• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A forging machine with at least one clamping head (6) for a workpiece (5) and with a rotary drive for the clamping head (6) which can be controlled as a function of the engagement of the forging tools (3) is described. In order to provide advantageous drive conditions, it is proposed that the rotary drive comprises at least one hydraulic motor (11) connected to a pump circuit (12), which periodically supplies and discharges a predetermined amount of hydraulic fluid as a function of the stroke frequency and / or the lifting position of the forging tools (3) is connected to a parallel to the pump circuit (12) connected hydraulic circuit (17).
    公开号:AT516507A4
    申请号:T50870/2014
    申请日:2014-12-02
    公开日:2016-06-15
    发明作者:
    申请人:Gfm-Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    (39933) II
    The invention relates to a forging machine with at least one clamping head for a workpiece and with a controllable in dependence on the engagement of the forging tools rotary drive for a spindle of the clamping head.
    In the case of round forging, the workpiece, which is held by a chuck and driven by means of a spindle, is held non-rotatably by the forging tools during the engagement of the forging tools. To avoid consequent torsional stresses of the workpiece, it is known (AT 278 481 B) to drive the spindle via a worm gear, the axially displaceably mounted worm is axially supported on a spring accumulator. The rotary drive of the worm can thus be superimposed by a worm-rotating drive by the worm gear when the worm is axially displaced by the forging tools when holding the workpiece. The thereby tensioned spring accumulator ensures an axial return movement of the screw as soon as the workpiece is released again. With a corresponding tuning of the resonance behavior of the spring accumulator on the oscillatory drive system thus synchronous with the drive of the forging tools, intermittent drive the spindle can be achieved. To adapt the vibration behavior to different forging conditions, it is also known (AT 396 883 B) to replace the mechanical spring accumulator by a hydraulic spring with an adjustable hydraulic volume, immersed in the acting on a vibrating drive member displacement body alternately.
    It has also been proposed (EP 1 600 228 A1) to provide a rotary drive in the form of a belt drive with a continuously driven drive wheel and an output gear connected to the spindle and to couple this rotary drive with a superposition drive, which rotates about the axis of the driven gear having movable carrier with two pulleys for the drive belt. By a rotationally vibrating drive of the carrier, the belt length alternately extends on the inlet and outlet side of the drive wheel, while shortening the Riementrum on the respective opposite side, so that the consequent rotational movement of the driven gear superimposed on the continuous rotary drive through the drive wheel. Apart from the fact that the design effort of these known intermittent rotary drives for the clamping heads is considerable, these rotary drives are unsuitable for newer forging methods which require higher spin speeds and delays between the operations of the forging tools due to larger angles of rotation.
    The invention is therefore based on the object, a rotary drive for the spindle of a chuck of a forging machine in such a way that arise with respect to an intermittent spindle drive advantageous design conditions and the thereby considered mass forces can be kept relatively small.
    Starting from a forging machine of the type described above, the invention achieves the stated object in that the rotary drive comprises at least one connected to a pump circuit, hydraulic motor for periodically supplying and discharging a predetermined amount of hydraulic fluid in dependence on the stroke frequency and / or Hublage the forging tools is connected to a parallel to the pump circuit connected hydraulic circuit.
    The use of a hydraulic motor, preferably a hydraulic radial piston motor, which develops high torques at low speeds, provides advantageous conditions for a simple, intermittent rotary drive the spindle of a chuck, because on the one hand the mass forces to be considered can be kept small and on the other hand, the possibility exists Pump circuit with a continuous flow of hydraulic fluid a separate
    Hydraulic circuit in parallel, via which the hydraulic motor acting on the hydraulic fluid flow in response to the stroke frequency, but also from the stroke position of the forging tools can be changed periodically by the hydraulic fluid flow of the pump circuit a predetermined amount of hydraulic fluid is supplied to the result and discharged, that the hydraulic motor is periodically accelerated and braked depending on the amount of hydraulic fluid supplied and discharged, so that the spindle of the clamping head can be driven intermittently with a corresponding vote of the hydraulic fluid quantities supplied and discharged via the hydraulic circuit to the hydraulic medium throughput predetermined by the pump circuit. If the amount of hydraulic fluid discharged through the hydraulic circuit corresponds to the quantity of hydraulic fluid supplied by the pump circuit, then the hydraulic motor stops. During standstill can be advantageous to engage the blacksmith tools. However, if the hydraulic motor is stopped only after the tool engagement or accelerated again during the tool engagement torsional stresses are built up in the workpiece, which can be used if necessary to influence the crystalline structure of the workpiece.
    Particularly simple construction conditions arise when the hydraulic circuit has a piston-cylinder unit whose piston is driven back and forth via an actuator, wherein the pressure chambers are connected on both sides of the piston to the hydraulic motor, so that the piston travel in the pressure chambers on the one hand on and on the other side discharged hydraulic fluid quantity of the hydraulic circuit determined. The hydraulic fluid flow rate of the hydraulic motor can thus be controlled by the actuating drive for the piston of the piston-cylinder unit of the hydraulic circuit in the sense of the desired intermittent rotary drive of the spindle of the clamping head by a comparatively small servo valve.
    In order to keep the mass forces to be considered with regard to the spindle drive small, the actuating drive can comprise at least one actuating cylinder, which can be acted upon on both sides via a change-over valve. But it can be provided for this purpose, two opposable actuable actuating cylinder. About the control of the actuator for the piston of the piston-cylinder unit, the hydraulic motor can be controlled in any arbitrary with respect to the dependent on the flow rate of the hydraulic fluid temporal course of the rotation angle, so that result in a dependent of the tool engagement control of the actuator advantageous adaptation options to different forging conditions.
    Of course, to save energy, the actuator can also be coupled with a spring accumulator, so that there is a vibration system that can be stimulated by the actuator depending on the stroke frequency of the forging tools. In order to be able to take into account different resonant frequencies in a simple way, the spring accumulator can be designed as a hydraulic spring accumulator, whose resonance behavior can be influenced by the decisive volume of the hydraulic medium.
    In order to be able to exert special stresses within the workpiece during the tool engagement for influencing the crystalline structure, for the surface course when forging rectangular or square workpieces or for twisting a workpiece, the forging machine can have two clamping heads with rotary drives in the form of hydraulic motors Whose separate from the pump circuits hydraulic circuits are controllable from each other depending, so that different torsional stresses can be built up within the workpiece and maintained during the forging process over different angles of rotation of the spindles of the clamping heads.
    In the drawing, the subject invention is shown, for example. Show it
    1 shows a forging machine according to the invention in a schematic side view,
    2 shows a rotary drive for the spindle of a clamping head of the forging machine in a simplified block diagram,
    3 is a comparison with the embodiment of FIG. 2 changed piston-cylinder unit for the hydraulic circuit in a block diagram,
    4 shows a characteristic diagram illustrating a possible chronological progression of the angle of rotation of the radial piston motor, and FIG. 5 shows a representation of a characteristic curve corresponding to FIG. 3 for a different temporal rotational angle profile.
    According to FIG. 1, the forging machine conventionally has a frame 1 with four forging tools 3 opposite each other in pairs relative to a forging axis 2, which are acted upon by adjusting drives radially to the forging axis 2 and equipped with forging hammers 4. The adjusting drives for the paired forging tools 3 can be actuated simultaneously or at a time interval, depending on the selected forging method for the tool pairs, so that the workpiece 5 is processed simultaneously or in sections by the blacksmith tools 3 distributed over its circumference. The workpiece 5 is detected by means of at least one clamping head 6 end and rotated about the forging axis 2. The clamping head 6 itself is mounted in a housing 7 which is movable by means of a carriage 8 along a guide 9.
    The chuck 6 mounted in the housing 7 is driven by a spindle 10. The rotary drive provided for this purpose comprises at least one hydraulic shock-resistant motor 11, which may be preferably designed as a hydraulic radial piston motor, but under certain circumstances as an axial piston motor. This hydraulic motor 11 is continuously acted upon in accordance with FIG. 2 via a pump circuit 12 with a hydraulic fluid flow. The hydraulic pump 13 of the pump circuit 12 is driven by a motor 14. The drive connection between the hydraulic motor 11 and the spindle 10 is effected in a simple manner via a gear transmission which comprises a gearwheel 15 seated on the spindle 10 and a gearwheel 16 meshing with the gearwheel 15 and driven by the hydraulic motor 11. As can be seen from Fig. 2, it is possible to drive the gear 15 via two associated with a hydraulic motor 11 pinion 16, which allows a hydraulic tension of the meshing with the gear 15 pinion 16 via the hydraulic motors 11, due to their series connection are driven synchronously and allow a small size compared to a single drive.
    In order to be able to intermittently drive the spindle 10 for the clamping head 6 in accordance with the forging conditions, the hydraulic motor 11 is connected in parallel to the pump circuit 12 to a separate hydraulic circuit 17, via the predetermined amounts of hydraulic fluid supply and can be discharged, so that the continuous hydraulic fluid flow predetermined by the pump circuit increases or decreases the hydraulic fluid flow of the hydraulic circuit 17 and consequently the hydraulic motor 11 is accelerated or decelerated accordingly.
    According to FIG. 2, a piston-cylinder unit 18 is provided for this purpose in the hydraulic circuit 17, the piston 19 of which can be driven back and forth via an actuating drive 20. Since the pressure chambers 21 are connected to the hydraulic motor 11 on the two piston sides, an adjustment of the piston 19 in a direction that displaces hydraulic fluid from one of the two pressure chambers 21 and is sucked in via the other pressure chamber 21 with the effect that the continuous hydraulic fluid flow the pump circuit 12, the amount of hydraulic fluid from the piston-cylinder unit 18 and is discharged. Corresponds to the supply and discharge hydraulic fluid amount of the hydraulic fluid rate of the pump circuit 12, the hydraulic motor 11 is periodically accelerated and braked to a standstill after a corresponding acceleration. The actuator 20 for the piston 19 is therefore to control periodically depending on the stroke frequency of the forging tools 3. In addition, the control can also be made dependent on the stroke position of the forging tools 3.
    2, the actuator 20 is formed by two actuating cylinder 22 can be acted upon in opposite directions, which are acted upon accordingly by a control valve 23. Via the control of the control valve 23, the adjusting movement of the piston 19 can thus be adapted to the respective requirements.
    The piston-cylinder unit 18 according to FIG. 3 differs from that of FIG. 2 essentially only in that this piston-cylinder unit 18 is coupled to a hydraulic spring accumulator 24, so that the piston 19 can be operated energy-saving as part of a vibration system , For this purpose, the split piston 19 associated with displacement body 25, which engage in bores 26 of a penetrated by the piston rod 27 between the two part pistons 19 housing 28. These distributed around the piston rod 27 displacement body 25 are supported axially on pressure plates 29, which are each entrained in one direction by the partial piston 19. Since the holes 26 are connected via an annular space 30 with the hydraulic spring accumulator 24, the reciprocating piston adjustment causes an alternating loading of the hydraulic spring accumulator 24 by the two piston sides associated displacement body 25th
    4, the time profile of the rotational angle ω of the hydraulic motor 11 is shown. The characteristic curve 31 shows the time profile of the rotational angle ω in the event that the hydraulic circuit 17 is switched off by a locking of the control valve 23 and therefore the hydraulic motor 11 is acted upon only by the continuous hydraulic fluid flow of the pump circuit 12. When the hydraulic pump 13 is switched off and the hydraulic motor 11 is acted upon via a piston-cylinder unit 18 according to FIG. 3, a sinusoidal profile of the hydraulic fluid flow in the hydraulic circuit 17 results, which results in a sinusoidal profile of the rotational angle ω according to the characteristic curve 32 of FIG , With a superposition of the hydraulic fluid flows of the pump circuit 12 and the hydraulic circuit 17 results for the hydraulic motor 11, a rotation angle curve corresponding to the characteristic 33. With a corresponding vote of the hydraulic fluid quantities can thus be achieved in a simple manner, a periodic standstill of the hydraulic motor 11, as the course of Rotation angle ω can be removed according to the characteristic curve 33, namely at the rotation angles ω, and ω, + ι.
    The time course of the rotation angle ω thus depends on the size and the speed profile of the hydraulic circuit 17 supplied and discharged from the hy likmittelmenge. This means that with a linear increase in the amount of hydraulic fluid supplied and discharged, a rotational angle curve changing linearly between a maximum and a minimum value according to the characteristic curve 34 of FIG. 4 results due to sole loading of the hydraulic motor 11 via the hydraulic circuit 17. A superposition of the pump circuit 12 with a rotation angle curve corresponding to the characteristic curve 31 and thus controlled hydraulic circuit 17 thus requires a rotation angle curve according to the characteristic curve 35 with particularly pronounced downtime at the rotation angles ω, and ω, + ι. By an appropriate choice of the size and speed of the amount of hydraulic fluid within the hydraulic circuit 17 can thus be within wide limits influence on the temporal rotation angle of the hydraulic motor 11 and thus the chuck 6 take a forging machine.
    Due to the control according to the invention of the rotary drive for the clamping head 6, additional influence can be exerted on the microstructure arising during forging, when the forging machine is equipped with two clamping heads 6 according to the invention, as indicated in phantom in FIG. Because of the controllable angle of rotation ω of the clamping heads 6, namely, the workpiece 5 between the clamping heads 6 Torsionsspannungen be subjected, which influence the microstructure of the workpiece 5 during forging.
    权利要求:
    Claims (6)
    [1]
    Patent Attorneys Dipl.-Ing. Helmut Hübscher Dipl.-Ing. Karl Winfried Hellmich Spittelwiese 4, 4020 Linz (39933) II Claims
    1. forging machine with at least one clamping head (6) for a workpiece (5) and with a function of the intervention of the forging tools (3) controllable rotary drive for the clamping head (6), characterized in that the rotary drive at least one to a pump circuit (12 ) connected to the periodic supply and removal of a predetermined amount of hydraulic fluid in dependence on the stroke frequency and / or the stroke position of the forging tools (3) to a parallel to the pump circuit (12) connected hydraulic circuit (17) is connected ,
    [2]
    2. forging machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the hydraulic circuit (17) comprises a piston-cylinder unit (18) whose piston (19) via an actuating drive (20) is driven back and forth, and that the pressure chambers (21) on both sides of the piston (19) of the piston-cylinder unit (18) to the hydraulic motor (11) are connected.
    [3]
    3. Forging machine according to claim 2, characterized in that the adjusting drive (20) comprises at least one actuating cylinder (22).
    [4]
    4. forging machine according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the adjusting drive (20) is coupled to a spring accumulator.
    [5]
    5. forging machine according to claim 4, characterized in that the spring accumulator is designed as a hydraulic spring accumulator (24).
    [6]
    6. Forging machine according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that two clamping heads (6) are provided with rotary actuators in the form of hydraulic motor (11) whose separate from the pump circuits (12) hydraulic circuits (17) are mutually controllable. Linz, on 2 December 2014 GFM - GmbH by: / DI Helmut Hübscher / (electronically signed)
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    AT516507B1|2016-06-15|
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    EP3028788A1|2016-06-08|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    AT290256B|1969-07-28|1971-05-25|Ges Fertigungstechnik & Maschb|Clamping head for forging machines|
    CH440917A|1964-09-01|1967-07-31|Hydraulik Gmbh|Forging manipulation with longitudinal and rotary step controlled block holding tongs and process for its operation|
    US3447349A|1965-08-02|1969-06-03|Paul Lippke|Method of and system for operating a high-speed forging press|
    DE1627616C3|1967-04-22|1973-10-31|Schloemann Ag, 4000 Duesseldorf|Control of the movements of a forging manipulator that works with a forging press|
    DE1627621B2|1967-04-22|1972-02-10|Schloemann AG, 4000 Düsseldorf|Control device for the step-by-step advancement of a tong carrier which is axially movably arranged on a manipulator carriage|
    AT278481B|1968-08-01|1970-02-10|Ges Fertigungstechnik & Maschb|Clamping head for forging machines|
    DE2533055C2|1975-07-24|1984-10-04|SMS Hasenclever Maschinenfabrik GmbH, 4000 Düsseldorf|Forge manipulator with parallel spring-loaded tong carrier|
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    AT396883B|1992-08-13|1993-12-27|Gfm Fertigungstechnik|CLAMPING HEAD FOR FORGING MACHINES|
    DE202004020404U1|2003-06-05|2005-05-25|Langenstein & Schemann Gmbh|Handling device for handling a workpiece during a forming process|
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    AT501482B8|2004-05-26|2007-02-15|Gfm Beteiligungs & Man Gmbh|DEVICE FOR INTERMITTENTLY DRIVING A SPINDLE FOR A WORKPIECE BRACKET, ESPECIALLY A FORGING MACHINE|
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA50870/2014A|AT516507B1|2014-12-02|2014-12-02|forging machine|ATA50870/2014A| AT516507B1|2014-12-02|2014-12-02|forging machine|
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    US14/953,830| US9505050B2|2014-12-02|2015-11-30|Forging machine|
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