• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A headlamp for vehicles with at least one laser light source (1), in which at least one of a control unit (12) driven, acting on the polarization of the light electro-optical modulator (4) is arranged and in the beam path at least after the modulator, a polarization element (3, 5 , 17) is arranged. In this case, the laser beam of the at least one laser light source (1) can be directed via a beam deflecting means to the at least one light conversion means (8), which has a phosphor for converting light, and a projection system (10) for projecting the light image (9) generated at the light conversion means. be provided on the roadway (11), wherein the electro-optical modulator (4) in the beam path in front of the light conversion means (4) is arranged.
    公开号:AT516442A1
    申请号:T50815/2014
    申请日:2014-11-07
    公开日:2016-05-15
    发明作者:Emanuel Weber；Erik Edlinger
    申请人:Zizala Lichtsysteme Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to a headlamp for vehicles with at least one laser light source and also to such a headlamp, in which the laser beam of the at least one laser light source is directed via a beam deflection means to at least one light conversion means, which has a phosphor for light conversion, and with a projection system for projecting the light image generated at the light conversion means onto the roadway.
    The use of laser light sources in motor vehicles is becoming increasingly important, since in particular laser diodes allow more flexible and efficient solutions, which in addition to new possibilities of functionality, the luminance of the light beam and the luminous efficacy of the headlamp can be significantly increased.
    In many known solutions, however, no direct laser beam is emitted in order to avoid endangerment of humans and other living beings by the extremely concentrated light beam of high intensity. Rather, the laser beam is applied to an intermediate converter which uses a luminescence conversion material, " phosphor " named, contains, and guided by this light conversion agent of e.g. blue light in preferably " white " Light converted, in particular so that in superposition with the scattered laser radiation, a law-compliant white light impression is created
    From EP 2 063 170 A2, a headlight for motor vehicles has become known in which for illuminating the roadway with a glare-free adaptive main beam certain areas in dependence on other road users or in dependence on environmental parameters such as airspeed; City / outdoor / highway, weather, dusk, etc. can be spared. The beam of a laser is directed via a micromirror which can be moved in two spatial directions onto a luminous surface which contains a phosphor for converting the laser light into preferably white light. By means of a lens, the luminous image of the luminous surface is projected onto the roadway.
    A certain problem can be the often somewhat sluggish behavior of the laser light sources during their activation, in particular switching on and off. This inertia, which is primarily due to the need to control relatively large currents, can lead to safety problems if e.g. an emergency shutdown is required, or can a blanking process, for example, not to dazzle another road user, not be initiated in the required short time.
    An object of the invention is to reduce or eliminate these problems.
    This object is achieved with a headlamp of the type mentioned, in which according to the invention in the beam path of the at least one laser light source at least one controlled by a control unit electro-optical modulator is arranged and the electro-optical modulator is acting on the polarization of the light modulator, wherein in the beam path before and / or after the modulator, a polarization element is arranged.
    Here, it is particularly advantageous if, in a headlight, in which the laser beam of the at least one laser light source is directed via a beam deflection means to at least one light conversion means having a phosphor for light conversion, and with a projection system for projecting the light image generated on the light conversion means the Pahrbahn, the electro-optical modulator is arranged in the beam path in front of the light conversion means.
    It is expedient if a control unit for controlling the electro-optical modulator and the control of the beam deflecting means is provided.
    A proven and cost-effective variant is characterized in that the polarizing element is a polarizing filter.
    Palls the polarizing element is a polarizing beam splitter, there is the advantage that, in contrast to a polarizing filter - no laser radiation is absorbed.
    It is advantageous if the electro-optical modulator is designed as a Pockels cell, since a Pockels cell can be switched in fact purely capacitive, without active power consumption.
    In a recommended variant, it is provided that the at least one laser light source has a laser diode which is accommodated together with an electro-optical modulator in a common housing. Thanks to the proximity of the optically active elements, required switching voltages can be kept low.
    In a variant, it can be provided that two or more electro-optical modulators are arranged one behind the other in the beam path of the at least one laser light source. This is particularly advantageous if a pulse width modulation or an RGB laser system is to be used.
    An expedient development is characterized in that a focusing optics for the laser beam is arranged downstream of the electro-optical modulator. This prevents the laser light from changing its properties before it passes through the electro-optical modulator, so that the electro-optical modulation can be performed accurately and efficiently. It should be noted that, for example, each lens changes the edge polarization of the light due to the spherical aberrations.
    If the control unit is set up to control the laser light source and the electro-optical modulator synchronously, and to activate the electro-optical modulator when the laser light source is switched off in order to block the laser beam, steeper switching edges are obtained, and consequently no blurred image progression, e.g. in auszuschendenden areas of the light image.
    The invention together with further advantages is explained in more detail below by way of example embodiments, which are illustrated in the drawing. In this show
    1 shows the components of a headlight which are essential to the invention and their relationship in a schematic representation in an exemplary embodiment,
    2 is a diagram of an exemplary luminous image and the time profile of driving voltages of the laser light source or the modulator,
    3 shows schematically the beam path with a modulator downstream polarizing filter,
    4 shows in a representation similar to FIG. 3 the use of a polarizing beam splitter, FIG.
    Fig. 5 in a representation similar to Fig. 3 and 4 a polarization element downstream focusing optics and
    Fig. 6 is a laser diode, which is summarized together with an electro-optical modulator in a common housing.
    Figl schematically shows a headlamp with the essential parts of the invention and the beam path of this headlamp, it should be clear that a car headlamp still contains many other parts that its meaningful use in a motor vehicle, in particular a car or motorcycle , enable. Lichttechnischer starting point of the headlamp is a laser light source 1, which emits a laser beam 2. This laser beam 2 now passes through a first polarization filter 3, then an electro-optical modulator 4, which is designed, for example, as a cell of a cell, and a second polarization filter 5.
    The emerging from there laser beam 2 'is now focused using a focusing optics 6 and guided over a trained example as a micromirror beam deflecting means 7 to a light conversion means 8, which has a phosphor for light conversion in a known manner. The focusing optics can be a lens or a lens system and also a reflector system with one or more reflectors, whereby a combination of lenses and reflectors is possible. Conveniently, the polarizing filters 3 and 5 have the same optical properties. Regarding the use of the focusing optics 6, it should be noted that such does not necessarily have to be present; in general, optics for the desired influencing of the laser beam, for example also for its widening, could be provided.
    The laser beam 2 " deflected by the micromirror 7 " generates a fluorescent image 9 on the phosphor of the light conversion means 8 and this light image 9 is projected by means of a projection system 10 of the headlamp, in the present case a lens, on the roadway 11 as a light image 9 '. The term "lane " is used here for a simplified representation, because of course it depends on the local conditions, whether the photo 9 'is actually on the road or even beyond. In principle, the image 9 'corresponds to a projection onto a vertical surface and, as such, the "roadway" is also here. shown in accordance with the relevant standards relating to automotive lighting technology.
    Also provided is a control unit 12, which in turn acts on a laser driver 13 and also on a mirror drive 14. In this case, the laser driver 13 comes on and off the laser light source 1 and also the control or control of the laser intensity.
    The control unit also serves to supply power and to monitor laser emission or e.g. for temperature control and it is further adapted to modulate the intensity of the radiated laser beam. Under " Modulate " is understood in the context of the present invention that the intensity of the laser light source can be changed, be it continuous or pulsed, in the sense of switching on and off. It is essential that the light output can be changed dynamically analogously, depending on which angular position the micromirror of the beam deflection means 7 is. In addition, there is still the possibility of switching on and off for a certain time, not to illuminate or hide defined places. An example of a dynamic drive concept for generating an image by a scanning laser beam is described, for example, in the Applicant's Austrian patent application A 50454/2013 of 16 July 2013. The laser light source in practice often contains several laser diodes, for example six of e.g. 1 watt each, to achieve the desired output and the required luminous flux.
    The laser light source 1 outputs, for example, blue light or UV radiation, and has at best a collimator optics and a focusing optics, the formation of the optics among other things, the type, number and spatial placement of the laser diode used, the required beam quality and the desired Laser spot size depends on the light conversion agent.
    The mirror controller 14, in turn, serves to direct the micromirror of the beam deflection means 7 e.g. in two mutually orthogonal directions in oscillations of constant, in many cases, however, in the x-direction and y-direction different frequency, these vibrations can correspond in particular mechanical natural frequencies of the micromirror in the corresponding axes. It should be noted, however, that instead of a micromirror other beam deflection means, such as e.g. movable prisms, can be used. The control unit 12 also controls the electro-optic modulator 4, wherein in the case of a Pockels cell a relatively high voltage of the order of a few hundred volts is needed to effect the desired rotation of the polarization plane. However, the required drive voltage depends on the desired rotation of the polarization plane and on the size of the crystal used. The smaller the crystal, the lower the driving voltage can be.
    The function of the headlamp according to the invention with the electro-optical modulator 4 will be explained in more detail with reference to FIG. 2, which illustrates an exemplary skimming scenario. In this case, a certain instantaneous luminance distribution of the light image 9 or light image 9 'scanned / projected onto the phosphor of the light conversion means 8 or onto the carriageway 11 is shown in FIG. 2 above. Exemplary angle values are entered in the x-direction H (horizontal) and y-direction V (vertical). Highlighted by hatching is an area A to be hidden.
    Below the luminance distribution, a time profile of the drive signal sL of the laser light source 1 and below two different time profiles of a drive signal sM for the electro-optical modulator 4 are shown.
    The control of the laser light source 1 and the control of the electro-optical modulator 4 work synchronized. For example, a laser drive signal sL for turning off the laser light source 1 and a drive signal sM for the modulator 4 are output from the common control unit 12 due to a masking scenario in a certain area in the image 9 or 9 ', respectively, over which the laser spot of the laser beam is being scanned; which should bring this in a blocking state or weakening state - always taking into account at least one located in the beam path polarizer. This ensures that the beam path of the laser light source 1 is immediately "locked". and no blurred light image due to the slow driving of the laser occurs.
    As soon as the area is to be illuminated again, the modulator would have to be switched to active already in the time required by the electronic control to completely switch back to 100%.
    It should be noted that the example given for a complete ON / OFF state is, of course, also applicable to a scenario in which, for example, of 100% brightness is merely to be switched to 50%, or generally speaking, a dimming is to take place in which as well sharp Ausblendkanten are desired.
    2 shows in more detail first the conventional electrical control of the laser light source 1 from 100% to 0% and then again to 100%. The dot-dashed "turn-on curve" sLl shows the usual switching time, which is set so that the laser light source 1 is safely switched off in the time of the area to be blanked out, whereas the curve sL2 shows the upstream starting time according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.
    When the electro-optic modulator 4 of " Inactive " on "Active" is driven, the polarization is rotated and consequently the beam due to the polarization element locked (or weakened). The electro-optical modulator 4 remains active during the entire time of the area to be blanked out (here horizontally from -2 ° to -1 °). Another advantage of the combination of a control on the one hand the laser light source and the other part of the electro-optical modulator lies in the redundancy of this control, since the laser beam can still be hidden even if a controller fails. Advantageously, the laser driver 13 receives the signal already before the end of the skip scenario to switch back to 100% (curve sL2), particularly preferably exactly the time that is just needed to get from 0% to 100% minimizes that time in which the driving of the laser light source 1 has already unnecessarily finished the switching operation, although the area to be blanked out has not yet been passed through. This example applies mutatis mutandis to those cases in which, as already mentioned above, the intensity is only partially reduced. In this case, the modulator 4 will only partially cause a rotation of the polarization and thus only a partial blocking of the laser beam.
    The bottom diagram of Fig. 2 shows the preferred drive of the electro-optic modulator 4. Here, the modulator 4 is only activated during those times in which the electronic laser driver 13 performs a "switching process". performs. Thus, the system can be used most efficiently, since the modulator 4 here in combination with the electrical control of the laser in contrast to systems with only optical modulation or only electrical modulation of the laser light source 1 does not have to be activated during the entire off blend period and also the Laser beam does not need to be additionally absorbed or deflected by a filter. Therefore arise only during those times in which a sharp Ausblendkante is desired, losses, which then depend only on the nature of the switching edges of the electrical control of the laser light source 1.
    Having described above a specific embodiment and also a particular mode of operation of such an embodiment according to the invention, further variants of the invention will be described schematically and briefly, this list is by no means exhaustive, the person skilled in the art within the scope given by the claims other find appropriate solutions.
    Fig. 3 shows schematically a laser light source 1, from which a laser beam 2 emanates and passes through the electro-optical modulator already described above. This modulator 4 may for example be a Pockels cell, to which a DC voltage 15 by means of a controlled switch 16 can be placed. The functions of the controlled switch 16 and the DC voltage 15 are usually in a control unit, e.g. the control unit 12 of FIG. 1 integrated. The laser beam emerging from the electro-optical modulator 14 passes through a polarizing filter 5 and then passes as a laser beam 2 'to the light conversion means 8 described in detail above. The other parts of the headlight are not described in more detail in this and also in the following figures, since they already exist Subject of the above explanations were. In contrast to the embodiment of FIG. 1, therefore, only a single polarizing filter 5 is provided here.
    In the embodiment of FIG. 4, which otherwise corresponds to that of FIG. 3, a polarizing beam splitter 17 is provided instead of the polarizing filter 5, from which a polarized laser beam 2 'extends to the light conversion means 8. The reflected and unnecessary part of the laser radiation is directed to an absorber 18, which has the task to capture this part of the laser radiation safely so that it does not lead to interference or damage.
    To the polarizer, which in principle could also be a wireframe polarizer, it should be noted that a laser light source generally emits coherent light. In addition, in most laser light sources, the emitted light is linearly polarized, either horizontally or vertically. Advantageously, one uses for the invention such a laser that emits linearly polarized light.
    The first polarizing filter is advantageously configured to pass through exactly that polarized light which the laser light source emits. Since, due to manufacturing tolerances, it must be expected that the laser light source will not emit perfectly horizontal or vertically linearly polarized light and, as already described, the system would not be so efficient, it is advantageous to arrange the said first polarization filter.
    The light emitted by the laser light source is now horizontally linearly polarized, for example. Now, in the active state, the electro-optic modulator turns the horizontally linearly polarized light onto a vertically linearly polarized light, but this still does not cause "blocking". of the laser light, only the polarization is changed. Polglich must be arranged downstream of the electro-optical modulator for an actual blocking of the laser beam, a polarizing filter. Of course, this subordinate polarization filter must then be set up to transmit also the light which is emitted by the laser light source, in the present example horizontally linearly polarized light. Everything else is absorbed or reflected, depending on the nature of the polarizing element used.
    In the embodiment according to FIG. 5, which corresponds in principle to that according to FIG. 3, the focusing optics 19 generally required for the laser beam, which is shown here simplistically as a single lens, is the electrooptical modulator 4, and in this case also the polarization filter 5 , subordinate. As already noted above, this prevents the laser light from changing its properties before it passes through the electro-optical modulator, and the electro-optical modulation can be performed accurately and efficiently.
    At this point it should be noted that in the embodiments according to FIGS. 3 to 5 the laser beam passing through the modulator 4 or a polarization element 5, 17, which is also focused by a focusing optics 19 according to FIG. 5, is incident on the light conversion means 8 , In most embodiments, however, as shown in Fig. 1, before the light conversion means 8 is still a Strahlablenkmittel 7 as in Fig. 1 lie. Such a beam deflection means 7 may be present, but need not necessarily be part of a headlight fers. The invention can thus also be applied to headlamps in the broadest sense, which do not work on the principle of a scanning laser beam. On the other hand, the invention, and this has already been mentioned above, can also be applied to headlamps that do not require light conversion means and, for example, use three laser beams which together give the desired color impression.
    Reference is still made to Fig. 6, which shows a commercial TO housing 20 with terminals 21, wherein in the housing 20 on a support 22, a laser diode 23 and this optically downstream Pockelszelle 24 are arranged. The emerging laser beam 2 'can then, for example, still be focused and directed scanning via a micromirror on a light conversion means, as shown in Fig. 1.
    The electro-optical modulator 4 according to the invention can also be used for dimming a laser beam, if one drives the modulator 4 according to a pulse width modulation. Likewise, dimming may be achieved by varying the voltage applied to the modulator 4, for example a Pockels cell, thereby causing a correspondingly weaker or stronger rotation of the polarization plane.
    Likewise, it is also possible to arrange a plurality of electro-optical modulators in the beam path one behind the other and to drive so that, for example, a first modulator causes a rotation which leads to a dimming or attenuation of the laser light of 25% and another modulator is driven so that it has a Weakening caused by 75%. In this way, you could achieve 4 attenuation levels of 0, 25, 75 and 100% with two successively arranged electro-optical modulators 4 and you need no variable drive circuit for the modulators, but only fixed voltages for switching on and off or enable and disable. In this embodiment, not every modulator a polarizer must be arranged downstream, it is also sufficient single common polarizing filter in the beam path after the plurality of electro-optical modulators.
    Finally, it may be mentioned that it would also be possible to "invers" one of the described arrangements. to use. By this is meant that the electrooptical modulators can be designed such that they are permeable to the laser beam in the active switching state and absorb / reflect the laser beam in the inactive state. However, in this case the modulator, e.g. a crystal, on average longer switched on (active) than off (inactive) and the losses in the modulator by the longer lasting
    Control higher. This too is one reason why both polarization filters should have the same optical properties, and the system uses such that the beam path is blocked by the downstream polarizer in the active state of the modulator.
    List of Reference Numerals I Laser light source 2, 2 ', 2 " Laser beam 3 Polarization filter, first 4 electrooptical modulator 5 Polarization filter, second 6 Focusing optics 7 Beam deflecting means 8 Light conversion means 9 Illuminated image 9 'Illumination 10 Projection system II Lane 12 Control unit 13 Laser control 14 Mirror control 15 DC voltage source 16 Switch, controlled 17 polarizing beam splitter 18 Absorber 19 Focusing optics 20 TO housing 21 connections 22 carrier 23 laser diode 24 Pockelszelle
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1]
    1. headlight for vehicles with at least one laser light source (1), characterized in that in the beam path of the at least one laser light source (1) at least one of a control unit (12) controlled electro-optical modulator (4) is arranged and the electro-optical modulator (4) a modulator acting on the polarization of the light, wherein a polarization element (3, 5, 17) is arranged in the beam path at least after the modulator.
    [2]
    2. Headlamp according to Al, wherein the laser beam of the at least one laser light source (1) is directed via a beam deflecting means directed to at least one light conversion means (8) having a phosphor for light conversion, and with a projection system (10) for the projection of the at Light conversion means generated light image (9) on the roadway (11), characterized in that the electro-optical modulator (4) in the beam path in front of the light conversion means (4) is arranged.
    [3]
    3. Headlight according to claim 2, characterized in that a control unit (12) for controlling the electro-optical modulator (4) and the control (14) of the beam deflection means (7) is provided.
    [4]
    4. Headlight according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the polarizing element is a polarizing filter.
    [5]
    5. Headlight according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the polarizing element is a polarizing beam splitter (17).
    [6]
    6. Headlight according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the electro-optical modulator (4) is designed as a Pockels cell.
    [7]
    7. Headlight according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the at least one laser light source (1) has a laser diode (23) which is housed together with an electro-optical modulator (24) in a common housing (20).
    [8]
    8. Headlight according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that in the beam path of the at least one laser light source (1) two or more electro-optical modulators (,) are arranged one behind the other.
    [9]
    9. Headlight according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that a focusing optics (6) for the laser beam (2 ') is arranged downstream of the electro-optical modulator (4).
    [10]
    10. Headlight according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the control unit is adapted to control the laser light source (1) and the electro-optical modulator (4) synchronously, and to activate the electro-optical modulator when switching off the laser light source to the laser beam to lock.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    EP3215789B1|2019-06-26|
    WO2016070214A1|2016-05-12|
    CN107076386A|2017-08-18|
    CN107076386B|2019-08-30|
    US20170328532A1|2017-11-16|
    AT516442B1|2017-08-15|
    US10408403B2|2019-09-10|
    EP3215789A1|2017-09-13|
    引用文献:
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    AT514834B1|2013-02-07|2017-11-15|Zkw Group Gmbh|Headlight for a motor vehicle and method for generating a light distribution|
    DE102013103410A1|2013-04-05|2014-10-09|Hella Kgaa Hueck & Co.|Lighting device for vehicles|AT517256B1|2015-06-01|2018-12-15|Zkw Group Gmbh|Lighting device for vehicles|
    DE102016117411B4|2016-09-15|2020-03-26|Varroc Lighting Systems, s.r.o.|Lighting system for a motor vehicle with a laser light source|
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA50815/2014A|AT516442B1|2014-11-07|2014-11-07|Headlamp for vehicles with at least one laser light source|ATA50815/2014A| AT516442B1|2014-11-07|2014-11-07|Headlamp for vehicles with at least one laser light source|
    CN201580060388.7A| CN107076386B|2014-11-07|2015-11-05|The headlight for vehicle at least one laser light source|
    EP15804058.4A| EP3215789B1|2014-11-07|2015-11-05|Headlamp for vehicles with at least one laser light source|
    PCT/AT2015/050281| WO2016070214A1|2014-11-07|2015-11-05|Headlamp for vehicles having at least one laser light source|
    US15/523,602| US10408403B2|2014-11-07|2015-11-05|Headlamp for vehicles having at least one laser light source|
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