• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The present invention relates to an adhesive with the addition of liquid wood, d. H. liquid lignocellulosic materials and / or wood, as a component of the adhesive for mass production of bonded wood products having a lower content of formaldehyde and a process for its production. According to the invention, the curing of the adhesive at lower temperatures is possible, whereby energy can be saved. The adhesive is characterized by containing a melamine, melamine-formaldehyde, melamine-urea-formaldehyde or urea-formaldehyde adhesive or a combination of these adhesives and liquid wood in an amount of up to 50% by weight, the Liquid wood is produced from cellulose-containing materials.
    公开号:AT513075A1
    申请号:T94152009
    申请日:2009-05-29
    公开日:2014-01-15
    发明作者:
    申请人:Kemijski Inst；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

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    Adhesives with addition of liquid wood and process for its preparation I. Field of application
    The present invention relates to an adhesive with the addition of liquid wood, d. H. liquefied lignocellulosic materials and / or wood, as a constituent of the adhesive used in the mass production of composite wood products, with a lower content of formaldehyde, and a process for its production. With the present invention, the curing of the adhesive at lower temperatures is possible, whereby energy can be saved. II. State of the art
    Composite wood products are used in daily life. One of the typical and most used products is a chipboard used in the furniture industry for making a variety of furniture elements. Chipboard is produced by a continuous process using wood particles and various adhesives. The wood particles are first impregnated with adhesive, and then the resulting mass is pressed under pressure at 180 ° C or higher, so that the curing of the adhesive occurs.
    Known adhesives used in the mass production of particleboard and hardboard consist mainly of urea ····
    Formaldehyde adhesives. Other adhesives such. As melamine-formaldehyde adhesives, epoxy adhesives and polyurethane adhesives have a number of disadvantages that limit their use or do not allow the possibility of producing user-friendly products, in particular at reasonable costs for mass production.
    Synthetic adhesives based on urea and formaldehyde emit formaldehyde on binding. This applies to furniture, chipboard and other wood products and similar materials for which the above-mentioned adhesives are used. The formaldehyde evaporates from such materials for many days or even weeks. For this reason, a specific smell of formaldehyde can be perceived upon entering a room equipped with new furniture. The high content of formaldehyde is the reason why such adhesively cured products are environmentally problematic and harmful to health, although despite their problems, their use is widespread because of their very low price.
    In contrast, melamine-formaldehyde adhesives are wider and more user-friendly because they contain less formaldehyde in the final products. Because of their higher price, they are less used.
    Because of the harmfulness of formaldehyde, which is very problematic and widespread in products such as chipboard, there are relatively stringent restrictions on the content of formaldehyde in adhesives and products. Standards for particular wood panel compositions in which the use of such adhesives most frequently occurs therefore define the quality of these products in terms of their free formaldehyde emission. In wood-panel compositions which are considered to be environmentally and user-friendly, the formaldehyde concentrations should not exceed values corresponding to the φφφφ * * · · · · «« «« «« ·· ♦ ♦ ♦ # ··· · φ ·
    Emission class E1 are defined. Particleboard and fiberboard most commonly used in the manufacture of furniture should not emit more than 8 mg formaldehyde per 100g plate. The standards defining emission class E1 are SIST EN 312 or SIST EN 622-1, SIST EN 622-2, SIST EN 622-3, SIST EN 622-4 and SIST EN 622-5. In the Member States of the European Community, only plates should be used which can be considered as assigned to emission class E1.
    Epoxy adhesives and polyurethane adhesives do not have the same drawbacks, but their use is problematic because they are two-component adhesives and thus their use is limited. If the user mixes both components, the adhesive must be used within a few hours, otherwise the adhesive hardens and, in the worst case, destroys the equipment. The price of such adhesives is at least twice that of the formaldehyde-based adhesive.
    The curing method of a urea-formaldehyde adhesive requires elevated temperatures, usually over 180 ° C, so that the energy consumption for heating the press plates is high. Any reduction in temperature has a negative impact on the mechanical properties of the products.
    There is therefore a continuing problem in the development of low cost and environmentally friendly adhesives with a low content of toxic components such as formaldehyde. This problem is particularly evident in adhesives used in the bonding of wood and cellulosic material and in the manufacture of products such as chipboard, fiberboard, plywood and other bonded wood products, paper, etc., products that consumers use in the industry are in constant contact. * ft * I ff. *. *. *
    Because of the decrease in crude oil deposits and the consequent higher cost of raw materials for the production of adhesives, various attempts have been made to use renewable sources of adhesives. One of these renewable sources is also 5 liquid wood. Various users have tried to modify adhesives by using liquid wood, e.g. B. by the addition of liquid wood to polyurethane adhesives or by production of epoxies from liquid wood and introduction of the same in phenol-formaldehyde adhesives. These attempts have not led to eliminating the significant disadvantages of these adhesives. Phenol-formaldehyde adhesives with the addition of liquid wood still contain toxic phenol and formaldehyde, while with epoxy based adhesives based on liquid wood, epoxidation, an additional step in the synthesis of making the adhesive, makes them significantly more expensive. Like 15 epoxy adhesives, polyurethane adhesives are two-part adhesives and contain toxic diisocyanates._In addition, these adhesives are expensive and have a limited usage time. This reduces their usefulness and, for this reason, these adhesives are not used in mass production. Polyurethane adhesives have similar disadvantages.
    In this context is on
    Liquefaction of ground bamboo using phenol, the preparation of a phenol-25 formaldehyde adhesive and its use in preparing plywood boards (Fu, Shenyuan, Ma Lingfei, Li Wenzhu, Cheng Shuna, Front, For., China (2006) 2: 219-224 ). 30
    Preparation and characterization of adhesives on the basis of liquefied wood and isocyanates (Shin-ichiro Tohmura, Gai-yun Li, Te-fu Qin, J. Appl. Polym. Sei. (2005) 98: 791-795).
    Hajime Kishi, Akira Fujita, Hikaru Miyazaki, Satshi Matsuda, Atsushi Murakami, J. Appl. Polym. Sei. (2006) 102: 2285-2292), as well as
    Preparation of liquefied bark with phenol, preparation of a resol adhesive, preparation of particleboard (Wen-Jau Lee, Cheng-Tzu Liu, J. Appl. Polym. Sei. (2003) 87: 1837-1841).
    The problem that has not yet been solved in an unsuitable manner is the production of a low-cost, possibly renewable, low-content formaldehyde or other toxic compound suitable for the mass production of products such as chipboard, fiberboard, veneer boards and other products made of composite wood can be used. In addition, the adhesive should cure at lower temperatures than those for the known adhesives, as a higher cure temperature represents a large part of the cost of production.
    Ili. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION a) Technical Problem
    The object of the present invention is therefore the production of a low-cost adhesive, possibly based on renewable sources, with a low content of formaldehyde or 6 ·········. • other toxic compounds that can be used for the mass production of products such as chipboard, fiberboard, veneer boards and other composite wood products. In addition, the adhesive should cure at a lower temperature than the adhesives currently known. b) Solution of the task
    This object is achieved by the independent claims 1 and 4. Preferred embodiments can be found in the dependent claims.
    The present invention provides an adhesive and a process wherein renewable sources such as wood / lignocellulosic materials can be used to make an adhesive having a lower level of formaldehyde in the final products, and at lower temperatures than known adhesives cures.
    definitions:
    Liquid Wood: A liquid product resulting from a reaction of polyfunctional alcohols with lignocellulosic materials, i. H. Materials containing cellulose in more than 40% dry matter, hemicellulose and / or lignin and classified as renewable sources.
    Wood liquefaction: The production of liquid wood occurs in a heated inert reactor vessel using an agitator. In the process of producing liquid wood, one of the incorporated materials is finely ground wood, and similar materials may also be used such as cellulose, cotton, paper, starch or wood remaining after the production of wood components such as lignin, tannin and furfural. The ones used in the production of liquid wood
    In addition to the aforementioned wood and similar materials, glycerine, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, propylene glycol or other polyfunctional alcohols, as well as concentrated sulfuric (VI) acid (98%) are predominantly incorporated materials. ) or paratoluene sulfonic acid.
    The following is an example of a laboratory synthesis of liquid wood:
    A 1000 ml three-neck glass container with ground joint is loaded with 100 g of wood and 300 g of glycerol. 9 g concentrated sulfur (VI) acid is added. The mixture is heated for 1.5 hours at 160 ° C with constant stirring.
    The synthesis product is liquid wood, which is a highly viscous liquid of dark brown color
    Adhesives for binding wood, plastic or other metallic materials: A liquid polymer mixture that reacts at elevated temperatures and solidifies to permanently bond the material to or onto which it has previously been applied.
    The term "melamine, melamine-formaldehyde, melamine-urea-formaldehyde or urea-formaldehyde adhesive emitter refers to various types of adhesives used to bind various materials, primarily wood, paper, textiles and other materials.
    The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the examples, which are in no way limiting for the invention, but show only various uses of the invention.
    Example 1 ···· Γ * ··· ♦ · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · ························································
    The viscosity of the liquid wood is first lowered by the addition of distilled water. A reduction in viscosity is necessary for applications using nozzles as well as for the improved blend with a synthetic adhesive and other components of the adhesive mixture, e.g. An inhibitor, hydrophobic agent, etc. The process for preparing the adhesive is carried out by mixing 50% by weight of urea-formaldehyde adhesive or melamine-formaldehyde adhesive with 50% by weight of liquid wood. Any suitable agitator for mixing liquids with viscosities below 20 Pa * s may be used. The container in which mixing occurs must be made of an acid resistant material. At room temperature, the resulting mixture is stable for 72 hours. The suitable adhesive mixture, i. H. Synthetic Adhesive + 15 Liquid Wood + Additive is applied through nozzles on wood particles in a wood particle impregnation machine. The addition of the adhesive mixture is between 7 and 13% of the mass of the wood particles and depends essentially on the size of the wood particles and the layer of the boards. The impregnation and mixing time is between 2 and 5 min. After 20 minutes of final impregnation, the impregnated wood particles are molded into a wood particle cake. The wood particle cake is applied to a metal foil. The prepared wood particle cake and the metal foil are placed in a press. The binding or pressing time depends on the type of adhesive and the thickness and density of the plate. 25 For a 16 mm thick plate, the binding time is 4 min. The temperature of the press plates is 180 ° C, the pressure is 3 N / mm2.
    Example 2
    Production of the plates 30
    Suitable dried wood particles with a moisture content of 2 to 4% are impregnated. The middle layer with 7.5% of the adhesive mixture and the outer layer with 11.5% of the adhesive mixture. The adhesive mixture is off
    Adhesive: 20 to 75% 5 Liquid wood: 0 to 50%
    Curing agent: 0 to 10%
    Hydrophobic agent: 7 to 15%
    Water: 15 to 20% 10 composed.
    The composition of the adhesive essentially depends on the layer in which the wood particles are used, since the adhesive layer for the wood particles in the outer layers does not contain a curing agent. The impregnation and mixing time is 5 min. After the final impregnation of the wood particles they are in a
    Wood particle cake shaped. The wood particle cake is applied to a 500 x 500 mm metal foil. The formed wood particle cake and the metal foil are put together in a press. The binding or 20 press time is 4 min. The nominal thickness is 16 mm and the nominal density is 0.7 g / cm3. The temperature of the heating plates is set to 180 ° C and the pressure is 3 N / mm2.
    After completion of the pressing and conditioning, which takes 5 days, 25 some tests were carried out regarding the mechanical and physical properties of the plates:
    Table 1. Mechanical and physical properties of boards with an adhesive content of 50% by weight of liquid wood. 30
    Target values Reached or actual values Urea formaldehyde Achieved or actual values Melamine-formaldehyde Peel strength SISTEN 319 above 0.35 0.40 0.49 Surface strength SIST EN 310 above 0.8 1.02 0.95 Thickness / swelling SIST EN 317 no requirements 44,28 22,5 Free formaldehyde content Perforator method SIST EN 120 less than 8 5,68 3,63
    权利要求:
    Claims (4)
    [1]
    ···························································································································································································································································· Use in the manufacture of adhesives used in wood products, characterized by containing melamine, melamine-formaldehyde, melamine-urea-formaldehyde or urea-formaldehyde adhesives or a combination of these adhesives and up to 50% by weight of added liquid wood wherein the liquid wood consists of cellulose-containing materials.
    [2]
    2. Adhesive according to claim 1, characterized in that the liquid wood from lignocellulosic materials such as plant stems, especially wood, straw, hay, bark and needles, leaves, fruits, 15 seed shells, cones, paper, starch, cotton, cellulose, wood flour, Products, and waste from these. Materials or wood residues in the production of wood components such as lignin, tannin and furfural.
    [3]
    3. Adhesive according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the bonding temperature of the adhesive is below 180 ° C.
    4. A method for producing a liquid wood-based adhesive, characterized in that urea-formaldehyde-adhesive or melamine-formaldehyde adhesive or melamine-urea-formaldehyde adhesive is mixed with liquid wood, wherein the viscosity of the liquid wood previously by the addition of distilled Water is reduced, and a stirring device is used, which is suitable for stirring liquids with viscosities 30 under 20 Pa * s and wherein for mixing the mixture, a container consisting of an acid-resistant material is used. • • ······································································································································································································

    PATENT CLAIMS 1. An adhesive used with the addition of liquid wood for use in the manufacture of wood products characterized by containing melamine, melamine-formaldehyde, melamine-urea-formaldehyde or urea-formaldehyde adhesives or a combination of these adhesives and bis to 50 wt .-% added 10 liquid wood, wherein the liquid wood consists of cellulosic materials. 2. Adhesive according to claim 1, characterized in that the liquid wood from lignocellulosic materials such as plant stems, 15 in particular wood, straw, hay, bark and needles, leaves, fruits, seed shells, cones, paper, starch, cotton, cellulose, wood flour, Products and waste made from these materials or wood residues in the manufacture of wood components such as lignin, tannin and furfural. 20 3. Adhesive according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the bonding temperature of the adhesive is below 180 ° C.
    [4]
    4. A process for producing a liquid wood-based adhesive, characterized in that urea-formaldehyde adhesive or melamine-formaldehyde adhesive or melamine-urea-formaldehyde adhesive is mixed with liquid wood, wherein the viscosity of the liquid wood previously by the addition of distilled Water is reduced, and an agitator 30 is used, which is suitable for stirring liquids with viscosities below 20 Pa * s and wherein for mixing the mixture, a container consisting of an acid-resistant material is used. SUBSEQUENT
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
    EP0712428B1|1998-03-18|Moulding made from or including an environmentally acceptable material, a process for manufacturing the same, and the use of said moulding
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    DE3150626A1|1983-03-17|ADHESIVE MATERIAL, PRINTABLE LIGNOCELLULOSIC COMPOSITION, COMPOSITE PLATE THEREOF AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING LIGNOCELLULOSIC COMPOSITES
    DE4334422A1|1995-04-13|Extender for wood-based binders and process for its manufacture
    EP2111959A2|2009-10-28|Method for producing wooden materials and wooden materials
    AT513075B1|2015-03-15|ADHESIVE WITH ADDITION OF LIQUID WOOD AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF
    DE2820907C3|1986-06-19|Gluing process with curable formaldehyde-based adhesives and hardener composition
    DE3933279C1|1990-07-19|
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    EP0648807B1|1998-05-13|Binding agent based on tannin
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    EP0639608B1|1998-09-09|Thermosetting binder
    EP0127767B1|1987-06-24|Method of glueing massive wood, and a glue resin containing polysaccharide
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    DE2835752C2|1988-04-14|
    DE4406825A1|1995-04-20|Binder based on tannin
    DE1248842B|1967-08-31|Glue for making laminated wood products
    DE10060253B4|2004-05-06|Modifier for wood-based glue or wood-based glue systems based on formaldehyde and the use of the same
    WO2001085411A1|2001-11-15|Method for producing a binder solution
    DE819971C|1951-11-05|Shaped bodies for the construction industry and processes for its manufacture and further processing
    DE1198539B|1965-08-12|Process for the production of chipboard and chipboard bodies
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    SI22912A|2010-05-31|
    AT513075B1|2015-03-15|
    WO2010056213A1|2010-05-20|
    DE112009002726T5|2013-03-07|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US2487766A|1946-12-20|1949-11-08|American Cyanamid Co|Adhesive containing sodium salt of carboxymethylcellulose and urea or melamine formaldehyde|
    US20020132972A1|1998-01-30|2002-09-19|Ensyn Group Inc.|Novel natural resin formulations|
    SI21883A|2004-09-08|2006-04-30|Biotehniska Fakulteta, Oddelek Za Lesarstvo|Procedure of liquefaction of wood and wood wastes with polyols and acids|US9133374B2|2012-05-03|2015-09-15|Georgia-Pacific Chemicals Llc|Resin systems for making composite products|
    CN104789173B|2015-03-30|2017-03-29|广西宾阳县荣良新材料科技有限公司|A kind of fire-retardant furfural modified urea-formaldehyde resin floor glue|
    WO2017205698A1|2016-05-26|2017-11-30|Georgia-Pacific Chemicals Llc|Binders containing an aldehyde-based resin and an isocyanate-based resin and methods for making composite lignocellulose products therefrom|
    法律状态:
    2016-01-15| MM01| Lapse because of not paying annual fees|Effective date: 20150529 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    SI200800283A|SI22912A|2008-11-17|2008-11-17|Adhesive with addition of liquid wood and procedure of its manufacture|
    PCT/SI2009/000023|WO2010056213A1|2008-11-17|2009-05-29|Adhesive with the addition of liquid wood and the process of its preparation|
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