• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Control handle (1) for a single-axle tractor (2) with a speed setting device (3) for manual adjustment of the driving speed of the single-axle tractor (2) in the forward and reverse direction, wherein the control handle (1) additionally comprises a steering device (4) for manual steering of the single-axle tractor (1). 2) to the left and to the right, wherein the steering device (4) has at least two relatively movable, preferably rotatable, components of the control handle (1).
    公开号:AT513191A1
    申请号:T843/2012
    申请日:2012-07-30
    公开日:2014-02-15
    发明作者:Lukas Schrottenbaum；Gunnar Jochum
    申请人:Lukas Schrottenbaum；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Patent Attorneys · Hofmann Sc Fechner "* · * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *. · · ·. · · · T >. Themas rechnep · 6806 Feldkirch, Austria Egelseestr 65a, PO Box 61 T +43 (0) 5522 73 137 F +43 (0) 5522 73 359 M office@vpat.at I www.vpat.at 24878/34 / ss 120725 1
    The present invention relates to a steering handle for a single-axle tractor having a speed adjusting device for manually adjusting the traveling speed of the single-axle tractor in the forward and reverse directions.
    Furthermore, the invention also relates to a single-axle tractor with such a control handle.
    Single-axle tractors, which are also called Einachsschlepper or Einachser, are often used, especially in agriculture for soil and grassland cultivation. But they also serve to handle transportation tasks or for the property and road maintenance. Usually Einachstraktoren only two driven by a corresponding motor impellers. The one-axle tractors are usually steered by operators who go behind the single-axle tractor and attack the operating beams at their control handles. As a rule, a control handle is provided for the right hand and for the left hand. The Einachstraktoren can carry and drive a variety of attachments. Mower bars, hay tedders, brushes, snow blowers, snow plows, plows and the like are mentioned as an example. The configuration of the control handles, via which the various functions of the one-axle tractor are controlled, is very different in the prior art. They are e.g. generic control handles for Einachstraktoren known in which a potentiometer is used as a speed adjusting device. As a steering device is usually provided in Einachstraktoren with generic control handles that the steering is done via two arranged on each control handle on a hand lever. The hand levers are usually suspended pivotally, as is known from brake levers for bicycles and motorcycles.
    In this embodiment, the operator must therefore operate with the right and with the left hand, the hand lever to a steering of the single tractor 2/20 • · • · ·· «····· ·· · · · · · · · · ················································································································································································································ In simpler generic versions of Einachstraktoren is provided that the entire control handle including Einachstraktor must be swiveled by the operator. However, this solution is very power-consuming and can only be used sensibly in smaller single-axle tractors and 5 smaller attachments.
    The object of the invention is to improve a generic control handle for a single-axle tractor to the effect that it has a high level of user-friendliness and makes it possible to control the entire single-axle tractor with only one hand 10.
    This is achieved according to the invention in that the control handle additionally has a steering device for manual steering of the single-axle tractor to the left and to the right, wherein the steering device has at least two components of the control handle which are movable relative to one another and which are rotatable.
    In other words, it is thus provided that the control handle according to the invention, both the speed adjusting device for manual adjustment, ie manual adjustment, the speed of the Einachstraktors in forward and 20 reverse direction and a steering device for manual steering, ie
    Manual steering, the one-axle tractor is arranged to the left and to the right. As a result, a one-handed energy-saving control of Einachstraktors is possible because both the speed and the direction can be completely adjusted with one hand. Preferably, the steering device according to the invention allows a stepless and / or proportional
    Steering the one-axle tractor to the left and to the right. Proportional means that the movement or the rotation of the components of the control handle relative to each other is proportional to the steering angle achieved thereby. The steering device for manual steering of the one-axle tractor may e.g. be designed as a slider 30 or rotary. Particularly preferred embodiments of the
    However, the invention provides that the control handle has a longitudinally extended, preferably substantially cylindrical, grip piece, which is about its longitudinal axis 3/20
    ·· ········ ·· • · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · • · »· • · ♦ · ♦ ···· · · · 0 Is rotatably mounted, wherein the handle is one of the relatively movable, preferably rotatable, components of the steering device or at least a part of one of the relatively movable, preferably rotatable, components of the steering device. This is then similar to a commonly used in motorcycles 5 throttle grip, but by turning the handle in the opposite directions steering to the left and to the right are possible. The term of the substantially cylindrical handle, which is preferably provided, includes all types of barrel-like grips. It does not necessarily have to be provided that the radius, viewed from the longitudinal axis, must be constant over the entire longitudinal extension of the grip piece.
    The angle of rotation by which the handle is rotatable can be limited on both sides by means of a Drehwinkelbegrenzers. The handle may be rotatably mounted in a bearing sleeve of the control handle 15 relative to this. Conveniently, the
    Control handle a rotation angle measuring device for determining the angle of rotation by which the two relatively rotatable components of the steering device are rotated on. Such rotational angle measuring devices are known in the prior art. It can be e.g. to act potentiometer or magnetic or 20 capacitive rotary encoder.
    When not rotatable but otherwise movable, e.g. displaceable components of the steering device are conveniently provided according to suitable position measuring devices, which receive the steering signal. 25
    It is particularly favorable if the steering device has at least one restoring spring which pretensions the components, which are movable relative to one another and are preferably rotatable, in the direction of a neutral position. It can be provided that the neutral position corresponds to the straight-ahead orientation of the 30-axle tractor. Preferably, it is a two-sided spring load. This means that the at least two relatively movable components, no matter in which direction they previously moved against each other 4/20 ·················································································. ··· J > If they were twisted, they could be moved back to the neutral position by the return spring from both directions.
    The speed adjusting device can in turn be slides, 5 pushbuttons or the like. In the context of the invention, however, it is particularly preferred for the speed adjusting device to be a thumb wheel that can be operated with the thumb. Conveniently, by means of the speed adjusting device, the speed can be continuously adjusted both in the forward and in the reverse direction. Conveniently 10 corresponds to the center position of the speed adjusting device or the thumbwheel of a neutral position or the standstill of Einachstraktors. It is particularly preferred that the
    Speed adjusting device and in particular the thumb wheel engages in this middle position. In terms of intuitive operation as possible, the speed adjusting device or, in particular, the thumbwheel, is advantageously arranged on the control handle in such a way that, starting from the neutral position, a forward advance of forward travel and a rearward withdrawal correspond to reverse travel. Here, too, a proportionality between the size of the adjusting movement at the speed adjusting device and the resulting speed of the single-axle tractor is favorably given. Particularly preferred embodiments of the invention provide that the speed adjusting device has a holding device for holding the set value until the next actuation of the speed adjusting device. This ensures that the set speed, whether forward or reverse, is maintained as long as the speed adjusting device is not adjusted. As a result, the speed adjusting device can be released, if nothing is to be changed on this operating parameter. The holding device can be realized in particular in the form of a friction brake, so an increased frictional resistance 30 for adjusting the speed adjusting device. 5/20 ·· ·· »··· ···· ··· ···················· · · · · · «· · · · ET · · · · · ·
    In order to bring the single-axle tractor as soon as possible in case of accidental release of the control handle in the sense of a safety function, it is conveniently provided that the control handle additionally has a dead man switching device for urgently bringing about a standstill of the single-axle tractor and / or an attachment of the one-axle tractor when releasing the control handle. This will ensure that the single-axle tractor and / or its attachment will come to a halt as soon as the control handle is released. This can e.g. happen if the operator following behind the one-axle tractor crashes or accidentally releases the control handle for another reason. It is expediently provided that when the control handle is released, the deadman switching device stops all movements of the single-axle tractor and / or its attachment and the one-axle tractor together with the attachment comes to a complete standstill. It is not necessarily necessary that the engine of Einachstraktors is turned off. Conveniently, it is provided after releasing the control handle and the action of the dead man switching device that first all movements must be acknowledged before the single tractor and / or its attachment can be moved again. This can e.g. take place in that the steering device must be brought into its neutral position and the speed adjusting device in its neutral position, before the Einachstraktors can be put into operation again. The deadman switch can be e.g. act around a pivotally mounted dead man's lever, when released a deadman button is pressed. It is expediently provided that the deadman switch device is forcibly and / or intuitively actuated when the control handle, in particular its grip, is gripped.
    In addition to the elements of the control handle already mentioned, it can be provided that the control handle additionally has at least one further switching device for switching at least one further function of the single-axle tractor or an attachment of the single-axle tractor. These further switching devices may be e.g. as pushbuttons or as rotary switches or 6/20 ·· φφ φφφφ φφφφ φφ · φφφφφφφφφφφφφφφφφφφφφ ·φφφφΦφ. They can be used to control additional functions. For example, they can serve to switch on and off attachments. It may also be possible that the direction of rotation of an attachment via these additional or further switching devices can be controlled. 5
    In order to have all operating functions of the control handle in the same manner at all times, it is expediently provided that, when the components of the steering device are rotated relative to one another, all the other actuating devices are forcibly rotated during the movement. As a result, the relative position of these various actuating devices relative to one another is not changed so that the adjusting devices can always be found and operated by hand intuitively and without visual control. This allows the operator to direct their gaze to the working area, ie the area to be processed. Stress situations are avoided since it is not necessary to search for operating elements or 15 operating states. After a short settling in, the control handle according to the invention can be operated virtually blind, so that the senses of the operator can concentrate completely on the work area to be processed. In this context, it is expediently provided that the speed adjusting device and possibly also the dead man switching device and possibly also the further switching device with one or the same of the relatively movable components of the steering device for positive movement with this component is positively coupled relative to the other component 25 or are. Furthermore, it is advantageous if the control handle has a common grip position, from which all said adjusting devices can be operated with one hand, without the operator's hand has to be lifted from the control handle or moved to this. Overall, a very ergonomic arrangement of the various adjusting devices is achieved by the invention. 7/20 ··· ································
    • · · · »I • · · 7 * ··
    In addition to the control handle itself, the invention also relates to a single-axle tractor with such a control handle according to the invention.
    Further features and details of a preferred embodiment of the invention shown here by way of example will be explained with reference to the following description of the figures. Show it:
    1 shows an embodiment of a Einachstraktors invention.
    Figures 2 and 3 are perspective views of the control handle of this tractor according to the invention;
    Fig. 4 is a side view of this control handle;
    Fig. 5 is a plan view of this control handle;
    6 shows the longitudinal section through the control handle along the section line AA of Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a rear view of the control handle according to the invention of this embodiment.
    The exemplary single-axis tractor 2 according to the invention, shown by way of example in FIG. 1, has a motor 12 which drives the wheels 14 via the hydraulic system 13 and the adapter 15 for the various attachments, not shown here, via another hydraulic system. Of course, as an alternative to driving the wheels 14 and / or the adapter 15 and mechanical transmission or the like can be used. The engine 12 is usually not necessarily an internal combustion engine. In the illustrated embodiment, the wheels are designed in the form of spiked rollers. The form of training shown here is used especially in steep, mountainous terrain. Instead of the illustrated rollers but also normal tread tires or the like can be used as wheels 14. On the motor 12 supporting base frame 24, the operating beams 17 are attached, which carry the control handle 1 according to the invention and on the other side a second handle and in this embodiment, further displays or pushbuttons. As is known per se in the prior art, the adapter 15 of the single-axis tractor 2 shown can be equipped with 8/20 ·· ··· ···· ··························································· ····························································································································································································································
    The handle 7 of the steering device 4, which in this embodiment about its longitudinal axis 8 in the and relative to the bearing sleeve 22 of the control handle 1, is clearly visible is rotatably mounted. The double arrow 25 shows the two possible directions of rotation about the longitudinal axis 8. If the hand of the operator grasps the grip 7, then the deadman switching device 5 is automatically grasped or actuated thereby. Im shown
    Embodiment, the dead man switching device 5 comprises a dead man lever 19 pivotally mounted on the control handle. When it is released, a deadman key 20 is actuated by pivoting back into the position shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. In this operation, the necessary commands are then sent, 15 which lead to a standstill of Einachstraktors 2 and / or the attachment, not shown here. If the operator grasps the grip piece 7, then in the embodiment shown here the dead-man lever 19 is pivoted downwards towards the grip piece 7. A return spring, not shown here in detail, then pivots the deadman lever 19 back into the 20 position shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 as soon as the handle 7 is released.
    The speed adjusting device 3 is designed in this embodiment as a rotatable in two opposite directions thumbwheel.
    It is conveniently, as also realized in this embodiment, 25 on the machine side, so the engine 12 of the single tractor 2 directed towards the end of the handle 7. This makes it possible to operate the speed adjusting device 3 by means of the thumb, if the hand otherwise the handle 7 attacks. Good to see in Fig. 2 and 3, the other switching devices 6, which are designed here as push buttons. They can, as already explained, e.g. 30 are used to control the attachment. 9.20
    ·· ♦ · ···· ···· ·························································································· ··
    In order to determine the angle of rotation 9 of the handle 7 relative to the bearing sleeve 22, the known per se rotational angle measuring device 10 is provided. It may involve various, known in the prior art per se embodiments. Conveniently, the respectively measured angle of rotation 9 is converted by the rotational angle measuring device 10 into a proportional steering signal. As already stated at the outset, the speed adjusting device 3 is also advantageously designed proportionally. In the exemplary embodiment shown, in the speed adjusting device 3 designed as a thumbwheel, it is provided in any case that it has a holding device, which is based on increased friction in the exemplary embodiment shown, for holding the set value. This set value is held until the next operation of the speed adjusting device 3. In the neutral position of the speed adjusting device 3, which suitably corresponds to the standstill, the speed adjusting device 3 conveniently engages.
    In addition to the functions already mentioned, a brake lever 16 is also provided on the control handle 1 according to the invention in the embodiment shown, which brake lever is e.g. can serve the operation of a parking brake. The known brake lines on the brake lever 16 are not shown.
    Fig. 4 shows a side view of the control handle 1 according to the invention, wherein the longitudinal axis 8, around which the handle 7 is rotatable, has been drawn. With 26 of the pivoting angle of the deadman lever 19 between its fully shown swung-out position and its abutment position, which is shown in dashed lines, respectively. In the swung-out position shown in solid lines, the deadman button 20 is pressed and the machine is brought to a standstill. In the plant position shown in dashed lines, the machine follows the control commands entered via the other control devices.
    FIG. 5 shows a top view of the control handle 1. Here, the pivoting angle of the pivoting angle, which is shown starting from the central neutral position, is particularly well than that of FIG. 10.
    Thumbwheel trained speed adjusting device 3 to see. If the speed adjusting device 3 is deflected clockwise by a corresponding pivoting angle 18, this corresponds to the forward travel, wherein it is conveniently provided that the forward speed is proportional to the size of the pivoting angle 18 starting from the neutral position. By pivoting the
    Speed setting device 3 counterclockwise then the speed is reduced accordingly or when exceeding the neutral position, the reverse drive is performed. Again, the proportionality between swing angle 18 and travel speed applies favorably. By corresponding end stops of the speed adjusting device 3 and the respective maximum speeds are given.
    Fig. 6 shows a longitudinal section through the control handle 1 along the section line AA of Fig. 5. It can be seen in Fig. 6, the rotatable mounting of the handle 7 by means of the bearings 21 in the bearing sleeve 22. By means of the Drehwinkelbegrenzers 23 e.g. in the form of a slot with pin arranged therein, the maximum pivot angle 26 of the handle 7 are limited to the longitudinal axis 8. The return spring 11 returns the handle 7 in the neutral position, if no corresponding counterforce acts on the handle 7. The neutral position corresponds, as I said, favorably the straight ahead of the single tractor 2.
    As already explained at the outset and also realized in the exemplary embodiment shown, it is favorable if the speed setting device 3 is forcibly coupled to the deadman switching device 5 and also to the optionally available further switching devices 6 with the grip 7 or the steering device 4, that during rotation of the grip 7 or of the corresponding component of the steering device 4, said adjusting devices are forcibly rotated. As a result, the relative position of the various actuating devices is always independent of each other from the rotation angle 9 is maintained. 11/20 ··········
    Fig. 7 shows again a view from the rear of the control handle 1. Plotted again are the rotation angle 9, starting from the neutral position. The maximum in the respective direction of rotation angle 9 is reached when the rotation angle limiter 23 stops. Shown schematically is the Mitschwenken the deadman lever 19, but this is in Fig. 7 in the deflected position. The operator grips the handle 7 as in normal operation, this deadman lever 19 is swung down in the manner already described on the handle 7. It is advantageously provided that a rotation angle 9 counterclockwise means a steering deflection to the left. A clockwise rotation angle 9 favorably results in a steering righthand to the right. The angle of rotation 9, starting from the central neutral position, is conveniently proportional to the steering angle actually performed by the single tractor.
    In preferred embodiments of the invention can be provided that infinitely arbitrary radii can be driven. It is particularly advantageous if the drive is slowed down at full steering angle and thereby also reduces the radius of curvature. This can be done so far until at first the inside wheel 14 stops. With further reduction of the speed, this inside wheel 14 can turn even in the opposite direction, making it possible to turn in a standing position as in a tracked vehicle. 12/20 * * • «« «····· | t« • t ··························································
    Key to the reference numbers: 1 control handle 5 2 single-axis tractor 3 speed control device 4 steering device 5 deadman switching device 6 further switching device 10 7 handle 8 longitudinal axis 9 rotation angle of the steering device 10 rotational angle measuring device 11 return spring 15 12 motor 13 hydraulics 14 impeller 15 adapter 16 brake lever 20 17 control handle 18 pivot angle of the speed adjustment 19 Deadman lever 20 Deadman switch 21 Bearing 25 22 Bearing sleeve 23 Rotation angle limiter 24 Base frame 25 Double arrow 26 Pivoting angle of deadman lever 13/20
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1]
    0 Patent Attorneys · * · Hofmann & Pechner **** «· ·« ··· «·· ·· · · · · · · · · Ralf Hofmann · · «· · > Tnbmas f * cnne * 6806 Feldkirch, Austria Egelseestr 65a, PO Box 61 T +43 (0) 5522 73 137 F +43 (0) 5522 73 359 M office@vpat.at I www. vpat.at 24878/34 / ss 120725 13 1. A control handle (1) for a single-axle tractor (2) with a 5 speed setting device (3) for setting the dog speed of the single-axle tractor (2) in the forward and backward direction, characterized in that the control handle (1) additionally has a steering device (4) for the dog-type steering of the single-axle tractor (2) to the left and to the right, wherein the steering device (4) has at least two components of the control handle (1) which are movable relative to one another and are preferably rotatable. 10
    [2]
    2. control handle (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the control handle (1) in addition a dead man switching device (5) for urgently bringing about a standstill of the Einachstraktors (2) and / or an attachment of the Einachstraktors (2) when you release the control handle ( 1). 15
    [3]
    3. Control handle (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the control handle (1) in addition at least one further switching device (6) for switching at least one further function of the Einachstraktors (2) or an attachment of the Einachstraktors (2). 20
    [4]
    4. control handle (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the speed adjusting device (3) and possibly also the dead man switching device (5) and optionally also the further switching device (6) with one of the relatively movable components of the steering device ( 4) is positively coupled to co-movement with this component relative to the other component or are. 14/20 25

    Ml MM ·····························································
    [5]
    5. control handle (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the control handle (1) has a longitudinally extended, preferably substantially cylindrical, handle (7) which is rotatably mounted about its longitudinal axis (8), wherein the Handle (7) one of the relatively movable, preferably rotatable, components of the steering device (4) or at least a part of one of the relatively movable, preferably rotatable, components of the steering device (4).
    [6]
    6. Control handle (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the control handle (1) a rotation angle measuring device (10) for determining the angle of rotation (9) by which the two relatively rotatable components of the steering device (4) rotates are, has.
    [7]
    7. Control handle (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the steering device (4) has at least one return spring (11) which biases the at least two relatively movable, preferably rotatable, components towards a neutral position ,
    [8]
    8. control handle (1) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the speed adjusting device (3) is a thumbwheel.
    [9]
    9. control handle (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the speed adjusting device (3) has a holding device for holding the set value until the next actuation of the speed adjusting device (3).
    [10]
    10. one-axle tractor (2) with a control handle (1) according to one of claims 1 to 9. 15/20
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    AT513191B1|2014-05-15|
    引用文献:
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    EP0242443A1|1986-03-24|1987-10-28|Rapid Maschinen und Fahrzeuge AG|Single axle implement carrier for communal and/or agricultural use|
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA843/2012A|AT513191B1|2012-07-30|2012-07-30|Control handle for a single-axle tractor|ATA843/2012A| AT513191B1|2012-07-30|2012-07-30|Control handle for a single-axle tractor|
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