奥地利专利AT516822A1 sailboat

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引用文献

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专利摘要:
It is a sailboat with a hull (1), two laterally from the hull (1) projecting flow profiles (2, 3) and at least one underwater wing (16) described. In order to achieve high speeds while maintaining the stability of the sailboat and a balanced control behavior, it is proposed that the airfoils (2, 3) project V-shaped upwards from the hull and each have an aerodynamic aileron (4, 5) forming aerodynamic tail and / or that the at least one underwater wing (16) is provided with a hydrodynamic aileron forming a hydrodynamic aileron.
公开号:AT516822A1
申请号:T50029/2015
申请日:2015-01-19
公开日:2016-08-15
发明作者:
申请人:Steinkogler Peter；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

The invention relates to a sailboat with a hull, two in addition to the sails laterally projecting from the hull flow profiles and at least one underwater wing.
For maneuvering sailboats, it is known (EP 0358888 A1) to provide two laterally projecting from the hull flow profiles having at the ends of floating body and downwardly projecting wing stalks, each carrying a buoyancy control wing, the wing stems act as a lateral control wing. The disadvantage of this, however, is that at higher swell or higher heeling of such a sailboat float the hydrodynamic effect and thus negatively affect the hydrodynamic properties of the sailboat and the control behavior of the lateral control wing. This means that at higher speeds, the stability and maneuverability of such a sailboat is impaired or higher speeds can not be achieved in the first place.
In addition, Cat-rigged one-hand jacks are known, which are equipped with airfoils. These raise the hull due to its low weight even at low speed out of the water. To compensate for the sail pressure of the sailor sits in this case on the side of the hull projecting boom frame. However, a disadvantage of these single-handed jetties is their reduced stability and the low traveling speed due to the limited compensatable sail pressure.
The invention is therefore the object of a sailboat of the type described in such a way that high speeds while preserving the stability of the sailboat and a balanced control behavior can be achieved.
The invention achieves the stated object in that the airfoils protrude in a V-shaped manner from the hull and each have an aerodynamic aileron forming aerodynamic tail and / or that the at least one underwater wing is provided with a hydrodynamic ailerons hydrodynamic tail.
In order to stabilize a sailboat or to increase the sail pressure and consequently the driving speed, in a sailboat according to the invention with a hull, a torque acting counter to the leeward heeling must be generated about the longitudinal axis of the hull. This is particularly necessary when the righting moment of the sailboat in the absence of a keel, due to a particularly narrow hull is comparatively low or, as here in the case of a lifting at higher speeds out of the hull hull, not present.
To generate such a counter-torque, according to the invention an aerodynamically effective tail can be provided on two V-shaped upwardly projecting from the hull, symmetrically arranged to the hull flow profiles. Due to the V-shaped arrangement of the airfoils and thus also of the tail unit, this acts both as ailerons, elevator and rudder. The V-shaped and symmetrical arrangement of the airfoils with respect to the hull allows the aerodynamic empennage to remain effective even when the sailboat is more crowded, as is to be feared in the event of higher wind and sail pressure.
In order to stabilize a sailboat according to the invention or to increase driving speed and sail pressure, the tail can form an aerodynamic aileron, resulting in advantageous structural properties, when this aerodynamic aileron is embedded in the side projecting from the hull flow profile. In the neutral position of the aerodynamic mixing aileron, the airfoils can act aerodynamically neutral, that is produce neither aerodynamic up nor down. This is the case, for example, when the airfoils, in contrast to conventional airfoils, are symmetrical, so that they produce neither up nor down for themselves. In the case of an injury of the sailboat according to the invention can be generated on the aerodynamic aileron on one airfoil buoyancy and on the other airfoil an output to produce a heel counteracting torque about the longitudinal axis of the hull. However, the airfoils can also be similar to known wings designed so that you generate an aerodynamic lift regardless of the position of the aerodynamic ailerons.
To produce a counter-torque as described above, according to the invention, instead of or in addition to the aerodynamic tail unit, an underwater wing with a hydrodynamic tail unit designed as a hydrodynamic aileron can be provided. Such an underwater wing may be arranged, for example, on one or more of the hull downwardly projecting spars, wherein the two rudder blades of the hydrodynamic ailerons are each rotatably mounted laterally on the spar.
If several underwater wings are provided, only a portion of these underwater wing can be provided with a hydrodynamic aileron hydrodynamic tail, while the other underwater wing form only an elevator with one or more co-operating rudder blades and thus serve to regulate the buoyancy. For example, a stile amidships and a spar at the rear of each be provided on the longitudinal axis of the hull, wherein the amidships arranged spar is assigned as an aileron underwater wing and arranged in the rear spar a designed as an elevator underwater wing.
In order to allow a particularly balanced control behavior, the aerodynamic and hydrodynamic ailerons described above are arranged in or substantially in a plane transverse to the longitudinal axis of the hull.
In order to avoid a mutual hydrodynamic influence of arranged on the two spars underwater wing, for example, by turbulence in the case of several on the boat longitudinal axis successively arranged spars, the underwater wing can be arranged at different heights or the spars of different lengths.
The inventive use of two provided with underwater wings support spars makes it possible to lift the hull even at low speeds and as far out of the water, so that even at higher wave crests, as you can expect, for example, on the open sea, waves on the hull can be prevented. For this purpose, the spars receiving the underwater wing can be designed to be correspondingly long.
A sailboat according to the invention can be provided with one or both described measures for generating a counter-torque about the longitudinal axis of the hull, so either with an aerodynamic o-the hydrodynamic aileron, or both an aerodynamic and a hydrodynamic aileron.
If the sailboat according to the invention, for example, according to a high wind and sail pressure in the direction of Lee, using the leeward rudder blades of the aerodynamic and / or hydrodynamic aileron aerodynamic and / or hydrodynamic lift, using the windward rudder blades of the aerodynamic and / or hydrodynamic aileron aerodynamic and / or hydrodynamic output are generated to generate one of the leeward heeling caused by the wind pressure counteracting torque about the longitudinal axis of the hull. At the same time also the sail pressure is increased, which has an advantageous effect on the travel of the sailboat. By reducing the leeward heeling of the sailboat, however, increases the projected sail area, so that the sail pressure increases steadily until reaching a point without heeling.
Depending on the wind pressure, driving speed and position of the ailerons, the torque generated by the aileron around the longitudinal axis of the boat body can reach a value that exceeds the torque resulting from the wind pressure about the longitudinal axis of the hull, so that the sailboat according to the invention after windward tends, so reaches a windward heeling.
In the case of a windward heeling of the sailboat according to the invention results from the wind pressure in the sail and a buoyancy-generating force component, so that the lifting of the hull over the water level is favored. This has a favorable effect, in particular with a larger dimensioning of the sailboat according to the invention, because it can relieve the underwater wing which would otherwise be responsible for the buoyancy.
In order to obtain an additional aerodynamic up or down, the two rudder blades of the aerodynamic and / or hydrodynamic ailerons can also be trimmed in the same direction.
In addition, the drift of a sailboat according to the invention is reduced in a windward heeling of the sailboat according to the invention by the control movement of the underwater wing and the resulting buoyancy. As a result of the measures, a drift towards the windward can also result under favorable conditions.
If the hull leaves the water, the hull is also windward with respect to the fulcrum, so that the weight of the hull also increases the sail pressure.
As with an increasing windward heeling of the sailboat according to the invention, however, the projected sail area decreases again, resulting from the wind pressure torque is reduced to the longitudinal axis of the boat body, so that at constant torque generated by the aerodynamic and / or hydrodynamic aileron there is a risk that the Sailboat becomes unstable. From reaching a given windward heeling, the position of the ailerons must therefore be chosen so that the torque generated by the aerodynamic and / or hydrodynamic aileron is in equilibrium with the torque produced by the wind pressure.
Due to these measures for regulating the heeling of a sailboat according to the invention, the hull may be made particularly narrow in an aerodynamic favorable manner. Such a hull can, for example, have a cockpit for a man sitting in the longitudinal direction one behind the other, for example a helmsman and a picker.
On the airfoils spaced from the hull, preferably arranged at the end of the flow profile hollow body may be provided which stabilize the sailboat in excessive heeling by their buoyancy. Advantageous conditions arise in this context when there is a controllable via a valve flow connection between the two hollow bodies of the airfoils. This makes it possible, in each case at least partially to fill a hollow body with a liquid and, depending on the relative position of the hollow body, to conduct it to one another via the flow connection and the control valve to the other hollow body.
In a leeward heeling of the sailboat according to the invention is due to the symmetrical to the boat body arrangement of the airfoils and thus also the hollow body of the leeward hollow body lower than the windward hollow body.
Is filled in this position, the windward hollow body with liquid and arranged in the flow connection between the hollow bodies control valve, resulting from the weight of the windward hollow body, a torque about the longitudinal axis of the hull, which counteracts the torque caused by the wind pressure about this axis and thus stabilizing the sailboat even at higher wind pressure. Also by this measure increases the sail pressure, which also has an advantageous effect on the ride of the sailboat. In addition, with even greater heeling causes the leeward, empty hollow body after its immersion in the water a buoyancy force, which also causes a heel counteracting torque about the longitudinal axis of the hull. Before a turning maneuver, the control valve can be opened proportionally to the turning speed, so that the liquid flows via the flow connection from the windward hollow body into the leeward hollow body as long as the windward hollow body is higher than the leeward hollow body. After the turning maneuver, consequently, the conditions described above arise again.
In a windward heeling of the sailboat according to the invention, the windward hollow body is lower than the leeward hollow body. Is filled in this position, the windward hollow body with liquid, resulting from the weight of the windward hollow body, a torque about the longitudinal axis of the hull, which counteracts the torque caused by the wind pressure about this axis and stabilizes the sailboat or increases the sail pressure. The control valve can remain open in this case, because the liquid remains in the underlying windward hollow body due to its weight. Is after a turn of a windward heeling sailboat according to the invention again driven a heel side heel, the control valve can remain open during the entire turning maneuver, because after the turn again the windward hollow body is lower than the leeward hollow body and thus after the turning maneuver again the top give described ratios.
The flow rate of the liquid during the turn from the higher lying to the lower hollow body can be regulated via the control valve as a function of the turning speed.
The flow connection between the hollow bodies may be designed differently, for example, the hollow body may be connected via a plurality of, through the two flow profiles leading and adjustable by a respective valve pipes.
To control the flow rate, these valves can be opened or closed either simultaneously or sequentially in proportion to the required flow rate.
For filling a hollow body, the valve may be formed as a multi-way valve, from which a flow connection to a disposed below the hull of the hull, below the waterline filling pipe leads. As a result of this measure, a flow connection can be established between the filler neck and one of the hollow bodies in order to fill the respective hollow body at a sufficiently high driving speed.
For this purpose, the flow connection between the filler neck and the valve may be formed as a hinged in the region of the valve on the hull pipe, which is fastened on the opposite side of the articulation via a cable to the hull. Depending on the fleas of the hull over the water and the length of the pipe, the filler neck can thus be brought below the water surface by rotation of the pipe around the point of articulation by actuation of the cable to fill the hollow bodies.
The hollow body may have for filling via a corresponding vent, for example in the form of a simple vent.
This results in particularly advantageous maneuvering properties when a common aileron control is provided for the aerodynamic ailerons and the hydrodynamic ailerons arranged on the airfoils. This common aileron control is used to control the heeling of the sailboat according to the invention.
Depending on the driving speed, the common aileron control can provide different degrees of rudder movements in the aerodynamic ailerons and in the hydrodynamic ailerons. Due to the comparatively high flow resistance under water, the hydrodynamic aileron is preferably used at low speeds, preferably the aerodynamic aileron for controlling the heeling of the sailboat according to the invention at higher driving speeds.
For example, the rudder movement in the aerodynamic aileron remain the same, while the rudder movement decreases in the hydrodynamic ailerons with increasing vehicle speed. Also, the rudder movement of the aerodynamic ailerons may increase with increasing travel speed. Finally, both the aerodynamic aileron and the hydrodynamic ailerons can be trimmed for a given lift to control how high the hull transits over the water surface, or to provide a more detailed elevator action below.
As a hydrodynamic rudder can be mounted rotatably mounted on the hull around its longitudinal axis for a sailboat according to the invention arranged in the rear region of the hull, downwardly projecting spar. The spar can itself be flat and thus designed as a rudder blade or form a rudder blade for a rudder with an attached to this spar underwater wing. Advantageous construction conditions arise in this context, when the spar is not only rotatable, but also hinged hinged on the hull, so that the underwater resulting Holmlänge can be adjusted by catching up the spar. Of course, other spars can be made recoverable.
In addition, also arranged on the V-shaped airfoils tail can form an aerodynamic rudder.
By the sail pressure not only a torque about the longitudinal axis of the hull, but also due to the force component in the direction of travel, a torque is generated about the transverse axis of the hull. To counteract this torque, the sailboat according to the invention can be trimmed tail-heavy, which can be achieved for example by an arrangement of the cockpit in the rear area.
In addition, the hydrofoil or hydrodynamic ailerons may be trimmed to create a lift that counteracts the torque due to the sail pressure.
In addition to such hydrodynamic elevators can also be provided in the direction of travel in front of the transverse axis aerodynamic elevator that may be formed, for example in the form of an additional tail, the rudder blades are arranged laterally on the hull.
Advantageous power conditions and design conditions arise when such an aerodynamic elevator is formed by two rudder blades articulated laterally in the region of the bow on the hull.
In addition, also arranged on the V-shaped airfoils tail can form an aerodynamic elevator.
In this context, the maneuvering properties of a sailboat according to the invention can be improved if a common elevator control is provided for the hydrodynamic and aerodynamic elevator. This common elevator control is used to control the inclination of the sailboat according to the invention about its transverse axis.
Depending on the driving speed, the joint elevator control can provide different degrees of rudder movements in the aerodynamic elevators and in the hydrodynamic elevators. Due to the comparatively high flow resistance under water, the hydrodynamic elevator is preferably used at low speeds, the aerodynamic elevator preferably being used for controlling the inclination of the sailboat according to the invention about its transverse axis at higher driving speeds.
The common aileron and elevator controls, a rudder control, and optionally a controller for the valve provided in the flow connection between the two hollow bodies can be combined in a common control console. For example, for the rudder two foot pedals and for the control of the ailerons and elevator control stick may be provided with the rudder blades of the ailerons in a lateral movement in opposite directions in the sense of an aileron and in a transverse movement in the same direction in the sense of an elevator together with a possibly provided separate aerodynamic elevator are controlled. In addition, a controller may be provided for the common control for the ailerons, with which the rudder deflection of the hydrodynamic ailerons can be reduced.
Furthermore, a controller can be provided, with which the ailerons can be trimmed independently of the control stick described above, to adjust a certain buoyancy of the sailboat according to the invention can.
Such a controller may be independently provided for the aerodynamic and hydrodynamic ailerons.
In order to further improve the aerodynamic properties of a sailboat according to the invention, an additional tail can be arranged on the opposite end of the hull of the boat, which is designed so that the mainsail with the top, issued sail part to the tail so that the mainsail in the top area flush with the tail unit. This measure reduces the turbulence occurring in the top area of the mainsail and thus the associated aerodynamic drag.
Advantageous sailing conditions arise in a sailboat according to the invention when the aerodynamic and / or hydrodynamic ailerons are controlled so that under a windward heeling of the sailboat equilibrium between the torque generated by the aerodynamic and / or hydrodynamic ailerons and resulting from the wind pressure Torque sets. As stated above results from this measure not only from the wind pressure in the sail a buoyancy generating force component that reduces the mechanical load on the underwater wing but it is also maximizes the sail pressure for the reasons mentioned above, thereby achieving a very high speed of the sailboat according to the invention becomes.
In the drawing, the subject invention is shown, for example. Show it
1 is a perspective view of an inventive sailboat in a simplified, schematic representation,
2 is a side view of the sailboat of FIG. 1 and FIG. 3 is a plan view of the sailboat of FIGS. 1 and 2.
A sailboat according to the invention comprises a hull 1 and two airfoils 2 and 3 projecting laterally from the hull. The airfoils 2 and 3 are V-shaped and symmetrical with respect to the hull 1. The airfoils 2 and 3 each have an aerodynamic aileron 4 and 5 designed as aerodynamic ailerons. At the ends of the flow profiles 2 and 3 facing away from the hull 1, a hollow body 6 and 7 are each arranged. As can be seen in particular from FIGS. 2 and 3, the hollow bodies 6 and 7 are connected by means of a flow connection 8 indicated by dot-dash lines and a multi-way valve 9 which is switched into this flow connection 8. The multi-way valve 9 also serves to establish a flow connection between the hollow bodies 6 and 7 via the flow connection 8 on one side and between the filler neck 11 and a of these two hollow bodies 6 or 7 via the flow connections 10 and 8.
From the hull 1 protrudes amidships a mast 12 with a mainsail 13 and a jib 14 on. In the area of the mast 12, a downwardly projecting spar 15 is arranged on the underside of the hull 1, which has at its opposite end of the hull 1 underwater wing 15, which consists of two rudder blades 17 and 18, which are rotatably mounted on the spar 15 and thus form a hydrodynamic transverse bearing.
In the rear region of the hull 1, a second downwardly projecting spar 19 is arranged, which also has an underwater wing 20 on its end facing away from the hull 1, but not as the hydrodynamic aileron, but rather as a hydrodynamic elevator. The underwater wing 20 therefore has only a single rudder blade 21. The spar 19 is hinged rotatable about its longitudinal axis to form a rudder on the hull 1. Both the spar 15 and the spar 19 are formed in the hull 1 recoverable.
In order to avoid a disturbance of the hydrodynamic elevator 20 due to the water turbulence generated by the hydrodynamic ailerons 16, the spar 19 is formed longer than the spar 15, so that the two hydrodynamic see ailerons 16 and 20 at different height levels but both on the plane of the longitudinal axis of the hull 1 lie.
To improve the aerodynamic properties of the sailboat according to the invention, a tail 22 is provided on the boat body 1 opposite end of the mast 12, which is designed so that the mainsail 13 rests with the top, issued sail part of the tail 22, so that the mainsail 13th in the top area upwards flush with the tail 22.
To accommodate the crew a arranged in the hull 1 behind the mast 12 cockpit 23 is provided with a sailboat according to the invention, which is provided with two not shown in the drawing seats for a helmsman and a boat.
As an additional aerodynamic elevator 24, two rudder blades can be articulated laterally in the area of the bow on the hull 1.

权利要求:
Claims (8)
[1]
claims
1. sailboat with a hull (1), two laterally from the hull (1) projecting airfoils (2, 3) and at least one underwater wing (16), characterized in that the flow profiles (2, 3) V-shaped from the hull upwards protrude and each have an aerodynamic aileron (4, 5) forming aerodynamic tail and / or that the at least one underwater wing (16) is provided with a hydrodynamic ailerons forming hydrodynamic tail.
[2]
2. Sailboat according to claim 1, characterized in that the flow profiles (2, 3) each have a vessel body spaced from the hollow body (6, 7).
[3]
3. sailboat according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that between the two hollow bodies (6, 7) of the airfoils (2, 3) via a valve controllable flow connection (8).
[4]
4. Sailboat according to claim 3, characterized in that the valve is designed as a multi-way valve (9) from which a flow connection (10) to a below the hull of the hull (1), located below the waterline filling nozzle (11) leads.
[5]
5. Sailboat according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a common control for the on the airfoils (2, 3) arranged aerodynamic ailerons (4, 5) and by an underwater wing (16, 20) formed hydrodynamic underwater ailerons provided is.
[6]
6. Sailboat according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that by two laterally in the region of the bow on the hull (1) hinged rudder blades formed aerodynamic elevator (24) is provided.
[7]
7. Sailboat according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that on the hull (1) opposite end of the main masts (12) an additional tail unit (22) is arranged, which is formed so that the mainsail (13) with the top, issued sail part of the tail unit (22) applies.
[8]
8. A method for sailing a sailboat according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that sets under a windward heeling of the sailboat balance between the torque generated by the aerodynamic and / or hydrodynamic aileron and the torque resulting from the wind pressure.

类似技术:

公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题

EP0358888B1|1992-03-04|Sail boat

DE3013411A1|1981-10-08|Catamaran with wind-surfer rig - has angled hulls and angled deck to lift one hull out of water for speed

WO2015144486A1|2015-10-01|Frame device for a profiled sail device and profiled sail device

DE3248049A1|1984-06-28|Hydrofoil sailing vessel

EP3247621B1|2019-04-03|Sailboot

DE69921173T2|2005-10-20|Hydrofoil SAIL

DE2224059A1|1972-12-14|Monohull hydrofoil sailing craft

AT509946B1|2015-08-15|WATERCRAFT

EP0045293A1|1982-02-03|Boat with multiple hulls using sails

DE875617C|1953-05-04|Sailing device

EP2531396B1|2013-12-11|Water vehicle having a profiled element arranged on the bow side

EP0567092A2|1993-10-27|Rig for sailboats

DE3432970A1|1985-01-31|Rig for a sailing craft

DE3011642C2|1982-10-28|Sailing vehicle

EP2769909A2|2014-08-27|Hull structure and hull of a watercraft and watercraft with a hull

DE10306460A1|2004-08-26|Wing plank for sailing boat, has convex curve intermediate section arranged between side curve sections projecting towards water, and main body with varying cross-section profile and predetermined static lift buoyancy

DE102020005337A1|2022-03-03|Hydrofoil for watercraft

DE102018006565A1|2020-02-20|cross sailors

DE102016007399B4|2018-11-08|Vorsegelanordnung

DE1506734C|1972-06-08|Sailboat with at least one hydrofoil system arranged transversely under the hull

DE19510680A1|1996-10-02|Wind drive device for single-hull ships

AT113713B|1929-07-10|Kite sailing ship.

CH681073A5|1993-01-15|Sailing craft - has upper mast boom and upper mast guide, fastened pivoted about mainmast top

DE3231764A1|1984-03-01|Wing rig

DE460399C|1928-05-26|Motor sailing ship

同族专利:

公开号 | 公开日

AT516822B1|2017-02-15|

EP3247621B1|2019-04-03|

ES2733585T3|2019-12-02|

EP3247621A1|2017-11-29|

WO2016115583A1|2016-07-28|

US20180015987A1|2018-01-18|

US10377447B2|2019-08-13|

NZ734414A|2021-04-30|

引用文献:

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EP1412244A1|2001-04-05|2004-04-28|Christophe Van Laethum|Method and device for the aerodynamic control of a multi-hull sailing vessel|

US10099754B2|2017-08-22|2018-10-16|Yujet International Limited|Motorized hydrofoil device|FR3092815B1|2019-02-16|2021-03-05|Paul Henri Adrien Brouzes|Pendulum sailboat with jibe control|

法律状态:
2020-04-15| PC| Change of the owner|Owner name: V REX GMBH, AT Effective date: 20200309 |

优先权:

申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

ATA50029/2015A|AT516822B1|2015-01-19|2015-01-19|sailboat|ATA50029/2015A| AT516822B1|2015-01-19|2015-01-19|sailboat|

US15/544,506| US10377447B2|2015-01-19|2016-01-18|Sailboat|

PCT/AT2016/050007| WO2016115583A1|2015-01-19|2016-01-18|Sailboot|

ES16704380T| ES2733585T3|2015-01-19|2016-01-18|Sailboat|

NZ734414A| NZ734414B2|2015-01-19|2016-01-18|Sailboat|

EP16704380.1A| EP3247621B1|2015-01-19|2016-01-18|Sailboot|

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