheets.
    [16]
    16. Elements (l) according to any one of claims 1-10, characterized in that elements (l) on a reduced scale, or model scale, with simplified connections of the elements (l), are produced, so that for planning purposes and presentation purposes with little Effort a model of a building can be created.
    [17]
    17. Building of prefabricated elements (l) according to any one of claims 1-10, characterized in that the connection (13) of individual elements (l) is made detachable, so that an existing structure can be easily expanded, dismantled or disassembled.
    [18]
    18. A structure of prefabricated elements (l) according to any one of claims 1-10, characterized in that the inner or outer planking (4) of the elements (l) and the connections (13) of the elements (l) are removable, that the elements (1) themselves are not destroyed, so for example loosening sheet metal screws (13), or riveting rivets or nails, so that the elements (l) can be stored after dismantling and reused without loss of value.
    类似技术:
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    EP3329063B1|2021-08-04|Prefabricated elements made of panelled steel frames for the construction of a building
    DE3237467C1|1983-10-20|Support frame for the installation of buildings
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    DE4027137C2|1994-10-27|Room cell
    DE102014009528A1|2015-01-15|Shear-resistant wall and ceiling element
    DE10016660A1|2000-10-12|Wall element for preferably wooden pre=fabricated constructions, comprises two connected parallel frame sections with reinforcing planks
    DE2051246A1|1972-06-08|Outer wall
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    DE2310312A1|1973-09-20|BUILDING MANUFACTURED USING PREFABRICATED LARGE-FORMAT COMPONENTS
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    DE824255C|1951-12-10|Process for erecting buildings with incomplete skeleton construction
    EP2256262A1|2010-12-01|Wood structure module,method for its manufacture and application
    EP0645508A2|1995-03-29|Scaffold platform made of square lumber
    DE2540305A1|1976-04-01|RESISTANT BOARD FOR THE FORMATION OF FLOORING, BOXING OR THE LIKE
    DE804954C|1951-05-04|Truss network as a load-bearing part of a wall
    DE102007037388A1|2009-02-12|Construction element used as stands for forming separating walls comprises a stand made from wood and having an I-shaped cross-section with sleeper-like side bars connected together using a middle bar
    DE1023577B|1958-01-30|Wooden framework with nailable gusset plates
    AT512106B1|2014-03-15|SHELF, IN PARTICULAR HIGH REGAL
    CH658696A5|1986-11-28|Steel structure for a hall
    AT10581U1|2009-06-15|SKELETON KELLER
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    AT517545B1|2017-05-15|
    WO2017015680A1|2017-02-02|
    EP3329063A1|2018-06-06|
    EP3329063B1|2021-08-04|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    GB853216A|1958-04-22|1960-11-02|Leonard Joseph Blumenthal|Improved wall partitioning|
    CH550296A|1972-06-13|1974-06-14|Schoenenberger Helmut|ELEMENTAL CONSTRUCTION.|
    DE7419959U|1974-06-10|1983-02-17|Furnier- Und Sperrholzwerk J.F. Werz Jr. Kg Werzalit-Pressholzwerk, 7141 Oberstenfeld|REPLACABLE ELEMENTS COMPOSABLE AND MODIFICABLE PARTITION - STRUCTURED-|
    DE2448946A1|1974-10-15|1976-04-29|Hunlas Bv|PROFILE SYSTEM FOR ERECTING WALLS OR THE SAME|
    FR2560254B2|1983-09-20|1989-01-06|Degut Andre|CONSTRUCTION DEVICE USING PREFABRICATED ELEMENTS|
    US4914883A|1986-10-22|1990-04-10|Foamseal, Inc.|Method of bonding structural support channels to a panel|
    US5060432A|1990-12-07|1991-10-29|Christian William D|Modular panel|
    DE4329413A1|1993-09-01|1995-03-02|Zorbedo Sa|Timber assembly system made of fully load-bearing and room-closing grid timber components|
    ID29312A|1997-05-08|2001-08-16|Nabil Nasri Gazal|MODULAR INSERTING PANEL AND METHODS FOR HOME CONSTRUCTION|
    US8307608B2|2006-05-18|2012-11-13|Harig Christopher W|Modular panel wall assemblies|
    US8769908B1|2011-08-31|2014-07-08|Patrick J. Santini|Modular building panel|
    DE102014000839B4|2013-11-04|2017-07-27|Sträter-Modularesysteme GmbH|Exhibition prefabricated construction system with prefabricated frame modules|
    ITTO20130918A1|2013-11-13|2015-05-14|Enrico Aime|PREFABRICATED MODULAR PANEL FOR CONSTRUCTION, IN PARTICULAR FOR HOUSES.|IT201700060534A1|2017-06-01|2018-12-01|Adige Spa|Flat construction element, in particular for the realization of horizontal structures.|
    法律状态:
    2021-03-15| MM01| Lapse because of not paying annual fees|Effective date: 20200729 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA505/2015A|AT517545B1|2015-07-29|2015-07-29|Prefabricated elements made of planked steel frames for the construction of a building|ATA505/2015A| AT517545B1|2015-07-29|2015-07-29|Prefabricated elements made of planked steel frames for the construction of a building|
    EP16747430.3A| EP3329063B1|2015-07-29|2016-07-11|Prefabricated elements made of panelled steel frames for the construction of a building|
    PCT/AT2016/000075| WO2017015680A1|2015-07-29|2016-07-11|Prefabricated elements made of panelled steel frames for the construction of a building|
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