• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a method for measuring the resin impregnation of a substrate (2) with a measuring device (1), which has three spaced-apart electrodes (3, 4, 5) which touch a substrate to be tested (2). In this case, a time measurement is started when the electrical conductivity between a first and a second electrode (3, 4) or a parameter dependent thereon reaches a first threshold value, and ends when the electrical conductivity or a parameter dependent thereon between the third electrode (5) and the first electrode (3) and / or between the third electrode (5) and the second electrode (4) reaches a second threshold. The said electrical conductivity is influenced by a resin drop (16) applied to the substrate (2) or by the resin infiltrating into the substrate (2). In addition, an apparatus (1) for carrying out the disclosed method is provided.
    公开号:AT517076A4
    申请号:T50348/2015
    申请日:2015-04-29
    公开日:2016-11-15
    发明作者:Sebastian Hochsteiner；Simon Lenz；Jörg Stultschnik
    申请人:Kompetenzzentrum Holz Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to a measuring device and measuring method for measuring the resin impregnation of a substrate, in particular of absorbent paper.
    Such a measuring method is known, for example, from the woodworking industry. There, substrates, in particular absorbent papers, are impregnated with resin in order to render it more resistant on the one hand, and also to bond it to a carrier material, for example a chipboard or fiberboard. In order to maintain a constant quality in the manufacturing process of these materials, it is very important to know the time that the substrate takes to be soaked in liquid resin.
    Currently, this time measurement is carried out with the aid of a test substrate, which is bent at two side edges and then dropped from a small height with horizontally held base in a resin bath. The time from entry of the paper into the resin bath is measured up to an 80% surface discoloration of the paper sample by means of a stopwatch. Since the surface discoloration is detected with the naked eye, the method is very person-specific. Measurement results are therefore subjective and hardly reproducible. This is particularly problematic when bright, printed decor papers are measured.
    An object of the invention is therefore to provide an improved measuring device and an improved measuring method for measuring the resin impregnation of a substrate. In particular, the measurement results should be objective and well reproducible.
    The object of the invention is achieved with a measuring device for measuring the resin impregnation of a substrate comprising three electrodes spaced apart from each other, a conductivity measuring device for measuring the electrical conductivity between the electrodes or a parameter dependent thereon, a time measuring device and one with the conductivity measuring device and the time measuring means connected control unit which is adapted to start the time measuring means when a first threshold value of the electrical conductivity / the dependent parameter between a first electrode and a second electrode is reached, and to stop the time measuring means when a second threshold of the electric Conductivity / the dependent parameter between the third electrode and the first electrode and / or between the third electrode and the second electrode is achieved.
    Furthermore, the object of the invention with a method for measuring the resin impregnation of a substrate with a measuring device is solved, which has three spaced-apart electrodes which touch a substrate to be tested, comprising the steps
    Starting a time measurement when the electrical conductivity between a first and a second electrode or a parameter dependent thereon reaches a first threshold value,
    Terminating the time measurement when the electrical conductivity or a parameter dependent thereon between the third electrode and the first electrode and / or between the third electrode and the second electrode reaches a second threshold value.
    In the above method and apparatus, the fact that the resin is electrically conductive is taken advantage of. If the resin (manually or machine-controlled) is applied to the surface of the substrate between the first and the second electrode, an increase in the electrical conductivity or a decrease in the specific electrical resistance is determined between these two electrodes. This event is used as a trigger to start a time measurement. Gradually, the substrate is now soaked with the resin, which finally reaches the third Elektode. This leads to an increase in the electrical conductivity or a decrease in the specific electrical resistance between the third electrode and the first electrode and / or to an increase in the electrical conductivity or a decrease in the specific electrical resistance between the third electrode and the second electrode. This event is recorded again and used to stop the time measurement. The measured time span now serves as a measure of the pumping speed of the substrate for the particular resin. Of course, the experiment can be carried out for example at different temperatures, humidities, etc. If the test is carried out under the same conditions which are also present during the production process, the determined time can be used directly for the parameterization of the named process. Advantageously, the presented measuring device and the introduced measuring method deliver measurement results which are objective and reproducible.
    The measuring device and the measuring method are particularly suitable for measuring the impregnation of a substrate with resin. In addition to resin, however, other conductive liquids can generally be used. The measuring device and the measuring method are thus generally suitable for measuring the impregnation of a substrate with an electrically conductive liquid (pentration time measurement).
    It should be noted at this point that the trigger for starting and stopping the measuring time is not necessarily an increase in the electrical conductivity in the narrower sense (ie Siemens per meter), but also dependent parameters for triggering the time measurement can be used. Examples include the specific electrical resistance, which is defined as the inverse of the electrical conductivity, or the ohmic resistance or the electrical conductance between the electrodes. The resin leads to an increase of the electrical conductivity and the conductance between the electrodes and to a decrease of the specific electrical resistance and the ohmic resistance. Accordingly, a threshold value for the electrical conductivity or conductance is exceeded by the resin, a threshold value for the specific electrical resistance and the resistive resistance, however, undershot.
    Advantageous embodiments and developments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims and from the description in conjunction with the figures. It is favorable if the measuring device has a feed device for the liquid resin, whose outlet opening is arranged between the first electrode and the second electrode. In this way, the resin can be reproducibly applied always in the same place.
    It is advantageous in this context if the feeding device is formed by a syringe pump or a perfusor. Syringe pumps / perfusors are known in particular in medical technology and have been successfully used there for some time. By adopting or using these means, the measuring device presented / the presented measuring method can be well put into practice and reliably operated / performed.
    It is furthermore advantageous if, prior to the start of the time measurement, a drop of resin is applied on the surface of the substrate between the first and the second electrode in a machine-controlled manner by means of a feed device. By this measure, the application of the liquid resin is objective and reproducible.
    In addition, it is advantageous if the measuring device has a controller which is set up to control or regulate the feed device with regard to a minimum size of a resin drop located between the first and the second electrode. Accordingly, it is advantageous in the presented method that resin is tracked via the feeding device and the feeding device is controlled or regulated with respect to a minimum size of a resin drop located between the first and second electrodes. In this way it is ensured that the infiltrating liquid resin in the substrate is replenished in sufficient quantity. For example, the size of the
    Resin drop are optically detected, such as with a camera, or it is used the electrical conductivity between the first electrode and the second electrode or a derived parameter thereof. In particular, it can be provided that the measuring device has a controller which is adapted to control the supply device with regard to a tracking of liquid resin when the electrical conductivity between the first electrode and the second electrode or a parameter derived therefrom reaches a third threshold value , Accordingly, it is advantageous in the presented method, if liquid resin is tracked via the feed device, if the electrical conductivity between the first electrode and the second electrode or a parameter derived therefrom reaches a third threshold value. Specifically, a tracking of the resin takes place when a threshold value for the electrical conductivity or the conductance is exceeded or a threshold value for the specific electrical resistance and the ohmic resistance is exceeded. It is also generally conceivable to adjust a feed device empirically and to control the size of the resin drop.
    It is also advantageous if the first and the second electrode are tongue-shaped. In particular, these are bent up at their end facing the third electrode and lie approximately in a line on the substrate.
    In particular, the first and second electrodes may be identically shaped. By the tongue-like shape, a substrate can be relatively easily mounted in the measuring device or clamped in this.
    In addition, it is advantageous if the third electrode has a planar design, in particular flat with an area of at least 100 cm 2. As a result, a planar substrate can likewise be mounted comparatively easily in the measuring device.
    Moreover, it is particularly advantageous if the first and the second electrode are arranged on a first side of the substrate, and the third electrode is arranged on a second side of the substrate opposite the first side. As a result, the size of the resin drop has no or only a small influence on the time required for the resin to reach the third electrode. In particular special in this variant, the substrate is formed as a sheet or as platelets, that is as a planar body with a comparatively small thickness.
    Finally, it is also advantageous if all the electrodes are arranged on a first side of the substrate. By selecting a distance of the third electrode to the first / second electrode, it is also possible to substantially set the time range required for the resin to reach the third electrode. Larger distances extend the mentioned time, smaller distances reduce them. Especially with very thin substrates and / or very thin resins, the measurement time can be brought in this way in an easily manageable area.
    For a better understanding of the invention, this will be explained in more detail with reference to the following figures.
    In each case, in a highly simplified, schematic representation:
    Fig. 1 shows a first example of a measuring device with two tongue-shaped
    Electrodes and an oppositely arranged plate-shaped electrode and
    Fig. 2 shows three pin-shaped electrodes which touch a substrate on one side.
    By way of introduction, it should be noted that in the differently described embodiments, the same parts are provided with the same reference numerals or the same component names, wherein the disclosures contained in the entire description can be mutatis mutandis to the same parts with the same reference numerals or component names. Also, the location information chosen in the description, such as top, bottom, side, etc. related to the immediately described and illustrated figure and to transmit mutatis mutandis to the new situation in a change in position.
    1 shows a measuring device 1 for measuring the resin impregnation of a substrate 2, which comprises three electrodes 3, 4 and 5 which are spaced apart from one another. In this specific example, the first electrode 3 and the second electrode 4 are tongue-shaped. These are advantageous, as shown, bent at its the third electrode 5 facing the end and are approximately in a line on the substrate 2 on. By contrast, the third electrode 5 in this example is planar and planar and in particular has an area of at least 100 cm 2. In principle, however, the electrodes 3..5 can also be shaped differently (cf. FIG. 2).
    The electrodes 3..5 are made of metal in this example. Concretely, the first and second electrodes 3 and 4 are made of steel, and the third electrode 5 is made of aluminum. Of course, however, other electrode materials can be used, in particular copper, brass or bronze.
    The measuring device 1 furthermore has a conductivity measuring device 6 for measuring the electrical conductivity between the electrodes 3..5 or a parameter dependent on said electrical conductivity. In this example, the conductivity measuring device 6 specifically comprises a voltage source 7, an ammeter 8 and a voltage measuring device 9.
    In addition, the measuring device 1 comprises a time measuring device 10, and a control unit 11 connected to the conductivity measuring device 6 and the time measuring device 10.
    The control unit 11 is configured to start the time measuring device 10 when a first threshold value of the electrical conductivity / the dependent parameter between a first electrode 3 and a second electrode 4 is reached, and to stop the time measuring device 10 when a second threshold value of the electrical Conductivity / the dependent parameter between the third electrode 5 and the first electrode 3 and / or between the third electrode 5 and the second electrode 4 is reached or such an event is detected or detected by the control unit 11. For example, the control unit 11 may be in the form of a microprocessor, a computer or in the form of a programmable logic controller (PLC).
    Finally, the measuring device 1 has an optional feeding device 12 for the liquid resin, whose outlet opening 13 is arranged between the first electrode 3 and the second electrode 4. As shown in FIG. 1, the feeding device 12 can be formed in particular by a syringe pump or a perfusor. In addition, the measuring device 1 comprises optional switches 14 and 15.
    The function of the measuring device 1 shown in FIG. 1 is now as follows:
    In a first step, the substrate 2 (e.g., absorbent paper) is sandwiched between the electrodes 3..5. That substrate 2 is therefore touched on the bottom of the third electrode 5, on the opposite upper side of the first and the second electrode 3, 4. The first and the second electrode 3, 4 may be formed in particular resilient so that the substrate 2 with a defined contact force is charged.
    With the aid of the feeding device 12, a resin drop 16 is then machine-controlled on the surface of the substrate 2 between the first and the second electrode 3, 4 applied. As a result, the application is objective and reproducible. Of course, the liquid resin could also be applied manually.
    In an initial state, the switches 14 and 15 are in the position shown in FIG. With the aid of the voltage source 7, therefore, an electric current flowing via the ammeter 8, the first electrode 3, the substrate 2 or the resin drop 16 and the second electrode 4 are generated. With the help of the voltmeter (voltmeter) 9 and the ammeter (Amperemeters) 8, the ohmic resistance and the conductance can now be determined. The metallic components in the circuit, such as the first and second electrodes 3, 4 and wires, conductors and the like can be neglected in principle, since their conductance is many times greater than the conductance of the resin drop 16 / of the substrate 2. Of course, these shares can also be taken into account. To determine the relevant conductance, the first and second electrodes 3, 4 can be short-circuited. If the distance between the first and second electrodes 3, 4 is known, the electrical conductivity and the specific electrical resistance can also be determined from the measured values for current and voltage. If the determined electrical conductivity (or even the conductance) exceeds a first threshold value, then a time measurement is started. The time measurement can also be started in an analogous manner if the specific electrical resistance or the ohmic resistance falls below a first threshold value.
    The liquid resin now seeps into the substrate 2 and eventually reaches the third electrode 5. The time measurement is terminated when the electrical conductivity or a parameter dependent thereon between the third electrode 5 and the first electrode 3 and / or between the third electrode 5 and the second electrode 4 reaches a second threshold. The measured period of time can be displayed via a display unit (not shown) or else further processed automatically, for example in a computer.
    To ensure that sufficient resin is always available, provision can be made for resin to be fed continuously via the feed device 12 and for the feed device 12 to be controlled or regulated with regard to a minimum size of the resin drop 16 located between the first and second electrodes 3, 4. For example, the size of the resin drop 16 can be optically detected by a camera, not shown. It would also be conceivable for the supply device 12 to be actuated with regard to a tracking of liquid resin when the electrical conductivity between the first electrode 3 and the second electrode 4 or a parameter derived therefrom reaches a third threshold value. In this variant, so resin is tracked when the electrical conductivity / the electrical conductance between the first electrode 3 and the second electrode 4 below the third threshold or the electrical resistivity / the ohmic resistance between the first electrode 3 and the second electrode 4 the exceeds the third threshold. Of course, it is also conceivable to adjust the feed device 12 empirically and to control the size of the resin drop 16 or the amount of resin per unit time. The control / regulation of the feed device 12 can generally be taken over by the controller 11 or another controller (for example installed in the feed device 12).
    In the example shown in FIG. 1, a (single) conductivity measuring device 6 is provided, which can be connected to the electrodes 3..5 in different ways with the aid of the switches 14, 15 in order to control the electrical conductivity between the first electrode 3 and the second electrode 4 (switch 14 upper position, switch 15 upper position), between the first electrode 3 and the third electrode 5 (switch 14 upper position, switch 15 lower position) or between the second electrode 4 and the third electrode 5 (FIG. Switch 14 lower position, switch 15 lower position) to determine. In particular, it can be provided that the switches 14, 15 are switched at periodic intervals in order to obtain the above-mentioned three measurement states. In this way, with the same conductivity measuring device 6 on the one hand, the time measuring device 10 is started and the feeder 12 are controlled, on the other hand, so that the time measurement can be stopped again. The latter may be done based on the electrical conductivity between the third electrode 5 and the first electrode 3 or based on the electrical conductivity between the third electrode 5 and the second electrode 4. In particular, the time measurement can be stopped when one of the two measured values reaches a second threshold value. However, it would also be conceivable that both measured values have to reach a second threshold, so that the time measurement is stopped.
    Although the switches 14,15 are advantageous, but not mandatory for the invention. It would also be conceivable that a plurality of conductivity measuring devices 6 are provided, whereby the switches 14 and 15 can be omitted partially or completely. It would also be conceivable that instead of the voltage source 7, a current source is used.
    It should be noted at this point that the functional segmentation of the measuring device 1 shown in FIG. 1 does not necessarily have to be present in reality, and FIG. 1 primarily shows functional blocks that are integrated in various forms in physical physical units can. For example, a time measurement device 10 is often a standard function of control units 11 (microcontroller, computer, PLC) and therefore need not be extra. The same applies to the current source 7, the current measuring device 8 and the voltage measuring device 9, which may also be an integral part of the controller 11.
    In particular, the controller 11, the conductivity measuring device 6, the time measuring device 10 and the switches 14 and 15 are housed in a common housing 17, and the electrodes 3..5 and the feeding device 12 are units connected externally thereto. Of course, this segmentation is not mandatory, and said devices can also be integrated in other ways in housings. At this point it is also noted that the perfusor 12 is not necessarily aligned vertically, but of course can be oriented horizontally.
    FIG. 2 now shows a further possibility of how the electrodes 3..5 can be shaped and arranged. Specifically, all three electrodes 3..5 are pin-shaped and rounded at the side facing the substrate 2 here. In addition, all three electrodes 3..5 are arranged on one side of the substrate 2. The distance between the first electrode 3 and the second electrode 4 is preferably slightly smaller than the distance of the third electrode 5 to the first electrode 3 / second electrode 4, as shown in FIG. Of course, the electrode shape shown in FIG. 2 can also be used for the first and second electrodes 3, 4 of the measuring device 1 shown in FIG. 1. Conversely, the electrode shape used in FIG. 1 for the first and second electrodes 3, 4 can also be used for the electrodes 3. 5 of FIG. 2. Mixed forms are also conceivable.
    The embodiments show possible embodiments of a measuring device 1 according to the invention, it being noted at this point that the invention is not limited to the specifically illustrated embodiments of the same, but also various combinations of the individual embodiments are possible with each other and this possibility of variation due to the teaching of technical action by objective invention in the skill of those skilled in this technical field. So are all conceivable embodiments, which are possible by combinations of individual details of the illustrated and described embodiments, of the scope of protection.
    In particular, it is noted that the illustrated devices may in reality also comprise more or fewer components than shown.
    For the sake of order, it should finally be pointed out that in order to better understand the construction of the measuring device 1, these or their components have been shown partly unevenly and / or enlarged and / or reduced in size.
    The task underlying the independent inventive solutions can be taken from the description.
    REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 measuring device 2 substrate (absorbent paper) 3 first electrode 4 second electrode 5 third electrode 6 conductivity measuring device 7 voltage source 8 ammeter 9 voltmeter 10 timer (stopwatch) 11 control (microcontroller, computer, PLC) 12 feeder (Perfusor) 13 Outlet 14 Switch 15 Switch 16 Resin Drop 17 Housing
    权利要求:
    Claims (14)
    [1]
    claims
    1. Measuring device (1) for measuring the resin impregnation of a substrate (2), comprising three spaced-apart electrodes (3, 4, 5), a conductivity measuring device (6) for measuring the electrical conductivity between the electrodes (3, 4, 5 ) or a parameter dependent thereon, a time measuring device (10) and a control unit (11) connected to the conductivity measuring device (6) and the time measuring device (10), which is set up to start the time measuring device (10) if a first Threshold of the electrical conductivity / the dependent parameter between a first electrode (3) and a second electrode (4) is reached, and the time measuring device (10) to stop when a second threshold value of the electrical conductivity / the dependent parameter between the third electrode ( 5) and the first electrode (3) and / or between the third electrode (5) and the second electrode (4).
    [2]
    2. Measuring device (1) according to claim 1, characterized by a feed device (12) for the liquid resin, whose outlet opening (13) between the first electrode (3) and the second electrode (4) is arranged.
    [3]
    3. Measuring device (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that the feed device (12) is formed by a syringe pump or a per-fusor.
    [4]
    4. Measuring device (1) according to one of claims 2 to 3, characterized by a controller (11), which is adapted to the feed device (12) with regard to a minimum size of one between the first and the second electrode (3, 4). to control or regulate the resin drop (16).
    [5]
    5. Measuring device (1) according to one of claims 2 to 3, characterized by a controller (11) which is adapted to the feed device (12) with a view to tracking of liquid resin to control when the electrical conductivity between the first electrode (3) and the second electrode (4) or a parameter derived therefrom reaches a third threshold value.
    [6]
    6. Measuring device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the first and the second electrode (3, 4) are tongue-shaped.
    [7]
    7. Measuring device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the third electrode (5) is formed flat.
    [8]
    A method of measuring the resin impregnation of a substrate (2) with a measuring device (1) comprising three spaced-apart electrodes (3, 4, 5) contacting a substrate (2) to be tested, comprising the steps of starting a time measurement, when the electrical conductivity between a first and a second electrode (3, 4) or a parameter dependent thereon reaches a first threshold, terminating the time measurement if the electrical conductivity or a parameter dependent thereon between the third electrode (5) and the first electrode (3) and / or reaches a second threshold value between the third electrode (5) and the second electrode (4).
    [9]
    9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that before starting the time measurement, a resin drop (16) by means of a feed device (12) machine-controlled on the surface of the substrate (2) between the first and the second electrode (3, 4) applied becomes.
    [10]
    10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that liquid resin is tracked via the feed device (12) and the Zuführeinrich- device (12) with respect to a minimum size of a located between the first and the second electrode (3, 4) resin drop ( 16) is controlled or regulated.
    [11]
    11. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that liquid resin is tracked via the supply device (12) when the electrical conductivity between the first electrode (3) and the second electrode (4) or a parameter derived therefrom reaches a third threshold value.
    [12]
    12. The method according to any one of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that as a substrate (2) absorbent paper is used.
    [13]
    13. The method according to any one of claims 8 to 12, characterized in that the first and the second electrode (3, 4) on a first side of the substrate (2) are arranged, and that the third electrode (5) on one of the first Side opposite, second side of the substrate (2) is arranged.
    [14]
    14. The method according to any one of claims 8 to 12, characterized in that all electrodes (3..5) on a first side of the substrate (2) are arranged.
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    引用文献:
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    US3129586A|1961-03-08|1964-04-21|Cons Papers Inc|Apparatus for testing certain characteristics of paper and the like|
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
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