• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to the flatness measurement and the measurement of residual stresses in a metallic flat product (1). An object of the invention is to increase the accuracy and reliability of existing planarity measuring devices and methods. This object is achieved by a method for flatness measurement of a metallic flat product (1), comprising the following method steps: bending of the flat product (1) in a bending device (3), so that a planar flat product (1) after bending a sheet (5) with a nominal bending radius r0, measuring the contour, in particular the actual bending radii, in the region of the arc (5) of the bent flat product (1) at several positions in the width direction of the flat product (1), and- determining the flatness of the flat product (1) taking into account the measured contour of the bent flat product (1).
    公开号:AT513245A4
    申请号:T50572/2012
    申请日:2012-12-11
    公开日:2014-03-15
    发明作者:Rainer Dipl Ing Burger；Ansgar Dipl Ing Gruess；Helmut Dipl Ing Hlobil；Peter Hunt；Robert Dipl Ing Linsbod
    申请人:Siemens Vai Metals Tech Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    1 201225089
    description
    Flatness measurement and measurement of residual stresses for a metallic flat product
    Field of engineering
    The present invention relates to a method for flatness measurement of a metallic flat product, a method for measuring the residual stresses in a metallic flat product, as well as a device for flatness measurement or for measuring the residual stress in a metallic flat product.
    In the production of a metallic flat product, preferably of steel or aluminum (for example a steel strip), in a hot or cold rolling mill but also in the quality control of the flat product or a plate, it is advantageous if the flatness of the flat product can be determined with high accuracy , Basically, measurement methods that are not touching (also referred to without contact) and that touch (that is, not contactless) are known to the person skilled in the art for flatness measurement. A disadvantage of the non-contactless measuring method (for example by pressure-sensitive measuring rollers) is that the flat product cools due to contact with the measuring roller and can easily contaminate the measuring rollers by scale (especially during hot rolling) or other soiling. In addition, a certain minimum tension is required for the non-contact flatness measurement, which on the one hand suffers the measuring accuracy and, on the other hand, e.g. the flatness of a draft-free tape head or band foot can not be determined. A disadvantage of the contactless measuring method is their insufficient accuracy.
    State of the art
    From the dissertation 2/31 2 201225089
    Fabian Loges: Development of new strategies for measurement and control of strip flatness in flat rolling, Kassel University Press, ISBN 978-3-89958-754-8, 2009. different measurement methods and measuring instruments for flatness measurement are known. How the accuracy of flatness measurement method can be further increased is not clear from the Scriptures.
    Summary of the invention
    An object of the invention is to further increase the accuracy and reliability of existing flatness measuring devices or methods for flatness measurement.
    Another object of the invention is to provide a method and a device for measuring the residual stresses in a metallic flat product.
    The first object is achieved by a method for flatness measurement of a metallic flat product, preferably a rolled product made of steel or aluminum, in particular a steel strip, comprising the following method steps: bending the flat product in a bending device, so that a planar flat product after bending an arc with would form a desired bending radius r0; - Measuring the contour, in particular the actual bending radii r (y), in the region of the arc of the bent flat product at a plurality of positions (y) in the width direction of the flat product; and - determining the flatness of the flat product taking into account the measured contour of the bent flat product.
    Typically, a metallic flat product (for example, a steel strip coming from a roughing mill) is guided in a horizontal plane on a roller table. In the case of the flatness measurement, the flat product is curved in a curved manner in a bending device, so that - assuming an ideal planar flat product - the flat product would form a free arc with a nominal bending radius r0.
    When bending the flat product, it is advantageous if the flat product is bent arcuately upwards. By the term "arcuately bent upwards " should be understood as a bending of the flat product, wherein the center of the arc of the raised flat product in the vertical direction is below the apex of the arc. By bending the flat product "up " For example, dirt particles (such as scale) as well as cooling water are automatically removed from the top of the sheet (especially the vertex), thereby increasing the accuracy of the flatness measurement. Alternatively, the flat product may of course also be "down". or bent in a horizontal plane in the lateral direction.
    Subsequently, the contour of the flat product, in particular by measuring the actual bending radii r (y), in the region of the arc of the bent flat product at several positions (y) in the width direction of the flat product (ie transversely to the transport direction and transverse to the thickness direction of the flat product) measured. In principle, it does not matter whether the flatness measurement is contactless or non-contactless.
    The measurement of the flatness in the method according to the invention is carried out on the bent flat product. Thus, shape or flatness deviations result in a change in the contour of the bent flat product. The contour is measured and from this the flatness is determined.
    In order to increase the accuracy of the flatness measurement, it is favorable if the flat product has a "free arc" at least at the measuring position (ideally also in each case a longitudinal section before and after the measuring position). (i.e., unencumbered sheet). In general, it is favorable if the 4/31 4 201225089
    Measuring position has the greatest possible distance in the transport direction to a - input side or output side - bending device.
    After measuring the contour of the bent flat product, the flatness of the flat product is determined taking into account the measured contour or the measured actual bending radii r (y). Determining the flatness and common parameters for this (eg, "I-unit" (I), "Height" (H), "% Steepness" (S), "% Elongation" (e), and "% Flatness" ( f)) are the expert, for example from Chapter 1 "Definitions of Geometrical Parameters". from V.B. Ginzburg. High-quality steel rolling: theory and practice, Marcel Dekker Inc., 1993. known.
    Typically, after measuring the contour, the bent flat product is bent back again and the bent-back flat product is guided on a roller table to the next processing step.
    Normally, the flatness measurement takes place between the pre-and finish rolling or between the finish rolling and the cooling of the flat product in a cooling section. However, it would be equally possible to measure the flatness after cooling and e.g. immediately before the rewinding of the tape to make a covenant. As a result, the flatness of the tape in the salable condition can be determined.
    In order to assess the flatness of the flat product not only transversely to the transport direction, but also in the longitudinal direction, it is advantageous that the contour, in particular the actual bending radii r (x, y), of the bent flat product at several positions (x) in the longitudinal direction of the flat product, and that the flatness of the flat product is determined for a plurality of positions (x) in the longitudinal direction of the flat product taking into account the measured contours of the bent flat product. 5/31 5 201225089
    In order to achieve a plan as possible in a further processing of the flat product, e.g. When laser cutting, it is advantageous if the flatness of the flat product is stored and taken into account in the further processing. It is particularly advantageous if the flatness of the flat product is stored both in the width direction and in the longitudinal direction. The simplest consideration of the flatness in the further processing is to eliminate insufficient flat areas of the flat product.
    The second object is achieved by a method for measuring the residual stresses of a metallic flat product, preferably a flat product made of steel or aluminum, in particular a steel strip, comprising the following method steps: bending of the flat product in a bending device, so that a self-stress-free flat product after bending a Arc would form with a nominal bending radius r0; - Measuring the contour, in particular the actual bending radii r (y), in the region of the arc of the bent flat product at a plurality of positions (y) in the width direction of the flat product; - Calculate the residual stress ox (y) of the flat product taking into account the measured contour of the bent γ -r (y)
    Flat product, for example, by σχ (γ) = E.sx (y) = E .--. r0
    Typically, a metallic flat product is also run on a roller table before measuring the residual stresses in a horizontal plane. The flat product is bent arcuately as in the flatness measurement in a bending device, so that - assuming an ideal stress-free flat product - the curved flat product would form a desired bending radius r0. For the two steps of bending the flat product and measuring the contour, the statements on the flatness measurement continue to apply unchanged. In contrast to the flatness measurement, the residual stress σχ (γ) of the flat product is calculated from the measured contour, in particular the actual bending radii r (y) over the width of the flat product. The given formula is sufficiently accurate for a one-dimensional stress state (as is common in rolled bands). Of course, however, the skilled worker is also aware of the corresponding relationships from technical mechanics for more complicated stress states, such as a two-dimensional stress state.
    The measurement of the residual stresses in the method according to the invention is carried out on the bent flat product, which allows the local residual stresses present locally in the flat product to be avoided (see FIG. 2b, regions with tensile stresses inwards and regions with compressive stresses outward). Dodge causes a change in the contour of the bent flat product. The contour is measured and used to calculate the residual stresses. r0 -r (x, y)
    In order to assess the residual stresses of the flat product not only at a longitudinal position of the flat product, but also at several positions in the longitudinal direction, it is advantageous that the contour, in particular the actual bending radii r (x, y), of the bent flat product at several positions (x) is measured in the longitudinal direction of the flat product, and that the residual stress of the flat product is calculated for a plurality of positions (x) of the flat product taking into account the measured contours of the bent flat product, for example by ax (x, y) = E.sx (x , y) = E. ·
    It is particularly advantageous if the residual stresses σχ of the flat product are stored and taken into account in further processing. It is particularly advantageous if the residual stresses of the flat product are stored both in the width direction and in the longitudinal direction. The simplest consideration of residual stress in further processing is to eliminate areas with high or inhomogeneous egg tensions. As a result, components can be made particularly accurate. It is particularly advantageous to carry out a prediction of the shape (contour) of a component taking into account the (possibly locally inhomogeneous) residual stresses, so that the component cut out of a plate subject to internal stress has the desired shape after cutting (see also FIGS. 9a, 9b).
    The accuracy of the flatness measurement or the measurement of the residual stress can be further increased if the flat product during the measurement is substantially tensionless and pressureless, i. no or only low tensile or compressive stresses is exposed. In order to achieve this, a sufficient number of possibilities are known to the person skilled in the art. For example, the inlet-side and / or the outlet-side torque of the inlet rollers of the input side bending device and / or the outlet rollers of the outlet side bending device can be adjusted so that the flat product in the measurement is approximately tension and pressure. Should these pairs of rollers be non-driven, the torques from external (i.e., in the transport direction upstream of the infeed rollers or downstream of the idle rollers) could also be adjusted to maintain the flat product at approximately zero pressure during measurement. A tensionless flat product (especially a belt) does not have any tensile or compressive deformations (e.g., constrictions), thereby increasing the accuracy of the measurement.
    A cooling of the flat product by heat transfer in the flatness measurement or the measurement of residual stress can be prevented if the measurement is optically by a plurality of light beams, in particular laser beams, a light beam emitted from a light source to the flat product, the light beam from the surface of the flat product reflected, and the reflected light beam is received by a receiver. The bending radius of the flat product as an indicator of the flatness or residual stress can be determined by the total distance between the transmitter, the flat product and the receiver by the transit time of the light beam, by the phase difference between the emitted and the received light beam or by triangulation be determined. Reflected in this application is also the diffuse reflection (scattering) to be understood on a surface.
    A compact distance measuring device can be achieved when a light beam from a transceiver, i. from a device that includes both a transmitter and a receiver, is broadcast and received again.
    In order to obtain several values for the contour of the flat product in its longitudinal and width direction, a plurality of light beams in the form of a light grid can be projected onto the flat product. The light rays are reflected from the surface of the flat product and the reflected light rays e.g. received from one or more cameras. The evaluation of the images of the camera is preferably carried out in real time.
    A particularly simple transceiver is traversed in the width direction of the flat product (also called traversing).
    Alternatively, a plurality of light sources and a plurality of receivers may be arranged in the width direction of the flat product, wherein the measurement of the actual bending radii r (y) in the width direction of the bent flat product takes place substantially simultaneously. This makes it possible to determine the flatness or residual stress of a moving flat product at several positions simultaneously - transversely to the transport direction. It is advantageous if the distance measurements at the multiple positions are triggered at the same time and evaluated within a sampling step of a measurement or control system.
    The method according to the invention is particularly suitable for a flatness control of a metallic flat product, preferably a flat product made of steel or aluminum, in particular a steel strip, suitable in a rolling mill, comprising the method steps: rolling a flat product in the rolling mill; - Flatness measurement of the actual flatness Pist of the rolled flat product according to one of claims 1 to 3, and 7 to 9; - Determination of a control error e between a desired planarity Psoii and the actual Planhe Pist, e - Psoll Pist '- Determination of a manipulated variable u as a function of the control error e by means of a controller; - Actuation of an actuator in a rolling stand of the rolling mill with the manipulated variable u, so that the control error e is minimized.
    As a result, the flatness of the flat product is maintained at a high level, even under different operating conditions. The actual flatness of a rolled product rolled in a rolling stand of a rolling mill (hot or cold) is measured and the deviation (the so-called control error) e between the desired flatness PSoii and the actual planarity Pist determined. Then, in response to the control error, a controller determines a manipulated variable u supplied to at least one actuator (e.g., a roller bending actuator in a UC or CVC rolling stand) of the rolling stand, thereby minimizing the control error e. By this measure, flatness errors can already be prevented during rolling of the flat product. As a result, waves in the flat product (e.g., so-called "Long Center", "Long Edges", "Quarter Buckles", "Edge Buckles", "Center Buckles", "Side Buckles"), etc., can be avoided; see. Fig. 1.13 "Forms of strip manifest shape " of the o.a. Book of Ginzburg).
    It is particularly advantageous if the aforementioned method for flatness control is carried out at several positions in the width direction of the flat product and the geometry of the flat product is selectively influenced by a plurality of actuators. 10/31 10 201225089
    The accuracy of the measurement of the flatness or the residual stress can be further increased if, at, shortly before, preferably immediately before, or shortly after, preferably immediately after, the measurement of the contour or the bending radii r (y) of the bent flat product, the temperature T. (y) a (longitudinal) fiber of the flat product in the width direction (y) is measured and the temperature T (y) of the fiber is taken into account in the determination of the flatness or the calculation of the residual stress.
    This takes account of the influence of the local thermal expansions of the flat product on r, so that, for example, the flatness or the residual stresses of the e.g. During hot rolling often colder edges of the tape can be determined with high accuracy. The measurement may e.g. done by pyrometer or an infrared camera. Alternatively to a measurement, the temperature distribution in the flat product, e.g. during hot rolling, be determined by a calculation model. This is preferably done online. The local temperatures in the belt can also be determined by a combination of an upstream and / or downstream measurement with a calculation model. The calculation model takes into account e.g. the heat capacity and thermal conductivity of the strip, the emissivity, convection, ambient temperatures and thermal radiation of the environment.
    The object mentioned at the outset is likewise achieved by a device for measuring the flatness or for measuring the residual stresses of a metallic flat product, comprising: an initially soapy roller table for guiding the flat product; - An input-side bending device with at least two inlet rollers for bending the flat product, so that the bent flat product can form a bending radius r0; - A distance measuring device for measuring the contour, in particular the actual bending radii r (y), of the bent flat product at a plurality of positions in the width direction of the flat product; 11/31 11 201225089 - an arithmetic unit for determining the flatness or residual stresses of the flat product, which is signal-technically connected to the distance measuring device.
    By the input side roller table, the flat product is brought to the device for flatness measurement or for measuring the residual stresses of the metallic flat product. By the two inlet rollers of the input side bending device, which are typically opposite in the thickness direction of the flat product, the flat product is bent, so that the curved flat product - assuming a substantially flat in the case of flatness measurement or a substantially inherent stress-free flat product - form a bending radius r0 would. By the distance measuring device, the contour of the flat product can be measured at several positions in the width direction of the flat product. The arithmetic unit - which is technically connected to the distance measuring device - can determine the flatness or the residual stresses of the flat product from the contour of the bent flat product.
    It is expedient if the distance measuring device is an optical flatness measuring device. Alternatively, the distance measuring device may have a plurality of contact rollers offset in the width direction of the flat product.
    In order to prevent the penetration of dirt into the distance measuring device, it is advantageous if the distance measuring device is arranged in the vertical direction above the flat product. Furthermore, it is advantageous if the distance measuring device is arranged in the horizontal direction in the region of the apex of the arc of the bent flat product.
    It is expedient if the device also has an output-side bending device with at least two outlet rollers for bending back the flat product; and an output side roller table for guiding the flat product. 12/31 12 201225089
    The pull of the flat product can be adjusted by the device according to the invention, in which at least one roller from the inlet rollers for bending the flat product and / or at least one roller is designed drivable the outlet rollers for bending back the flat product.
    Advantageously, relatively small bending radii r0 are used in the detection of relatively high-frequency waves in the flat product. For the detection of relatively low frequency waves relatively large bending radii r3 are sufficient. If both high and low frequency waves are to be resolved with high accuracy, a device may have variable bending radii r0 (see Fig. 7).
    Brief description of the drawings
    Further advantages and features of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of non-limiting embodiments. Reference is made to the following figures, which show:
    1 shows a schematic representation of a device according to the invention for measuring the flatness or for measuring the residual stresses of a flat product.
    FIG. 2 a: a detailed representation of FIG. 1
    FIG. 2b shows a side view of the band from FIG. 1.
    3 shows an illustration of an alternative device to FIG. 1.
    4 and 5: a schematic representation of a first and a second variant of the device according to FIG. 1.
    FIGS. 6a and 6b: an illustration of the sheet from FIG. 1 with different band pulls. 13/31 13 201225089
    7 shows an illustration of the device according to FIG. 1 with variable ro and changeable arc length for thin and thick bands.
    8 shows an illustration of a device according to the invention with a bending radius r0 variable over the longitudinal extent.
    FIGS. 9a and 9b: a representation of the influence of tensile stresses in the flat product on a subsequent production process.
    Description of the embodiments
    FIG. 1 schematically shows a device for measuring the flatness or for measuring the residual stresses in a flat product 1 designed as a steel strip. After the strip has been rolled in a rolling stand of a finishing train, not shown, the belt 1 via an input side roller table 2a in the horizontal direction to the input side bending device 3 with a pair 3a, 3b of inlet rollers, which are designed as driver rollers 7 , introduced. By the inlet rollers 3a, 3b, the band 1 is bent upwards, whereby - assuming a plane or inherent stress-free band - an arc 5 with a radius of curvature r0 around the center M is formed. The sheet 5 is free between the contact lines of the inlet rollers 3a, 3b and the contact lines of the outlet rollers, i. he is not led in this area. Above and approximately in the region of the apex of the arc 5 more distance measuring devices 6 are arranged. In the illustrated case, each light source of a distance measuring device 6 emits a laser beam which is reflected by the surface of the sheet 5 and received again by the receiver in the distance measuring device 6. Thus, the distance measuring devices 6 detect the contour of the tape at a plurality of positions y in the widthwise direction of the tape 1. Concretely, the contour of the tape 1 becomes e.g. due to the running time of the laser beam, or the phase shift of the reflected light beam to the emitted light beam is determined, whereby smallest deviations in the contour of the tape can be determined.
    As shown in Figure 2a, a plurality of - here 16 pieces - distance measuring devices 6 may be arranged in the width direction y of the band 1; Alternatively, however, a distance measuring device 6 could also traverse in the width direction y of the flat product.
    After the contour has been measured, the strip 1 is bent again in the transporting direction T by the two outlet rollers 4a, 4b and then guided on the output side roller table 2b in the horizontal transport direction T to a cooling section (not shown). In order not to distort the flatness or the residual stress measurement by tension or pressure in the belt, the belt in the region of the sheet 5 is approximately free of tension and pressure. This takes place, for example, in that the inlet rollers 3a, 3b and the outlet rollers 4a, 4b are designed as driver rollers 7 and the drive torques of the driver rollers 7 are set such that the band 5 is essentially tension / pressure-less during the measurement is.
    The contour, in particular the actual bending radii r (y), of the tape is transmitted to a computing unit, not shown, which determines the flatness and / or the residual stresses of the tape and outputs via an output unit. Here, the distance measuring devices 6 are connected via a bus interface with the arithmetic unit.
    In order to be able to determine the flatness or the residual stresses of the band 1 not only in the width direction y, the band 1 is moved further in the transport direction T, during which the distance measuring devices 6 determine the contour of the flat product.
    From the contour information, which for example is in the form of a matrix (for example, the 16 simultaneously evaluated actual bending radii r (y) of the flat product in the width direction can represent one row of the matrix, consecutive samples of the contour are located in adjacent ones Lines of the matrix), the flatness of the tape can be determined. With regard to the formulas for common flatness parameters, reference is made to the chapter "1.18 Formulas for Strip Flatness". in V.B. Ginzburg. High-quality steel rolling: theory and precision, Marcel Dekker Inc., 1993.
    To distinguish from "above" and "below" the gravitational acceleration g was drawn in FIG.
    FIG. 2 a shows a detail of FIG. 1. FIG. 2 b shows a side view of the unbent belt 1 with 16 distance measuring devices 6 distributed across the width B of the belt 1. Each distance measuring device 6 emits a laser beam onto the belt 1, which reflects off the belt 1 and is received again by the distance measuring device 6. By evaluating the laser beam, the actual bending radii r (y) over the width direction y of the belt 1 can be determined. By evaluating the contour in the width direction y, other shape deviations can also be determined, for example a so-called "saber". (engl, camber) of an inlet and outlet side clamped tape. This manifests itself in an inclination of the contour in the y-z plane.
    The residual stresses in the flat product 1 as well as the flatness due to the contour of the flat product 1 are determined.
    The residual stress σχ (y) of the flat product 1 in the x-direction at a position y in the width direction is γ-γ (y) σχ (γ) = E.ex (y) = E .--, where E is the elastic modulus of h
    Flat product, sx (y) is the strain in the x direction at the position y, r (y) is the measured actual bending radius at the position y, and r0 is the nominal bending radius of the flat product in the device. In a simplified calculation, r0 can be taken as the mean radius r (y) across the width B.
    FIG. 3 shows an alternative to the device according to FIG. 1, in which the band 1 is bent downwards. In order to avoid influencing the measurement by scale or cooling water, the sheet 5 is blown free by compressed air.
    4 and 5 show two further alternatives according to the invention to FIG. 1. In FIG. 4, the inlet rollers have an upper roller 3a and two lower rollers 3b. The same applies to the outlet rollers 4a, 4b. In FIG. 5, the upper and lower inlet rollers 3a, 3b and the outlet rollers 4a, 4b each have the same diameter.
    6a and 6b show the device according to FIG. 1, wherein in FIG. 6a a band tension in the band 1 increased in relation to FIG. 1 and in FIG. 6b a band band reduced compared to FIG. The actual bending radius of Figure 6a, 6b is indicated by r; the nominal bending radius of FIG. 1 is r0. By evaluating the actual bending radius r, the train of the band 1 can also be adjusted in a targeted manner. The sheet 5 between the inlet rollers 3a, 3b and the outlet rollers 4a, 4b also serves as a buffer, so that short-term fluctuations between the inlet and the outlet only lead to low Zugschwankungen.
    In principle, the method according to the invention and the device according to the invention are suitable for thin as well as relatively thick flat products. FIG. 7 shows the necessary changes in the device from a thin strip 1 to a relatively thick strip 1 '. Specifically, the lower inlet roller 3b is slightly shifted against the transport direction T and slightly down, the upper and lower outlet rollers 4a, 4b are - as shown by dashed arrows - each shifted in the transport direction T and the roller 4b symmetrically 3b shifted slightly downwards. Thus, the radius of curvature ro 'of the arc 5' in the thick band 1 'is increased relative to the radius of curvature r0 of the arc 5 in the thin band 1.
    FIG. 8 shows a modified device for measuring the flatness or for measuring the residual stresses in the flat product 1, wherein the bending radii r over the longitudinal extension of the flat product 1 are not constant. Specifically, the bending radius after the input side bending device 3 r0, i and just before the output side bending device 4 is ro, 2, where r0, i > R 0.2. The flat product 1 is wound on a reel 8 after measurement by contour measuring devices 6, not shown. In order to further increase the accuracy of the flatness measurement or the residual stress measurement, the contour of the flat product 1 in the region of the sheet 5 can be detected at a plurality of positions in the longitudinal direction of the flat product 1. The flatness or residual stress is calculated from the contours. The at least partially redundant contour information can be used to improve the accuracy of the measurements, for example, the results of the flatness or residual stress measurements can be averaged.
    FIGS. 9a and 9b show that the knowledge of the residual stresses in a flat product is also important for further production steps. FIG. 9 a shows a steel strip 1 which has a region 22 with tensile stresses and, outside 22, a region 21 without tensile stresses. Further, the sectional shapes 23'-26 'of different components 23-26 are shown, e.g. these components are cut out of the flat product 1 by a laser cutting machine. The influence of tensile stresses on the resulting shapes of components 23-26 is shown in Figure 9b. As shown in Figure 9b, the upper part of the component 24 bends due to the tensile stresses 22, whereby the shape retention suffers. The situation is similar with the upper part of the component 23. In any case, it is clear from the illustrations that the knowledge of residual stresses in the production of highly accurate components is extremely important, since otherwise significant distortions of components can not be ruled out. The sectional shape 26 'was determined taking into account the determined residual stress distribution in the plate-shaped flat product 1, so that the shape of the component 18 corresponds as far as possible after cutting out the desired shape.
    Although the invention has been further illustrated and described in detail by the preferred embodiments, the invention is not limited by the disclosed examples, and other variations can be derived therefrom by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. 10 19/31 19 201225089
    List of Reference Numerals 1 2a 2b 3 3a 3b 4 4a 4b 5 6 7 8 9 21 22 2 3 '... 2 6' 23 ... 26
    Flat product input side roller table output side roller table input side bending device upper inlet roller lower inlet roller output side bending device upper outlet roller lower outlet roller arch
    distance measuring device
    capstan roller
    reel
    rolling mill
    Area without tensile stresses Area with tensile stresses Sectional shape of the components Components B Width of the plane G Acceleration of the earth M Center point r, r0 Radius of curvature T Transport direction x, y, z x, y, z-axis of a product of the Cartesian coordinate system 20/31
    权利要求:
    Claims (16)
    [1]
    Claims 1. A method for flatness measurement of a metallic flat product (1), preferably a rolled product made of steel or aluminum, in particular a steel strip, comprising the following method steps: bending the flat product (1) in a bending device (3) so that a planar flat product ( 1) after bending would form an arc (5) with a nominal bending radius r0; - Measuring the contour, in particular the actual bending radii r (y), in the region of the arc (5) of the bent flat product (1) at a plurality of positions (y) in the width direction of the flat product (1); and - determining the flatness of the flat product (1) taking into account the measured contour of the bent flat product (1).
    [2]
    2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the contour, in particular the actual bending radii r (x, y), of the bent flat product at a plurality of positions (x) in the longitudinal direction of the flat product (1) is measured; and that the flatness of the flat product (1) for a plurality of positions (x) in the longitudinal direction of the flat product (1) is determined taking into account the measured contours of the bent flat product (1).
    [3]
    3. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that the flatness of the flat product (1) is stored and taken into account in a further processing of the flat product (1).
    [4]
    4. A method for measuring the residual stresses of a metallic flat product (1), preferably a rolled product made of steel or aluminum, in particular a steel strip, comprising the following steps: - Bending the flat product (1) in a bending device (3), so that a stress-free flat product (1 ) after 21/31 21 201225089 bending would form (5) with a nominal bending radius r0; - Measuring the contour, in particular the actual bending radii r (y), in the region of the arc (5) of the bent flat product (1) at a plurality of positions (y) in the width direction of the flat product; - Calculating the residual stress ox (y) of the flat product (1) taking into account the measured contour of the bent flat product (1), for example by ax (y) = E.ex (y) = E. ^^ -. ro
    [5]
    5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that the contour, in particular the actual bending radii r (x, y), of the bent flat product (1) at a plurality of positions in the longitudinal direction of the flat product (x) is measured; and that the residual stress ax (x, y) of the flat product for several positions in the longitudinal direction (x) of the flat product (1) is calculated taking into account the measured contours of the bent flat product (1), for example by σχ {χ, γ) = E. ex {x, y) = E.-ro
    [6]
    6. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 5, characterized in that the residual stresses σχ of the flat product (1) are stored and taken into account in a further processing of the flat product (1).
    [7]
    7. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the measurement of an actual bending radius r is optically by at least one light beam, in particular a laser beam, wherein the light beam from a light source (6) on the flat product (1) emitted, the Reflected light beam from the surface of the flat product (1), and the reflected light beam from a receiver (6) is received, and the distance between the light source (6), the flat product (1) and the receiver (6) by the runtime 22 / 31 22 201225089 of the light beam, the phase difference between the emitted and the received light beam or by triangulation is determined.
    [8]
    8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that a plurality of light beams projected in the form of a light grid on the flat product (1), the light beams from the surface of the flat product (1) reflected, and the reflected light beams are received by a camera.
    [9]
    9. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that a plurality of light sources (6) and a plurality of receivers (6) in the width direction (y) of the flat product (1) are arranged, and the measurement of the actual bending radii r (y) in the width direction ( y) of the bent flat product (1) takes place substantially simultaneously.
    [10]
    10. A method for flatness control of a metallic flat product (1), preferably a rolled product of steel or aluminum, in particular a steel strip, in a rolling mill (9), comprising the steps of: - rolling the flat product (1) in the rolling mill (9); - Flatness measurement of the actual flatness Pist of the rolled flat product (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, and 7 to 9; Determination of a control error e between a desired flatness Psoii and the actual planarity Pist, e = PSM ~ Pist '- determination of a manipulated variable u as a function of the deviation e by means of a controller; - Actuation of an actuator in a rolling stand (9) of the rolling mill (9) with the manipulated variable u, so that the control error e is minimized.
    [11]
    11. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at, shortly before, preferably immediately before, or shortly after, preferably immediately after, the measurement of the contour of the bent flat product (1) the temperature T (y) of a fiber of the flat product (1) is measured in the width direction (y) and the temperature T (y) is taken into account in the determination of the flatness or the calculation of the residual stress.
    [12]
    12. An apparatus for flatness measurement or for measuring the residual stresses of a metallic flat product (1), comprising: - an input-side roller table (2a) for guiding the flat product (1); - An input-side bending device (3) with at least two inlet rollers (3a, 3b) for bending the flat product (1), so that the bent flat product (1) can form a bending radius r0; - A distance measuring device (6) for measuring the contour, in particular the actual bending radii r (y), of the bent flat product (1) at a plurality of positions in the width direction (y) of the flat product (1); and - a computing unit for determining the flatness or the residual stresses of the flat product (1), which is connected by signal technology to the distance measuring device (6).
    [13]
    13. The apparatus according to claim 12, characterized in that the distance measuring device (6) is an optical distance measuring device.
    [14]
    14. The device according to one of claims 12 to 13, characterized in that the distance measuring device (6) in the vertical direction above the flat product (1) is arranged and preferably the distance measuring device (1) in the horizontal direction in the region of the apex of the sheet (5) of the curved flat product (1) is arranged.
    [15]
    15. Device according to one of claims 12 to 14, characterized in that the device further comprises: - an output side bending device (4) with at least two outlet rollers (4a, 4b) for bending back the bent flat product (1); and 24/31 24 201225089 - an output side roller table (2b) for guiding the bent flat product (1).
    [16]
    16. The apparatus according to claim 15, characterized ge to ch 5 that at least one roller (3a, 3b) of the input side bending device (3) for bending the flat product (1) and / or at least one roller (4a, 4b) of the output side Biegeeinri device (4) for bending back the bent flat product (1), is drivable. 10 25/31
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    CN104936713B|2017-05-10|
    WO2014090555A1|2014-06-19|
    EP2931447A1|2015-10-21|
    CN104936713A|2015-09-23|
    PL2931447T3|2017-06-30|
    US10081041B2|2018-09-25|
    US20150354948A1|2015-12-10|
    EP2931447B1|2017-01-04|
    AT513245B1|2014-03-15|
    KR20150093802A|2015-08-18|
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    法律状态:
    2016-06-15| PC| Change of the owner|Owner name: PRIMETALS TECHNOLOGIES AUSTRIA GMBH, AT Effective date: 20160415 |
    2019-08-15| MM01| Lapse because of not paying annual fees|Effective date: 20181211 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA50572/2012A|AT513245B1|2012-12-11|2012-12-11|Flatness measurement and measurement of residual stresses for a metallic flat product|ATA50572/2012A| AT513245B1|2012-12-11|2012-12-11|Flatness measurement and measurement of residual stresses for a metallic flat product|
    EP13802274.4A| EP2931447B1|2012-12-11|2013-11-25|Flatness measuring and measuring of residual stresses for a metallic flat product|
    KR1020157018340A| KR20150093802A|2012-12-11|2013-11-25|Flatness measuring and measuring of residual stresses for a metallic flat product|
    CN201380064908.2A| CN104936713B|2012-12-11|2013-11-25|Flatness measuring and measuring of residual stresses for a metallic flat product|
    PCT/EP2013/074563| WO2014090555A1|2012-12-11|2013-11-25|Flatness measuring and measuring of residual stresses for a metallic flat product|
    US14/651,411| US10081041B2|2012-12-11|2013-11-25|Flatness measuring and measuring of residual stresses for a metallic flat product|
    PL13802274T| PL2931447T3|2012-12-11|2013-11-25|Flatness measuring and measuring of residual stresses for a metallic flat product|
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