• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The present invention describes a high fluidity concrete composition for producing concrete by properties which contains cellulose fibers as a stabilizer, and a process for producing such a concrete composition and its use, in particular for fire-resistant concrete applications.
    公开号:AT512884A1
    申请号:T501/2012
    申请日:2012-04-25
    公开日:2013-11-15
    发明作者:
    申请人:Chemiefaser Lenzing Ag；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Lenzing AG, PL0527 • · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · »» 1 ft · «· 4 ·« M ···
    Concrete composition containing cellulosic regenerated fibers, their preparation and use
    The present invention describes a high fluidity concrete composition for producing concrete by properties which contains cellulose fibers as a stabilizer, and a process for producing such a concrete composition and its use, in particular for fire-resistant concrete applications.
    State of the art:
    Concrete as a mixture of cement, aggregate and water with or without the addition of additives and additives is widely used in the construction industry. Concrete composites have been used for years in which structural disadvantages of the concrete, such as low tensile strength and a brittle fracture behavior, are improved compared to concrete materials.
    The oldest concrete composite is reinforced concrete, in which reinforcing bars are inserted into the concrete in order to overcome the above-mentioned disadvantages. However, fibers have also been used for this purpose for some time, as the direct use of concrete saves time and money without having to make reinforcements. The fibers commonly used for this purpose are steel and plastic fibers. For particularly filigree components, glass or carbon fibers are also used, since they have excellent tensile strengths but are significantly more expensive than steel or plastic fibers (Betonkalender 2011).
    The use of vegetable natural fibers, d. H. Cellulose fibers, has not yet really enforced in concrete construction practice. In particular their often too low alkali resistance and their swelling or shrinkage deformations due to moisture changes present constructive concrete construction problems.
    In the patent KR10-2010-0035257A the authors describe the use of lyocell filaments as representatives of the cellulose regenerated fibers, which have an atpha cellulose content of over 90%. Thus, the problem of alkali resistance of the fibers in the concrete is solved by this patent, as alpha-cellulose is defined by its insolubility in 18% caustic soda (as opposed to beta- and gamma-cellulose). 1
    Lenzing AG, PL0527 · * ·· * »* * * 4« M44 • f * «« 4 · · · ··· 4 · 4 t 4 444 • 4 * · · ♦ · * »4 4 · 4 4 4 · 4 4 4 4 4 4 44 4 «« 4 # 44 444
    According to the specification in the patent KR10-2010-0035257A, the tensile strength and compressive strength is increased by the use of Lyocellfilament and reduces cracking with excellent distribution of the fibers in the concrete. In the patent KR10-2010-0035257A, the authors use standard concrete ("prescription concrete") according to DIN EN 206-1 (or DIN 1045 and ÖNORM B 4710-1). This recipe concrete usually consists of only three components (cement, water, rock) and may only be used for simple construction tasks, as this concrete may not be used according to the standard for exterior components or components of higher exposure classes than XC 2.
    Accordingly, in practice for the realization of more complex construction tasks, predominantly so-called "concrete according to properties" is used (see DIN EN 206-1), in which the concrete is produced on the basis of defined fresh and hardened concrete properties as well as the required exposure class. In contrast to the simple standard concrete formulations, concrete requires the addition of additives and agents to achieve the required properties (see Springenschmid: concrete technology for practice; Rixom and Mailvaganam: Chemical admixtures for concrete; DIN EN 206-1). A typical requirement for a specific concrete according to properties is an increased fire protection effect. For example, he may under fire, z. B. in a tunnel, do not flake off. Many structures would not be possible without these optimized 5-component concretes (cement, water, aggregate, additives, admixtures) or only with great effort.
    Above all, the trend towards increasingly flowable concretes to the self-compacting concrete (SVB) leads to increasingly complex, but also more efficient concrete types. The desire for more and more flowable types of concrete often requires the use of stabilizers to prevent the loss of water ("bleeding") and thus segregation of the concrete with concomitant loss of strength. Conventional stabilizers, however, lead to increased stickiness of the concrete. This leads to a reduced flowability of the concrete, that is exactly the opposite of what is actually desired and required. With modern, flowable concretes high pumping rates or rapid concreting are to be achieved, so that there is time and consequently also cost savings, especially in large construction projects.
    Task:
    The object of the present invention was therefore to provide a concrete composition for the production of concrete according to properties, with which a 2
    Lenzing AG, PL0527 • I * • * • il * ** *** · «« · »» · · * · «« · «« * · · · · «Ml · · · # * ·« · ·· * ··············································································································································· The prefabricated concrete that can be produced with it is intended, inter alia, to fulfill increased fire protection requirements and not flake off, especially when used as a concrete ceiling under the action of fire. Another object was to provide a method for producing such a concrete. Solution: Surprisingly, regenerated cellulose fibers act as a stabilizer on the more flowable concrete concretes for concrete, and conventional stabilizers can be completely replaced. It also shows that these cellulose fibers can effectively prevent the spalling of concrete under fire load.
    Therefore, the solution to the above object has been to provide a high fluidity concrete composition for producing concrete by properties containing cellulose fibers as a stabilizer.
    Concretes to which suitable regenerated cellulose fibers are added according to the invention are characterized by good stability. For the purposes of this invention, stability is understood to mean that in fresh concrete - even under pressure - there is only a slight separation of water and fines and low segregation during installation and transport and low sedimentation of coarse aggregate (see "Soft Concrete" guideline of the Austrian Association for concrete and construction engineering (ÖVBB)). The stability is determined in the filter press trial. Obviously, the water management of cellulose regenerate fibers is better suited for such concrete mixtures than the previous commercial stabilizers. Surprisingly, the replacement of commercial stabilizers by the cellulose regenerated fibers also has a positive effect on the workability of the concrete, since the tackiness of the concrete is significantly reduced by the use of cellulose fibers compared with the use of conventional stabilizers.
    Preferably, the concrete mixture according to the invention contains cellulose regenerated fibers with a length L of 0.3 to 20 mm, more preferably 6 to 12 mm.
    The diameter D of the cellulose regenerated fibers is preferably between 5 and 20 μm, preferably 8 to 15 μm. Fibers of smaller diameter can no longer be produced by economical spinning processes; In addition, they would be respirable and therefore 3
    Lenzing AG, PL0527 * "··· # · * ft ·" II M 4 4 "44 444 possibly carcinogenic. The addition of larger diameter fibers degrades stability as demonstrated by the filter press trial.
    The L / D ratio is preferably between 30 and 2000, more preferably between 500 and 1200. Smaller L / D ratios are not economically viable, with larger L / D ratio, the fibers can no longer be homogeneously introduced into the concrete.
    The proportion of regenerated cellulose fibers in the concrete mixture according to the invention should be in the range of 0.01% by weight to 1.0% by weight, preferably in the range of 0.02% by weight to 0.2% by weight. This corresponds to approx. 0.5 to 5 kg per m3 of concrete.
    It has been found that, in particular, lyocell fibers, commercially available as Tencel® fibers from Lenzing AG, Austria, are most suitable in the concrete mixture according to the invention. Presumably, this is due to the higher flexural rigidity and the associated smaller hanking tendency in comparison to other cellulose regenerated fibers such as viscose and cupro. Other reasons could be the higher dry and wet modulus and the better alkali resistance over the other cellulosic materials mentioned. The production of lyocell fibers is known and described in detail in particular in many publications of Lenzing AG.
    The subject matter of the present invention is also a process for the production of concrete by properties, in which cellulose regenerate fibers according to the above statements are added to it before its use on the construction site to increase the flowability or to prevent separation ("bleeding").
    The present invention also provides the use of regenerated cellulose fibers for the production of concrete mixtures. The regenerated cellulose fibers and concrete compositions are preferably selected according to the criteria mentioned above. In particular, the use of the abovementioned concrete compositions for fire protection-relevant concrete applications is according to the invention.
    Examples:
    The following cellulose regenerated fibers (manufacturer: Lenzing AG, 4860 Lenzing, Austria) were compared as concrete additives: TENCEL FCP 10/400, TENCEL FCP 10 / 490A, 4 5 Lenzing AG, PL0527 • * »* · *** ♦ ···« · ·
    «·» · 4 * t ·· «·» · · · · I · · 4 ··· i · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · * * * * * * »| | 1« I * ·· IM TENCEL FCP 25/500 and TENCEL 1,4dtex, 6mm. TENCEL FCP 10/400 was through
    Milling of a standard textile fiber (TENCEL 1.3dtex, 38mm) and TENCEL FCP 25/500 also made by grinding a standard textile fiber (TENCEL 6.7dtex, 38mm) using a precision cutting mill (Pallmann PSC). TENCEL 1,4dtex, 6mm was produced in the production process by cutting the standard textile fiber (TENCEL 1,4dtex, 38mm).
    Table 1 summarizes the properties of the fibers. The fiber diameters are set in the spinning process and continuously measured. The mean fiber length of the 10 milled fibers was measured by MorFl Fiber Analyzer (TechPath).
    Table 1
    Fiber Type Diameter Average Length L / D Ratio TENCEL FCP 10/400 Cellulose II 10pm 420pm -42 TENCEL FCP 10 / 490A Cellulose II 10pm 500pm -50 TENCEL FCP 25/500 Cellulose II 25pm 5l0pm-20 TENCEL 1,4 / 6 Cellulose II 10pm 6mm 600
    Example 1 In today's conventional concrete properties, the testing of new ingredients is essential, because unlike the recipe concrete, the influence of new ingredients is not directly derived from the recipe. Accordingly, the influence of cellulose regenerated fibers on fresh concrete properties, in particular on processability, was investigated. TENCEL FCP 10/400 and TENCEL 1,4 / 6 were used as described above. The concrete mixtures were produced under maximum
    Flowmeter dosing to close to the demixing limit to simulate the limits of practical feasibility. The composition of the individual mixtures is shown in Table 2. 5
    Lenzing AG, PL0527 · »« · ♦ · ·········· # · · «·
    Table 2: Fresh concrete compositions for Example 1; Data in [kg / m3 fresh concrete] * * • *
    Example 1a 1b 1c Fiber type None (Reference) Tencel 1,4 / 6 FCP 10/400 Cement: CEM II / AS 42,5 R 588 588 588 Additive Fluamix C 161 161 161 Plasticizer Durance LZF 1.17 2.71 1.93 TENCEL FCP 10/400 - - 2 TENCEL 1,4 / 6 - 2 - Addition water 335 333 333 Aggregate RK 0/1, Kies-Union, Bad Fischau 715 721 711 Aggregate RK 1/2, Kies-Union, Bad Fischau 226 215 225
    The processability of these mixtures was investigated with a concrete rheometer. 5 Fresh concrete behaves like a Bingham body, so the flow curve can through
    Regression calculation are determined. The relative yield point (intersection of the straight line with the ordinate) is a measure of the flow. Small values are usually achieved with easily movable, well-holding concrete. In Figure 1 and Table 3 it can be clearly seen that both types of fibers reduce the yield value, thus increasing the processability of the concrete.
    Table 3: Relative yield point as a parameter for processability
    Reference FCP 1,4 / 6 FCP 10/400 Relative yield point [Nmm] 102,44 58,46 63,43 15 Example 2:
    In order to determine the influence of the fiber geometry on the achievable stability of concrete, several concrete mixes with cellulose regenerated fibers and a concrete mixture without fibers were produced as reference. The fibers used were: TENCEL FCP 10/490 A, TENCEL FCP 25/500, TENCEL 1,4 dtex / 6 mm as described above. The 20 blends were prepared so that the finished binder pastes showed a comparable consistency. The composition of the individual binder times is shown in Table 4. The starting materials correspond to those in Example 1, only the 6
    Lenzing AG, PL0527 ···································································································. ··············································
    Aggregate 16/32 comes from the company Reiterer B.C.T., Obereggendorf. All other
    Aggregates are from the company Kies-Union, Bad Rschau.
    Table 4: Fresh concrete compositions for Example 2; Data in [kg / m3]
    Example 2a 2b 2c 2d Fiber type None (Reference) FCP 10 / 490A FCP 25/500 1,4dtex / 6 Cement CEM II / AS 42,5 R 310 310 310 310 Additive Fluamix C 102 102 102 102 Plasticizer Duriment LZF 0,8 1 , 3 1.1 3.0 TENCEL FCP 10 / 490A - 2.1 - - TENCEL FCP 25/500 - - 2.1 - TENCEL 1.4 / 6 - - - 2.1 Addition water 195 195 195 195 Aggregate 0/1 493 493 492 490 Gestormkömung 1/4 476 476 474 473 Aggregate 4/8 211 211 210 209 Aggregate 8/16 263 263 263 262 Aggregate 16/32 316 316 315 314 5
    Filter compression tests (see ÖVBB guideline "Soft Concretes") were carried out with all concrete mixtures in order to determine the stability of the concrete under pressure. This concrete is filled into a steel container and pressurized. The discharged under pressure 10 water is collected in a graduated cylinder. The determination of the filtrate water quantity takes place after 15 and 60 minutes. The results of the filter press trial are shown in Table 5 and Figure 2, respectively. The positive influence of 10 μm diameter fibers (1.4 dtex / 6 and 10 / 490A) is clearly visible, while the higher diameter of TENCEL FCP 25/500 (25 pm) shows poorer stability than the reference concrete without fibers , This result shows that the fiber diameter of the fibers used has a considerable influence on the properties of the fresh concrete.
    Table 5: Filtrate water quantities according to ÖVBB-RL "Soft Concretes"
    Filtrate time [min] Zero concrete 1.4dtex / 6 10 / 490A 25/500 15 33 18 21 40 60 57 51 43 65 20
    Example 3:
    On the basis of an actually used recipe of a concrete manufacturer, the effect of the cellulose regenerated fibers of Example 2 was compared with conventional stabilizers. 25 The compositions of the tested mixtures are summarized in Table 5. 7
    Lenzing AG, PL0527 t * ·· »· * ··» · «· ** • · t · · · · · · · ·» t ··· «« »· ·········································· · * * 1 M tt »·· ···
    The rock movements came from the company Schönkirchner. In practice on the construction site it is allowed to use 101 / m3 more water than prescribed in the recipe. Accordingly, a mixture with TENCEL 1.4 dtex / 6 mm and a 10 l / m 3 increased water addition according to Example 3e was also subjected to the filter press test.
    Table 6: Fresh concrete compositions for Example 3; Data in [kg / m3]
    Example 3a 3b 3C 3d 3e stabilizer Without stabilizer conventionl. Stabilizer FCP 10 / 490A 1,4dtex / 6 1,4dtex / 6 CEM I 42,5 R 400 400 400 400 400 Additive (Fluamix C) 70 70 70 70 70 TENCEL FCP 10 / 490A - 1.0 - - TENCEL 1.4 / 6 - - - 1.0 1.0 Plasticizer LZF, Fa. Concrete Technology 2,4 2,8 3,2 2,6 3,4 Stabilizer Easy, Fa. Concrete Technology - 2,4 - - - Addition Water 177 177 179 180 190 Aggregate 0/4 821 821 824 825 812 Aggregate 4/8 168 168 169 169 166 Aggregate 8/16 411 411 412 413 406 Aggregate 16/32 311 311 312 312 308
    These blends were again tested for stability in a filter press trial. The results are shown in Table 7 and Figure 3, respectively.
    Table 7: Fiitratwassermenge fibers or stabilizer
    Example 3a 3b 3c 3d 3e Filtrate time [min] ÖVBB-RL Without rod. With rod. FCP 10 / 490A 1,4dtex / 6 1,4dtex / 6 10 l more water 15 20 17,3 9,4 12,9 9,4 18,3 60 40 38,6 23,3 33,7 26,7 44 ,1
    In principle, all the results in Table 7 are subject to the requirements of the ÖVBB guideline, but in practice more water is to be taken into account. Accordingly, the addition of a stabilizing additive is necessary.
    It turns out that the fibers are fundamentally suitable for completely replacing a commercially available stabilizer, since the requirements for the filtrate water quantities in accordance with the ÖVBB leaflet "Soft Concretes" are well achieved. Although TENCEL FCP 10 / 490A in the concrete mix gives more fiat water than stabilizer, TENCEL 1.4dtex / 6mm gives comparable values to the stabilizer. In 8
    Lenzing AG, PL0527 ·· ** · «· * M ♦ ··· •» I ····································· "
    • In this context, the significantly higher L / D ratio of TENCEL 1.4dtex / 6mm plays a decisive role. Accordingly, only TENCEL 1.4dtexrt> mm fibers have been used for further trials.
    In example 3e, 10 l more water was added to the fresh concrete. The requirements for the identity check as well as for the initial test after 15 minutes are also complied with for this mixture, whereby this practical mixture can be sufficiently stabilized by the addition of cellulose regenerated fibers.
    None of the relevant fresh concrete properties is influenced by the addition of the fibers. The interference of the fibers can be both dry and wet, which is the practical suitability for the use of the fibers in a concrete plant.
    EXAMPLE 5 PP fibers are usually added to a concrete for tunnel inner shells in order to prevent spalling by evaporating water of crystallization (see ÖVBB guideline "Increased fire protection with concrete for underground traffic structures"). Spalling of the concrete pavement leads to structural weakening of the structure and can lead to the collapse of the structure when the steel reinforcement melts.
    Experimental results comparing non-fiber concrete, PP fibers and TENCEL fibers show the equivalence of the different fire protection fiber types (Figures 4 and 5). In both cases, the fire test was stopped after 60 minutes at 950 ° C, without flaking occurred, while concrete without fiber addition already after 30 minutes at 850 ° C showed flaking. 9
    权利要求:
    Claims (7)
    [1]
    Lenzing AG, PL0527 44 44 | MM ··························································································································································································································································· Concrete composition with high flowability for the production of concrete by properties, characterized in that it contains cellulose fibers as stabilizer.
    [2]
    2. Concrete composition according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains regenerated cellulose fibers with a length L of 0.3 to 20 mm, particularly preferably 6 to 12 mm.
    [3]
    3. concrete composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the diameter D of the Celluloseregeneratfasem between 5 and 20 pm, preferably 8 to 15 pm, is located.
    [4]
    A concrete composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the L / D ratio of the cellulose regenerate fibers is between 30 and 2000, preferably between 500 and 1200.
    [5]
    5. Concrete composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the proportion of cellulose regenerated fibers in the concrete mixture according to the invention in the range of 0.01 wt .-% to 1.0 wt .-%, preferably in the range of 0.02 wt .-% to 0 , 2 wt .-% is.
    [6]
    6. A process for the production of concrete according to properties, characterized in that before its use (on the construction site) to increase the flowability or to prevent separation cellulose fibers are added according to one of the preceding claims.
    [7]
    7. Use of the concrete composition according to claim 1 for fire-relevant concrete applications. 10
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    WO2013159129A1|2013-10-31|
    AT512884B1|2017-05-15|
    引用文献:
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    US5897701A|1995-11-15|1999-04-27|Dpd, Inc.|Wet dispersion of plant pulp in concrete and use thereof|
    US20090065978A1|2007-09-06|2009-03-12|Mason Greenstar, Llc|Load bearing insulation and method of manufacture and use|
    KR20110014843A|2009-08-06|2011-02-14|케미우스코리아|Concrete manufacturing method for improving impact resistance|
    KR20100035257A|2008-09-26|2010-04-05|주식회사 코오롱|Lyocell fibers for reinforcing concrete|WO2019157593A1|2018-02-13|2019-08-22|Fpinnovations|Desert sand and filamentous cellulose in concrete and mortar|
    CN111908841A|2020-07-30|2020-11-10|重庆众通南一混凝土有限公司|Special concrete and preparation method thereof|
    法律状态:
    2021-12-15| MM01| Lapse because of not paying annual fees|Effective date: 20210425 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA501/2012A|AT512884B1|2012-04-25|2012-04-25|Concrete composition containing cellulosic regenerated fibers, their preparation and use|ATA501/2012A| AT512884B1|2012-04-25|2012-04-25|Concrete composition containing cellulosic regenerated fibers, their preparation and use|
    PCT/AT2013/000061| WO2013159129A1|2012-04-25|2013-04-10|Concrete composition, containing regenerated cellulose fibres, production and use thereof|
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