• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a motor vehicle headlamp, which has an at least partially, in particular in the visible spectral range, transparent cover (220), at least one illumination device (200), at least one of the illumination device (200) associated light imaging system (210), the light emitted from the light source in an area in front of the illumination device in the form of a predetermined light distribution, comprises, wherein at least one optical structure (215) is provided in the vehicle headlight, which is designed and / or arranged in the vehicle headlight such that at least a part of the outside on the vehicle headlight incident light, in particular sunlight, is incident on the optical structure (215) and is scattered as it passes through the optical structure (215) and / or upon reflection from the optical structure (215), and thus formed and / or in the vehicle headlamp so ang is ordered that the predetermined light distribution through the optical structure (215) remains substantially unchanged.
    公开号:AT517173A1
    申请号:T50363/2015
    申请日:2015-05-06
    公开日:2016-11-15
    发明作者:Taudt Lukas；Kremzer Zbynek；Pürstinger Josef
    申请人:Zkw Group Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Headlight for motor vehicles
    The invention relates to a motor vehicle headlamp, which comprises an at least partially, in particular in the visible spectral range, transparent cover, at least one illumination device, at least one of the illumination device associated light imaging system, which images the light emitted by the light source in a region in front of the illumination device in the form of a predetermined light distribution, includes.
    Furthermore, the invention relates to a motor vehicle with at least one such, preferably with two such vehicle headlights.
    In automotive headlamps, light imaging systems incorporating lenses are used. These lenses bundle parallel incident sunlight from outside and direct it to focal points on a motor vehicle headlamp element. Depending on the position of the sun relative to the motor vehicle headlight, on the vehicle inclination or on the condition of the motor vehicle headlight element material, the energy input of the sunlight, measured by the irradiance in W / m 2, on the motor vehicle headlight element can be too high and lead to the melting of motor vehicle headlight elements. As a result, at least the surfaces of the vehicle headlight elements are damaged and unsightly, in addition, mechanical instabilities of the vehicle headlight elements and / or outgassing may occur. In this case, one speaks of the burning glass effect.
    To reduce the burning glass effect, some solutions are known in the art. For example, in DE 19803986 B4, the use of optical deflection means on the outside of the lens is disclosed, which is intended to substantially prevent the penetration of the light into the lens interior. These optical deflection means are in many cases by the sand or. Granite jets of the lens surface generally reach and require an additional element which prevents light from the light generated by the light source located in the headlight from roiling the lens outer surface. This solution effectively reduces the numerical aperture of the lens and can affect the light distributions generated by the vehicle headlamp.
    Furthermore, the application of a surface structure on the inlet side of a lens from DE 29912504 Ul is known. Similar to the solution mentioned above, this surface structure becomes disadvantageous when it comes to the production of legally prescribed light distributions.
    Another approach, in which the relevant vehicle headlamp element is protected by a special metal layer, is known from DE 102012101434 Al. The application of an additional reflective metal layer or the insertion of a corresponding additional, e.g. heat-resistant, headlight element in the light imaging system is often a technically difficult to solve problem for reasons of space. The following disadvantages can be individually or combined to the fore: Increased costs due to additional steps and headlight elements; Impairment of the mechanical integrity of one of the headlight elements, such as a lens holder; Fixation of the additional headlight element; Emergence of unwanted stray light in the motor vehicle headlight; Changing the customer's desired design; Dependence of the vapor deposition possibility on the geometry of the affected headlight element.
    The described disadvantages of the prior art should be eliminated. It is therefore the object of this invention to provide a headlight for motor vehicles, in which on the one hand distributes the energy input into a focal point on a larger surface of a vehicle headlight element surface and on the other hand, the light distribution generated by the arranged in the vehicle headlight illumination device is not changed substantially , As a result, on the one hand burning glass effects are reduced, avoided or it can be used materials which are thermally less resilient, and on the other hand, the statutory provisions regarding light distribution taken into account.
    These objects are achieved with a motor vehicle headlamp described above according to the invention that at least one optical structure is provided in the vehicle headlamp, which is designed and / or arranged in the vehicle headlamp that at least part of the incident from the outside of the vehicle headlamps light, especially sunlight , is incident on the optical structure and is scattered by a passage through the optical structure and / or a reflection from the optical structure, and is formed and / or arranged in the vehicle headlight such that the predetermined light distribution through the optical structure substantially remains unchanged.
    In one of the preferred embodiments, the illumination device arranged in the motor vehicle headlight comprises at least one light source, a reflector associated with the at least one light source, preferably an ellipsoidal free-form reflector, and / or at least one attachment optics associated with the at least one light source, preferably an imaging lens arrangement, and / or a panel.
    It is expedient that the light source as an HID lamp, ie, a xenon gas discharge lamp, for example according to standard ECE-R99, and / or one, two or more LEDs, which may have the same or different design, and / or a Incandescent lamp, for example, a filament lamp according to standard ECE-R37 is formed.
    The light entering from the outside can be imagined as a plurality of parallel light bundles. Upon arrival on a portion of a conventional lens, many of these beams are refracted to a focal point. This creates a surface area with a high irradiance. Due to the presence of an optical structure according to the invention, which can be applied, for example, to one of the lens surfaces, each light bundle is refracted to a different focal point, defocused.
    Therefore, it is particularly advantageous that the optical structure consists of one, two or more optical structural elements which have a light-scattering effect.
    It has proven expedient to distribute the optical structure elements via at least one, preferably exactly one, defined basic structure of at least one, preferably exactly one, of the light imaging system element.
    In order to facilitate the manufacturing process of such optical structures, it is advantageous to use the basic structure with certain geometric properties.
    For this reason, one of the preferred embodiments ensures that the basic structure is formed as a two-dimensional grid and consists of one, two or more defined grid cells.
    Furthermore, it is expedient that the two-dimensional lattice essentially form a structured lattice with regular cell geometry.
    In addition, it is conceivable that the grid cells are formed as regular polygons.
    It is provided in a particularly advantageous embodiment that at least one, preferably exactly one, structural element is arranged on each grid cell.
    In order to avoid the diffraction of the incident light on the optical structure and the subsequent interference effects on the optical structure, the geometric dimensions of the grid cells and the structural elements should be carefully selected.
    From this consideration, it has proved to be useful that the grid cells have a characteristic size, for example, a diameter and this size is about 10 - 100 microns.
    In one of the preferred embodiments, it is provided that the optical structure elements are formed substantially identical.
    The design of the individual structural elements is of great importance for the reduction of the burning glass effect.
    In one of the preferred embodiments, it is provided that the optical structure elements have a central elevation in their center.
    It has been found to be useful that the height of the central elevation is about 10 to 50 microns, but preferably 25 microns.
    In addition, it can advantageously be provided that the extent of the base area of the optical structural elements is about 0.5 to 1.5 millimeters, but preferably 1.0 millimeters.
    In general, it is advantageous if the central elevation is described by a function graph of a continuous real and non-negative function defined on a grid cell. The function graph represents a two-dimensional surface.
    It can also be provided that the function is designed as a piecewise linear function.
    It is also advantageous that the function is designed such that the functional graph is substantially rotationally symmetrical with respect to a vertical axis passing through the center of the grid cell.
    In a particularly advantageous embodiment, it is provided that a vertical section of the function graph along a horizontal line extending through the center of the grid cell has a piecewise linear function, this function having at least five linear sections and the extension of the second linear section and the third linear Section include a slope angle.
    It is advantageously provided that the optical structure elements are designed such that each structural element modifies a light bundle passing through the structural element to form a first modified light bundle.
    Moreover, it is advantageous that the optical structure elements are formed such that each structure element modifies a light beam reflected by the structure element to form a second modified light bundle.
    To further discuss the reduction in the firing glass effect, the broken modified light beams must be considered.
    It is thus conceivable that the first modified light beam is incident on a first headlight element and illuminates a first modified light spot and the second modified light beam is incident on a second headlight element and illuminates a second modified light spot.
    It is particularly advantageous that the size of the first modified luminous point and / or the second modified luminous point, for example, a diameter of the
    Luminous spot, with the dimensions of the central elevation, for example, with a first rise angle and or with a second rise angle, a plateau diameter and / or a height of the central elevation is related.
    It can also be provided that the size, for example a diameter, of the first modified luminous spot and / or of the second modified luminous spot is greater than the size, for example a diameter, of the unmodified luminous spot.
    It is expedient if the maximum irradiance within the first modified luminous spot and / or within the second modified luminous spot is lower than the irradiance within the unmodified luminous spot.
    It must be noted here that the optical structure can be mounted in many places in the motor vehicle headlight. The exact position of the optical structure depends on the specific design of the vehicle headlight. In addition to the statutory provisions, a positioning must be fulfilled in the positioning of the optical structure. The structure must be radiated by the light coming from the outside (in sunlight regardless of the altitude of the sun).
    It has proved to be expedient to arrange the optical structure on at least one, preferably precisely one surface of a light imaging system element, which is designed in the form of a projection lens and / or imaging lens.
    It is quite conceivable that the optical structure is arranged on the entrance surface and / or exit surface of a light imaging system element, which is formed in the form of a projection lens and / or imaging lens.
    In a preferred embodiment it can be provided that the optical structure is formed on at least one, preferably exactly one surface of a cover.
    It is conceivable that the optical structure is formed on the entrance surface and / or exit surface of a cover.
    Furthermore, it may be expedient that the optical structure is formed as an additional Lichtabbildungssystem element.
    The present invention will now be further illustrated by way of preferred non-limiting embodiments with reference to the drawings. It shows:
    1 is a schematic representation of the inner and the outer combustion lens effect in a vehicle headlamp according to the prior art,
    2 shows a schematic illustration of the inner and the outer burning glass effect in a vehicle headlight with an optical structure according to the invention,
    3 shows an unmodified both a modified luminous spot on a headlight element produced in a vehicle headlamp each without and with an optical structure according to the invention,
    4 shows a lens with an optical structure in a three-dimensional view, a section of the lens in an enlarged view, and further an enlarged section of the already enlarged detail,
    5 shows a luminous spot widening by a single structural element according to the invention in the case of parallel incident light,
    6 shows a plan view of an optical structure distributed over a hexagonal basic structure, which comprises structural elements with round central elevations,
    7 is a perspective view of a section of an optical structure, and
    8 shows a side section of a rotationally symmetrical structural element, which section is designed as a function graph of a piecewise linear one-dimensional real function.
    Reference is first made to FIG. 1, which schematically illustrates a conventional vehicle headlight with its most important elements in side section. Therein are a lighting device 200, a first motor vehicle headlight element, e.g. a panel, a holder or a design element 204, which may be formed, for example, as a functional unit in the headlight separating aperture, a second motor vehicle headlight element, e.g. a lens holder, a primary optics holder, a circuit board, for example a circuit board / circuit carrier 205 in the form of a PCB (Printed Circuit Board), on which, for example, LEDs are fitted, a light imaging system, which is shown here for the sake of simplicity in the form of a typical imaging lens 210, and a lens 220.
    The light beam incident from the outside, "sunlight", is refracted and reflected several times as it penetrates into the motor vehicle headlamps The light beams which after repeated refraction and / or reflection on motor vehicle headlamp elements often made of plastic, such as different holders, designs or These are usually produced by the refraction and / or reflection at the entrance surface 211 of an optical element, for example an imaging or projection lens Plastic holder, wherein the reflected beam only after a further refraction on the exit surface of an optical element, such as an imaging or projection lens 212 on a motor vehicle headlamp element meets (outer lens effect).
    With a strong focus of the refracted and / or reflected light beam, there is a high irradiance in a luminous spot 305 on the surface 205 of the motor vehicle headlight element, which can far exceed the damage limit of the material. For example, the irradiance can reach a value of 75,000 W / m2, which exceeds the damage limit of a special used in motor vehicle headlights plastic material "PBT GF30 black" of about 62,000 W / m2 and causes rapid melting of the motor vehicle headlamp element.
    In order to reduce the irradiance, an optical structure is used which defocuses the refracted and / or reflected light beam. Figure 2 shows an imaging lens 210 having an optical structure 215 deposited on the exit surface of the lens. Due to the special shape of the structural elements 502, the focal point position is shifted in space. As a result, on the one of the motor vehicle headlight elements 204, 205, another larger illuminated spot 350 is formed, as shown schematically in FIG. 3. Although none of the two luminous points form an exact one, it is quite possible to qualitatively represent the size of both luminous points by their diameter d or D. The larger the diameter of a light spot, the smaller the maximum value of the irradiance.
    4 shows a perspective view of an enlarged section of an optical structure arranged on the exit surface 215 of a lens, which is applied on a hexagonal basic structure, and an even larger section with a structural element 502. In this case, the structural element has a central elevation in the form of a truncated cone a certain height h.
    A "smearing" of the point by the frusto-conical central elevation of the structural element 502 is shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5. Here, the left image shows a scattergram of a structural element 502 with no central elevation (h = 0) 0.2 ° The radiation flux per unit area (radiation flux density) is large The central elevation leads to an expansion of the illuminated area (right-hand image in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5) This reduces the radiation flux density In this case, the entire incident radiation energy is redistributed to a larger area, in other words, there is a "defocusing" of the original light bundle, so that defocused light bundles LB1, LB2 are formed.
    FIG. 6 shows an embodiment of an optical structure in plan view. In this case, the basic structure 500 consists of hexagonal grid cells 501. The structural elements in this case have a rotationally symmetrical central elevation. In Fig. 7 it can be seen that this central elevation is formed as a straight truncated cone with a top surface 506 and a lateral surface 507 and is arranged on a base 505. In the case of light incident perpendicular to the base surface 505, it is refracted on the lateral surfaces and leads to the smearing of the illuminated spot on a motor vehicle headlight element.
    The degree of smearing is related to the geometric characteristics of the central elevation of the optical feature 502. For the above example of a frusto-conical central elevation, these properties are summarized in FIG. FIG. 8 shows a vertical section of the structural element 502 along a horizontal line AA passing through the center point 510 of the grid cell 501 (FIGS. 6 and 7). In this case, the section through the center 510 of the structure element 502 can be described by a graph of a piecewise linear function. In FIG. 8, the function has five linear sections 601, 602, 603, 604, 605. The blur smear depends on the length P of the central linear portion 603 equal to the diameter of the top surface 506, the length of the second portion 602, and the fourth portion 604 and the angle of rise α of the second linear portion 602.
    The invention has been described with reference to a hexagonal basic structure and a substantially flat rotationally symmetrical central elevation, for which the invention is particularly advantageous.
    In principle, however, the invention can also be used with non-hexagonal basic structures and with differently designed central elevations.
    权利要求:
    Claims (30)
    [1]
    claims
    A motor vehicle headlight, which comprises: an at least partially, in particular in the visible spectral range, transparent cover (220), at least one illumination device (200), at least one of the illumination device (200) associated light imaging system (210), the light emitted from the light source in an area in front of the illumination device in the form of a predetermined light distribution maps, characterized in that at least one optical structure (215) is provided in the vehicle headlamp, which is designed and / or arranged in the vehicle headlamp such that at least a part of the outside of the Motor vehicle headlight incident light, in particular sunlight, incident on the optical structure (215) and is scattered at a passage through the optical structure and / or reflection from the optical structure, and formed and / or arranged in such a way in the vehicle headlamp, d the predetermined light distribution through the optical structure remains essentially unchanged.
    [2]
    2. Motor vehicle headlight according to claim 1, characterized in that the illumination device (200) at least one light source, one of the at least one light source associated reflector, preferably an ellipsoidal free-form reflector, and / or at least one of the at least one light source to parent attachment optics, preferably an imaging lens assembly, and / or an aperture.
    [3]
    3. Motor vehicle headlight according to claim 2, characterized in that the light source as an HID lamp, preferably a standard FIID lamp ECE-R99, and / or one, two or more LEDs and / or an incandescent lamp, for example a filament lamp after ECE-R37, is formed.
    [4]
    4. Motor vehicle headlight according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the optical structure (215) consists of one, two or more optical structural elements (502), which have a light-scattering effect.
    [5]
    5. Motor vehicle headlight according to claim 4, characterized in that the optical structure elements (502) are distributed over at least one, preferably exactly one, defined basic structure (500) of at least one, preferably exactly one, of the light imaging system element.
    [6]
    6. Motor vehicle headlight according to claim 5, characterized in that the basic structure (500) as a two-dimensional grid (503) is formed and consists of one, two or more defined grid cells (501).
    [7]
    7. Motor vehicle headlight according to claim 6, characterized in that the two-dimensional grid (503) substantially forms a structured grid with regular cell geometry.
    [8]
    8. Motor vehicle headlight according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the grid cells (501) are formed as regular polygons.
    [9]
    9. Motor vehicle headlight according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that on each grid cell (501) at least one, preferably exactly one, structural element (502) is arranged.
    [10]
    10. Motor vehicle headlight according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the grid cells (501) have a characteristic size, for example, a diameter and this size is about 10 - 100 microns.
    [11]
    11. Motor vehicle headlight according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the optical structure elements (502) are formed substantially identical.
    [12]
    12. Motor vehicle headlight according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the optical structure elements (502) have in their center a central elevation (506).
    [13]
    13. Motor vehicle headlight according to claim 12, characterized in that the height (h) of the central elevation (506) about 10 - 50 microns, but preferably 25 microns, is.
    [14]
    14. Motor vehicle headlight according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the extension of the base of the optical structure elements (502) about 0.5 - 1.5 millimeters, but preferably 1.0 millimeters, is.
    [15]
    15. Motor vehicle headlight according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the central elevation (506) is described by a function graph of a continuous on a grid cell (501) defined real and non-negative function.
    [16]
    16. Motor vehicle headlight according to claim 15, characterized in that the function is designed as a piecewise linear function.
    [17]
    17. Motor vehicle headlight according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that the function is designed such that the function graph is substantially rotationally symmetrical with respect to a vertical axis passing through the center point (510) of the grid cell (501).
    [18]
    18. Motor vehicle headlight according to claim 17, characterized in that a vertical section of the function graph along a horizontal through the center (510) of the grid cell (501) extending line (AA) has a piecewise linear function, said function at least five linear sections (601 , 602, 603, 604, 605) and the extension of the second linear section (602) and the third linear section (603) include a rise angle (a).
    [19]
    19. Motor vehicle headlight according to one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that the optical structure elements (502) are formed such that each structural element (502) modifies a light beam passing through the structural element to a first modified light beam (LB1).
    [20]
    20. Motor vehicle headlight according to one of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that the optical structure elements (502) are formed such that each Strukturele element (502) from the structural element (502) reflected light beam to a second modified light beam (LB2) modified.
    [21]
    21. Motor vehicle headlight according to one of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that the first modified light beam incident on a first headlight element (205) and a first modified light spot (350) illuminates and the second modified light beam (LB2) on a second headlight Element (204) and illuminates a second modified light spot (450).
    [22]
    22. Motor vehicle headlight according to one of claims 1 to 21, characterized in that the size of the first modified luminous point (350) and / or the second modified luminous point (450), for example a diameter of the luminous point, with the dimensions of the central elevation, for example with a first rise angle (a) and / or with a second rise angle (ß), a plateau diameter (P) and / or a height of the central elevation (h) is related.
    [23]
    23. Motor vehicle headlight according to one of claims 1 to 22, characterized in that the size, beispielswese a diameter (D), the first modified luminous point (350) and / or the second modified luminous point (450) is greater than the size, beispielswese a Diameter (d) of the unmodified spot (305).
    [24]
    24. Motor vehicle headlight according to claim 23, characterized in that the maximum irradiance within the first modified luminous spot (350) and / or within the second modified luminous spot (450) is less than the irradiance within the unmodified luminous spot (305).
    [25]
    25. Motor vehicle headlight according to one of claims 1 to 24, characterized in that the optical structure (215) on at least one, preferably exactly one surface (211, 212) of a light imaging system element is arranged, which in the form of a projection lens and / or imaging lens (210) is formed.
    [26]
    26. Motor vehicle headlight according to claim 25, characterized in that the optical structure (215) is arranged on the entry surface (211) and / or exit surface (212) of a light imaging system element, which is in the form of a projection lens and / or imaging lens (210). is trained.
    [27]
    27. Motor vehicle headlight according to one of claims 1 to 24, characterized in that the optical structure (215) is formed on at least one, preferably exactly one surface of a cover plate (220).
    [28]
    28. Motor vehicle headlight according to claim 27, characterized in that the optical structure (215) on the entrance surface and / or exit surface of a cover (220) is formed.
    [29]
    29. Motor vehicle headlight according to one of claims 1 to 24, characterized in that the optical structure (215) is formed as an additional Lichtabbildungssystem element.
    [30]
    30. Motor vehicle with at least one, preferably two motor vehicle headlights according to one of claims 1 to 29.
    类似技术:
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    DE102019108232A1|2020-10-01|Partial high beam module for a motor vehicle headlight
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    DE102019125971A1|2021-04-01|Motor vehicle headlight with a light module and a broadly illuminated light exit lens
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    CN108633297A|2018-10-09|
    EP3292346A1|2018-03-14|
    WO2016176706A1|2016-11-10|
    CN108633297B|2021-11-09|
    AT517173B1|2017-05-15|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    JPH04357602A|1991-09-06|1992-12-10|Nissan Shatai Co Ltd|Lighting fixture for vehicle|
    FR2759765B1|1997-02-18|1999-06-04|Valeo Vision|ELLIPTICAL PROJECTOR, PARTICULARLY FOR MOTOR VEHICLE|
    FR2770617B1|1997-10-30|2000-02-04|Valeo Vision|ELLIPTICAL PROJECTOR FOR A MOTOR VEHICLE WITH A LIGHT BEAM|
    DE29912504U1|1999-07-16|1999-09-16|Hella Kg Hueck & Co|Headlights for vehicles|
    FR2983279B1|2011-11-24|2015-08-21|Valeo Vision|OPAQUE AND MOBILE ELEMENT PREVENTING THE FOCUSING OF SOLAR RAYS IN A PROJECTOR|
    DE102012101434A1|2012-02-23|2013-08-29|Hella Kgaa Hueck & Co.|Lens holder for receiving a lens in a headlight|
    DE102012107427A1|2012-08-14|2014-05-22|Hella Kgaa Hueck & Co.|Optical surface and lighting device for vehicles|
    JP6028487B2|2012-09-20|2016-11-16|市光工業株式会社|Vehicle lighting|
    AT514785B1|2013-09-03|2021-11-15|Zkw Group Gmbh|Optical structure with a microstructure with a quadratic scatter function|
    JP6261276B2|2013-10-11|2018-01-17|株式会社小糸製作所|Vehicle lighting|JP6932933B2|2017-01-19|2021-09-08|市光工業株式会社|Vehicle headlights|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA50363/2015A|AT517173B1|2015-05-06|2015-05-06|Headlight for motor vehicles|ATA50363/2015A| AT517173B1|2015-05-06|2015-05-06|Headlight for motor vehicles|
    EP16724585.1A| EP3292346A1|2015-05-06|2016-05-02|Headlight for motor vehicles|
    PCT/AT2016/050120| WO2016176706A1|2015-05-06|2016-05-02|Headlight for motor vehicles|
    CN201680025812.9A| CN108633297B|2015-05-06|2016-05-02|Searchlight for motor vehicle|
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