• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a drive unit (1) for an electrically driven vehicle, comprising an electric machine (2) and a transmission (4) having a first sun gear (11), at least one first planet gear (13) and a first ring gear (12). first planetary gear set (10), and a second planetary gear set (20) having a second sun gear (21), at least a second planetary gear (23) and a second ring gear (22), said first and second sun gears (11, 21) being coaxial are arranged and the first and second planet gears (13, 23) are rotatably mounted on a common planet carrier (6), and wherein the drive shaft (3) of the electric machine (2) with the first sun gear (11) is drive-connected, and at least one Ring gear (12, 22) via a braking device (14, 24) is festhaltbar. In order to create a compact and space-saving drive unit in the simplest possible way, it is provided that the second sun gear (21) of the second planetary gear set (20) is connected to an output shaft (5) and that at least one first planetary gear (13) of the first planetary gear set (20). 10) - preferably rigidly - with a second planetary gear (23) of the second planetary gear set (20) is rotatably connected.
    公开号:AT512942A4
    申请号:T503372012
    申请日:2012-08-24
    公开日:2013-12-15
    发明作者:Jozef Karel Irma Vermeulen
    申请人:Avl List Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    56472
    The invention relates to a drive unit for an electrically driven vehicle, comprising an electric machine and a transmission having a first planetary gear set having a first sun gear, at least a first planet gear and a first ring gear, and a second sun gear, at least one second planet gear and a second ring gear having second Planetengetrieberadsatz, wherein the first and the second sun gear are arranged coaxially and the first and second planet gears are rotatably mounted on a common planet carrier, and wherein the drive shaft of the electric machine is drivingly connected to the first sun gear, and at least one ring gear via a braking device festhaltbar is.
    Electric drive units for vehicles are required to produce high torque levels at low RPM, but this requires large and heavy battery packs to provide the necessary amperage. Conventional electric machines have speeds up to 6000 rpm, which limits the top speed of electrically powered vehicles without · gear ratio. By contrast, newer generations of electric motors can be operated at speeds well above 10,000 rpm, but the gearboxes with rigid transmission ratios require technically complex bearings which can absorb both radial and axial loads at high speeds. Drive units with such fast-rotating electrical machines are relatively expensive, expensive and require a relatively large amount of space.
    There is thus a need for a compact and inexpensive electric drive unit with a transmission with at least two gear ratios.
    DE 10 2009 041 085 A1 discloses an automatic transmission for a motor vehicle having a first planetary gear set and having a second planetary gear set and at least one switching element, the two planetary gear sets each having a ring gear, at least one planetary gear and a sun gear. The ring gears of the planetary gear sets are " can be fixed in each case via a brake device. The planet gear of the first planetary gear set and the planetary gear of the second planetary gear set can be connected via a clutch. 2
    Drive units with at least one electric machine and two planetary gear sets are further known from the publications DE 10 2010 031 744 A1, DE 10 2010 031 746 A1, DE 10 2010 031 747 A1 and DE 10 2010 032 256 A1.
    The object of the invention is to develop a compact and space-saving drive unit with which at least two different gear ratios are possible and which has few components.
    According to the invention this is achieved in that the second Sonnenräd the second planetary gear set is connected to an output shaft and that at least a first planetary gear of the first planetary gear set - preferably rigidly - is rotatably connected to a second planetary gear of the second planetary gear set.
    Due to the fact that the output shaft of the electric machine acts on the first sun gear, essentially only axial forces need to be absorbed by the bearings. Thus, electrical machines with high speed, for example, over 10,000 rev / min, can be used.
    In this case, the first ring gear of the first Planetengetrieberadsatzes via a first brake device and / or the second ring gear of the second Planetengetrieberadsatzes via a second braking device be held. As a result, a first and possibly also a second gear ratio can be realized.
    Furthermore, it can be provided that the common planet carrier of the first and second Pianetengetriebesatzes is festhaltbar via a third braking device is £. As a result, two or three gear ratios can be realized. In two shiftable gear ratio stages advantageously either the first or the second brake device is installed in combination with the third brake device. If three shiftable gear ratios are desired, the first, second and third brake devices are installed.
    In a further embodiment of the invention can be provided that the first ring gear and the first sun fixed via a switchable coupling with each other
    3 are drehverbindbar. This allows - in combination with the three braking devices - realize a fourth shaded translation stage.
    In order to enable a practical transmission spread and harmonic gear ratios in a simple manner, it is advantageous if the two planetary gear sets have different gear ratios.
    The speed ratio of the planetary gear sets results from the peak speed of the electric machine and the vehicle characteristics.
    Different transmission ratios in the drive train are necessary in order to realize both optimal acceleration behavior and optimal behavior at top speeds. In addition, there is the advantage that the size of the electric machine and the motor control can be kept small by using multiple switchable gear ratios. Furthermore, the engine speed can be reduced at high speeds of the vehicle, which can improve the efficiency and the noise behaving.
    By using two to three braking devices, two to three gear stages can be realized without the use of rotating couplings. This simplifies the hydraulic seal during hydraulic actuation: In addition, friction losses are avoided.
    By using the coupling between the first sun gear and the ring gear, a fourth gear stage (1: 1 direct drive) can also be realized for high driving speeds. In this case, the first planetary gear set is locked, the braking devices are open. As a clutch, a multi-plate clutch, a dog clutch or a synchronizer ring system can be used.
    The variety of gear ratios enables a high Rekuperationswirkungsgrad during braking operation, since the electric machine can be maintained even at decreasing vehicle speed at high speeds. This significantly improves the overall efficiency and increases the range of the vehicle.
    The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to FIGS.
    Fig. 1 shows schematically a powertrain according to the invention, ΡίΙ ^ 2 $ ρί & 7
    Show it
    Fig. 2 shows the drive train in a first embodiment and
    Fig. 3 shows the drive train in a second embodiment.
    The drive train 1 for an electrically operated vehicle has an electric machine 2, whose drive shaft 3 acts via a gear 4 on an output shaft 5 for driving the vehicle. The transmission 4 has a first planetary gear set 10 with a first sun gear 11, a first ring gear 12 and at least one first planet gear 13, which meshes with the first sun gear 11 and the first ring gear 12 in meshing engagement.
    The second Planetengetrieberadsatz 20 has a second sun gear 21, a second ring gear 22 and at least a second planetary gear 23, which is in meshing engagement with the second sun gear 21 and the second ring gear 22.
    The first planetary gear 13 and the second planetary gear 23 are rotatably connected to each other and rotatably supported on a common planet carrier 6.
    The first ring gear 12 may be retained via a first brake device 14, the second ring gear 22 via a second brake device 24. Furthermore, the planet carrier 6 can be held by a third braking device 34. By alternately operating one of the brake devices 14, 24, 34 and deactivating the two other brake devices, three gear stages G1, G2, G3 can be realized with different speed ratios.
    Another gear G4 can be realized when the first sun gear 11 and the drive shaft 3 of the electric machine 2 via a clutch 44 with the first ring gear 12 is firmly connected, whereby the first planetary gear 10 is locked. In this way, a direct Durchtrleb with the speed ratio 1: 1 between the drive shaft 3 and the output shaft 5 can be achieved.
    The gear ratios of the first, second and third gears Gl, G2, G3 depend on the design-related gear ratios of the first planetary gear set 10 and the second planetary gear set 20, respectively, which are different. For switching the first gear G1, the first brake device 14 is activated and the two other brake devices 24 and 34 and the clutch 44 are deactivated. For switching the second gear G2, the second brake device 24 is activated and the other two brake devices 14 and 34, and the clutch 44 is deactivated. For switching the third gear G3, the third brake device 34 is activated and the other two brake devices 14 and 24, and the clutch 44 is deactivated. In the fourth gear G4 only the clutch 44 is activated and the brake devices 14, 24 and 34 are deactivated.
    The braking devices 14, 24, 34, and the clutch 44 may be formed as multi-plate clutches, dog clutch or synchronizer clutches and hydraulically, pneumatically or electrically operated.
    2 shows a first embodiment variant of a drive train 1 arranged in the region of a drive axle of the vehicle, wherein a differential 7 is integrated into the transmission 4. Shown is an embodiment with three gears Gl, G2, G3, which can be connected via first, second and third brake devices 14, 24, 34. The transmission 4 can also be designed with only two gears, wherein one of the two brake devices 14, 24 together with the corresponding ring gear 12, 22 can be omitted.
    Fig. 3 shows a similar embodiment as Fig. 2, wherein the transmission 4 is spatially separated from the differential.
    By reference numeral 8 bearings for the output shaft 5 are designated.
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1]
    1. A drive unit (1) for an electrically driven vehicle, comprising an electric machine (2) and a transmission (4) with a first sun gear (11), at least one first planet gear (13) and a first ring gear (12 ), and a second planetary gear set (20) having a second sun gear (21), at least one second planet gear (23) and a second ring gear (22), said first and second sun gears (11, 21) are coaxially arranged and the first and second planet gears (13, 23) are rotatably mounted on a common planet carrier (6), and wherein the drive shaft (3) of the electric machine (2) with the first sun gear (11) is drive-connected, and at least a ring gear (12, 22) via a braking device (14, 24) is festhaltbar, characterized in that the second sun gear (21) of the second planetary gear set (20) with an output shaft (5) is connected and that lower a first planetary gear (13) of the first planetary gear set (10) - preferably rigidly - with a second planetary gear (23) of the second planetary gear set (20) is rotatably connected.
    [2]
    Second drive unit (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the first ring gear (14) of the first Planetengetrieberadsatzes (10) via a first brake device (14) is firmly held.
    [3]
    3. Drive unit (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the second ring gear (24) of the second Planetengetrieberadsatzes (20) via a second braking device (24) is firmly held.
    [4]
    4. Drive unit (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the common planet carrier (6) of the first and second planetary gear set (10, 20) via a third braking device (34) is firmly held.
    [5]
    5. Drive unit (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the first ring gear (12) and the first sun gear (11) via a switchable coupling (44) are mutually firmly drehverbindbar. 7
    [6]
    6. Drive unit (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the two Planetengetrieberadsätze (10, 20) have different transmission ratios.
    [7]
    7. Drive unit (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that at least one braking means (14, 24, 34) and / or the coupling (44) is designed as a multi-plate clutch.
    [8]
    8. Drive unit (1) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that at least one brake means (14, 24, 34) and / or the coupling (44) is designed as a synchronizer clutch.
    [9]
    9. Drive unit (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that at least one brake means (14, 24, 34) and / or the coupling (44) is designed as a dog clutch.
    [10]
    10. Drive unit (1) according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that at least one brake devices (14, 24, 34) and / or the coupling (44) is hydraulically, pneumatically or electrically actu bar. 2012 08 23 Fu / Ec
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    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
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    US11280391B2|2019-09-25|2022-03-22|Dana Automotive Systems Group, Llc|Multi-speed gearbox and the drive axle made therewith|US1986045A|1933-05-03|1935-01-01|Clayton Alee Charles|Change speed gearing|
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    DE102018208583A1|2018-05-30|2019-12-05|Robert Bosch Gmbh|Powershift multi-speed transmission|
    DE102019119952B4|2019-07-24|2021-07-22|Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG|Drive device for a motor vehicle with either a planetary gear carrier or ring gear that can be switched fixed to the housing|
    DE102020211080A1|2020-09-02|2022-03-03|Zf Friedrichshafen Ag|Electric drive for a vehicle, drive train and method|
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    AT503372012A|AT512942B1|2012-08-24|2012-08-24|drive unit|AT503372012A| AT512942B1|2012-08-24|2012-08-24|drive unit|
    PCT/EP2013/066803| WO2014029650A1|2012-08-24|2013-08-12|Drive unit|
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