• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A method of stopping an electric machine (1), wherein the electric machine (1) is controlled so that an output of the electric machine substantially rests, if, while the output substantially rests, a torque and / or a force the output acts, the torque and / or the force by means of a controlled or controlled unloading movement (E) at least partially, preferably substantially completely degraded and the electric machine (1) is switched torque-free.
    公开号:AT516497A4
    申请号:T928/2014
    申请日:2014-12-22
    公开日:2016-06-15
    发明作者:Alfred Ellinger
    申请人:Engel Austria Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The present invention relates to a method for stopping an electric machine and an electric machine.
    A standard method for stopping an electric machine known in the prior art includes controlling or regulating the electric machine so that an output of the electric machine substantially rests, optionally activating a brake, and the torque release of the electric machine.
    The brake is intended to prevent unwanted movements of the driven device or of the electrical machine itself from occurring after the torque is released. In some special application areas, however, this solution is very difficult or only with great effort to implement.
    For example, in injection molding machines electrical machines are often used to exercise large forces. These forces cause deformations on the injection molding machine. For example, in closing units of injection molding machines, the closing force may cause stretching of spars or deformation of a machine frame. Strong deformations also occur in injection molds and the fixed platen of injection molding machines. These are generated by the pressing of the injection unit and by the pressure of the injected melt.
    The occurring in these applications high, caused by the provision of the aforementioned deformations counter torques or opposing forces, which react on the output, can not be compensated by brakes.
    The object of the invention is to provide a method for stopping an electric machine as well as an electric machine, which allow a shutdown that is less complex than the prior art even with significant counter torques and / or opposing forces.
    With regard to the method, this object is achieved with the features of claim 1. With regard to the electric machine, the object is achieved with the features of claim 11.
    This is done by controlling or controlling the electric machine so that an output of the electric machine substantially rests when, while the output is substantially at rest, torque and / or force acts on the output, torque and / or torque Force by means of a controlled or controlled relief movement at least partially - preferably substantially completely - is degraded and the electric machine is switched torque-free.
    Since there are no subsequent movements when the torque is released according to this method, corresponding safety brakes can be dimensioned much smaller or completely eliminated.
    Preferred embodiments of the invention are defined in the dependent claims.
    For reasons of simplicity, it may preferably be provided that the torque and / or the force acting on the output while the output substantially rests, is measured on the electric machine. In this case, a current or torque signal of a drive controller of the electrical machine can be used, which the controller uses in many cases even for the control.
    The torque and / or the force acting on the output while the output substantially rests, but can also be measured externally with respect to the electric machine. So it can also be used other sensors, which are not part of the electric machine. As an example when used in a closing unit of a molding machine, a closing force sensor should be mentioned.
    In order to ensure a quick and reliable reduction of the torque and / or the force acting on the output, it may be provided to measure a residual torque and / or a residual force during the Entiastungsbewegung.
    Also, the residual torque and / or the residual force can be measured for simplicity on the electric machine or externally.
    The unloading movement can be terminated as soon as the residual torque or the residual force substantially disappears.
    Both for the complete reduction of the torque and / or the force acting on the output, or for the disappearance of the residual torque and / or the residual force can be used as a criterion, a lower limit. If this value is undershot, the torque and / or the force or the residual torque and / or the residual force can be regarded as essentially reduced or disappeared.
    In order to guarantee that actually no Austrudelbewegung occurs, it may be preferably provided to regulate the discharge movement in dependence of the residual torque and / or the residual force or to control.
    The present invention can be used in principle in any electrical machine. However, it is preferably provided for use in shaping machines, in particular their closing units and injection units. Among shaping machines, injection molding machines, transfer molding machines,
    Presses and the like are understood.
    In this case, electrical machines according to the invention can preferably be provided for driving a movable platen, an ejector, an injection unit, a plasticizing screw and / or an injection piston.
    Particularly preferably, the use may be provided in connection with spring-loaded molds, since the charge of the springs in operation an increased likelihood of large movements after stopping the drives - when executed according to a method of the prior art - are to be expected.
    Further advantages and details of the invention are apparent from the figures and the associated description of the figures. Showing:
    1 and 2 are diagrams for illustrating the known in the prior art method and the clarification of the problem,
    Fig. 3 shows two diagrams to illustrate the invention
    process
    Fig. 4 is a closing unit according to the invention of an injection molding machine in C-frame design and
    5 shows a closing unit according to the invention of an injection molding machine in an embodiment with four bars.
    Figure 1 shows two diagrams, in the upper diagram, the speed V and in the lower diagram, the torque M are shown, which are present when resting an electric machine 1 at the output or lie. In period I, the electric machine is first in stationary operation at a constant speed V, which is maintained by a constant torque M (while performing work). During the transition from period I to II, the shutdown of the electric machine 1 is triggered. The electric machine 1 is controlled or controlled such that the speed V decreases to substantially zero. For this purpose, the torque M provided by the electric machine 1 is reversed in the effective direction. As soon as the speed V essentially disappears within the scope of the measurement accuracy, the torque M provided by the electric machine 1 will also essentially disappear. After the speed V of the output is kept regulated or maintained at substantially zero for some time, the electric machine 1 is switched torque-free (during the transition from period II to period III).
    The ideal situation illustrated in FIG. 1 is characterized in that there is no feedback from the device driven by the electric machine 1 on the electric machine 1 itself.
    The situation with a corresponding retroactive effect in the form of a retroactive torque MR is shown in FIG. As soon as the speed V of the output (in time domain II) has been reduced to substantially zero, the drive must continue to maintain a torque M, since the retroactive torque Mr would otherwise cause a movement of the output. Exactly this happens at the transition to the time range III when the electric machine 1 is switched torque-free. The corresponding Austrudelbewegung A (also marked with a lightning symbol) is produced by the retroactive torque Mr. Once the retroactive torque MR is reduced, the Aussudelbewegung A ebbles (by friction and the like) from. Critical here is that the Austrudelbewegung A is neither regulated nor controlled, but completely uncontrolled. Therefore, it represents a security risk.
    The analogous diagrams for carrying out a method according to the invention shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are shown in FIG. After the speed V of the output has been regulated or reduced to zero in a controlled manner, the retroactive torque MR is detected by measurement. If this is significantly non-zero (for example characterized by the violation of a limit value), a controlled or controlled unloading movement E is carried out, the retroactive torque MR is reduced. The unloading movement E is controlled or controlled so that the residual torque MRest occurring is reduced under supervision. The unloading movement E is controlled in this embodiment according to the speed of the output of the electric machine 1, namely as a function of the residual torque MRest ·
    Only after both the speed V and the torque M of the output substantially disappear, the torque release of the electric machine 1 is activated (transition to period III). Here as well, the criterion for disappearance can be taken as falling below limit values. The limit values can be chosen such that the friction occurring in the system prevents movements which would be caused by not exactly disappearing the speed V and / or the torque M.
    The torque release is performed in this embodiment according to the "Safe Torque Off Stop Category 0" of EN 60204-1 from the safety circuit of the molding machine out. This is activated, for example, when an emergency stop is triggered (while maintaining a delay time) or when a protective cover is opened.
    If no safety shutdown is necessary, an internal deactivation of the setpoint torque on the drive controller or a shutdown of the drive controller can also simply be carried out.
    FIG. 4 shows a closing unit 2 of an injection molding machine which has two electrical machines 1 according to the invention. The electrical machine 1, which is located a little further to the left in the illustration, serves to drive the movable platen 5. Two halves of an injection molding tool 8 are mounted on the movable platen 5 and on the fixed platen 7, respectively. In this case, a high closing force is exerted by the electric machine 1, which is so strong that a significant change in the distance Di occurs due to deformation of the machine frame 10. If in this situation - triggered by an operator or by an internal or external error signal - a shutdown of the corresponding electric machine 1 to the interface 4 of the control or regulating device 3 of the electric machine 1 received, controls the control or regulating device 3, the electric machine 1 according to the invention. If this were not the case, the return movement of the machine frame 10 would trigger an uncontrolled movement of the rotor of the electric machine 1 and, more importantly, an uncontrolled movement of the mechanism 11 of the clamping unit. The same applies to the centrally located electric machine 1 for driving the ejector 6. If, for example, the ejection is not yet possible, although the corresponding electric machine 1 has already been activated, there is a change in length of the distance D2. Again, an uncontrolled movement of the ejector 6 would result if the electric machine 1 was not controlled or regulated according to the invention by the control or regulating device 3.
    FIG. 5 shows a figure analogous to FIG. 4, wherein instead of a closing unit 2 with C-frame, a closing unit 2 with four bars 12 is shown. Again, an electric machine 1 (in the figure on the left) for moving the movable platen 5 - in this case by a toggle mechanism 13. The second electric machine 1 is used to drive the Auswerfermechanismus 6. Here, the distance D3 is equivalent to the distance Di and the distance D4 equivalent to the distance D2. Figure 5 is intended to illustrate that it does not matter in the invention, which type is the injection molding machine. In any shaping machines unwanted or uncontrolled movements can be avoided when stopping electric machines 1.
    Innsbruck, 19 December 2014
    权利要求:
    Claims (12)
    [1]
    claims
    A method for stopping an electric machine (1), wherein - the electric machine (1) is controlled or controlled so that a power take off of the electric machine substantially rests, - if, while the output substantially rests, a torque and / or a force acting on the output, the torque and / or the force by means of a controlled or controlled unloading movement (E) at least partially - preferably substantially completely - degraded and - the electric machine (1) is switched torque-free.
    [2]
    2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the relief movement (E) by means of the electric machine (1) is performed.
    [3]
    3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the unloading movement (E) according to a speed - preferably the output - is controlled or regulated.
    [4]
    4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the torque and / or the force which, while the output substantially rests on the output acts on the electric machine (1) is measured.
    [5]
    5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that during the unloading movement, a residual torque and / or a residual force - preferably on the electric machine (1) - is measured.
    [6]
    6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that the relief movement (E) is regulated or controlled in dependence of the residual torque and / or the residual force.
    [7]
    7. The method according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the unloading movement (E) is terminated when the residual torque and / or the residual force substantially disappears.
    [8]
    8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the electric machine (1) according to a speed and / or position - in particular according to a speed and / or a position of the output - is regulated.
    [9]
    9. A method for operating an electrical machine, wherein a signal according to an operator and / or an internal and / or external error signal towards a method according to one of claims 1 to 8 is performed.
    [10]
    10. A method for operating a closing unit (2) and / or an injection unit of a shaping machine with at least one electric machine (1), which is operated by a method according to claim 9.
    [11]
    11. Electric machine with - an output, - a measuring device for measuring a force acting on the output and / or acting on the output torque and - connected to the meter control or regulating unit (3), which via an interface (4 ) for transmitting a signal for triggering a shutdown of the electric machine (1), in particular for carrying out a method according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the control or regulating unit (3) the electric machine (1) in presence a signal to trigger a shutdown so controls or controls that - the output of the electric machine is substantially at rest and - if measuring signals of the meter indicate that while the output is substantially at rest, a torque and / or a force acting on the output, the torque and / or the force is reduced by means of a controlled or controlled unloading movement (E), and that the Steue r- or control unit (3) switches the electric machine after the unloading movement (E) torque-free.
    [12]
    12. Closing unit and / or injection unit of a shaping machine with an electric machine according to claim 11, wherein the electric machine (1) in particular for driving a movable platen (5) and / or an ejector (6) and / or the injection unit and / or a Plasticizing screw and / or an injection piston is provided. Innsbruck, 19 December 2014
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    同族专利:
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    CN105932911A|2016-09-07|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    JPH06237597A|1993-02-09|1994-08-23|Meidensha Corp|Protecting system of manipulator|
    WO2009080384A1|2007-12-20|2009-07-02|Siemens Ag Österreich|Method for actuating a dc machine|
    JPS5541154A|1978-09-14|1980-03-22|Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd|Motor controller|
    JPS58157379A|1982-03-11|1983-09-19|Toshiba Corp|Braking method for generator motor|
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    CN103036487B|2012-12-13|2015-09-09|四川九洲电器集团有限责任公司|For there being the brake monitor of brushless motor|AT519253B1|2016-12-15|2018-05-15|Engel Austria Gmbh|Control unit for a molding machine|
    CN110260484B|2019-06-17|2020-12-15|珠海格力电器股份有限公司|Method and device for controlling starting of fan, computer readable storage medium and air conditioner|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA928/2014A|AT516497B1|2014-12-22|2014-12-22|Electric machine|ATA928/2014A| AT516497B1|2014-12-22|2014-12-22|Electric machine|
    DE102015016621.2A| DE102015016621A1|2014-12-22|2015-12-21|Electric machine|
    CN201511036331.1A| CN105932911B|2014-12-22|2015-12-22|Motor, closing unit and/or injecting unit and corresponding operation method|
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