• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
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  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a distribution unit for use in a body of water for the controlled supply of water to filter units (15, 15 ', 15 ") and / or for the operation of devices using water.The distribution unit has an inner and an outer container (1, 4) between which containers (1,4) at least two open-topped compartments (8) are formed, wherein at the upper edge of the inner container (1) formed incisions (3) flow connections for water between the compartments (8) and the interior of the inner container (1), and wherein each compartment (8) and the inner container (1) are provided with at least one connection (2,5) for the supply or discharge of water, the distribution unit according to the invention is therefore advantageously suitable both for pressure-side operation a distribution of water from the interior of the inner container in the compartments and from there to the users ", as well as for a suction-side operation with a central discharge vo n water, which comes from the "users" coming into the compartments and from there into the inner container suitable. The cuts ensure the transport of defined amounts of water from the inner container into the individual compartments or from the individual compartments into the inner container.
    公开号:AT512481A1
    申请号:T932012
    申请日:2012-01-25
    公开日:2013-08-15
    发明作者:Wolfgang Dipl Ing Mag Wesner；Christian Schardt；Heimo Kurzmann；Franz Ing Kubacek
    申请人:Wolfgang Dipl Ing Mag Wesner；Heimo Kurzmann；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    25.Jan.2012 15:06 00431503510520 DIPL ING EDITH VINAZZER # 3059 £   .004 / 041 «« «« «*« « ft * * * «r
    | «(I» · «* I ¥ 44 4 * 4 * · · PA 8292
    Wolfgang Wesner and Heimo Kurzmann
    Distribution unit, its use and a system for filtering a »body of water
    description
    The invention relates to a distribution unit for use in a body of water for the controlled water supply of filter work and / or for the operation of water-using facilities. The invention further relates to the use of the distribution unit and a system for filtering a body of water.
    There are a variety of applications known in which a mechanical and / or biological treatment of water via various Filtcreinheiten with filter media. So-called slow-moving filters, in particular sand filters, and biofilters, in particular, non-spilled filter materials, are used primarily in biological bath water treatment and in drinking water treatment. Filter units with different filter media are also used in the post-purification of water in sewage treatment plants, processes and in industrial water treatment.
    The usual filter media include inorganic particles such as gravel, quarry, sand, expanded clay, glass foam, pumice, zeolite and the like, and also organic particles such as various plastics or natural products. Filter media may further consist of fibers or three-dimensional structures, such as sponges or open-celled foams. Other known filter media are bundles, mats and fabrics of inorganic fibers, such as rock wool, glass wool or metal want. In biological filters, the equalization of the water over the entire filter volume to the flow of the filter substrate with oxygen-rich water is of particular importance to avoid anaerobic zones in the filter. In zones with oxygen supply, there is a risk that substances such as nitrite or 25/01/2012 13:20
    No.: R304 P.004 / 041 25.Jan.2012 15:06 00431S03510520 DIPL ING EDITH VINAZZER # 3059 P.005 / 041 •) «« «* l > * * »* * * *» * # * * »M :: :: ::::. t 2
    Hydrogen sulfide, which inhibit Biofilmentstehung or sieve pathogens such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa or Legionella. The larger the surface of the Filterraaterials is, the greater the amount of biofilm that builds up per unit of time and thus the performance of the filter.
    In the case of the slowest mechanical, in particular filters with sand as the filter medium, large filter surfaces are required, which must be flowed at a low speed. As with biological filters, non-uniform flow leads to poor filter performance, even with mechanical filters. Usually, filters consist of several cubic meters of filter material, which are uniformly flowed through under field conditions for many years. A direct flow of large-area filter units can be done hydraulically, by generating a two-dimensional pressure difference before and after the filter material. The higher the pressure difference, the better and more stable the water distribution even on large areas. Since a high pressure loss over the filter material means an increased energy expenditure, it is endeavored to limit the areas over which water is to be distributed. In the case of filter materials with beds, there is in particular the risk of channeling, which makes high pressure differences, especially in the case of fine-grained packing, impossible.
    Alternatively, a hydrodynamic water distribution can take place, which is usually realized in such a way that pipelines are subjected to an increased or decreased water pressure relative to the environment. Through drilling in the pipes with a small cross section, the water distribution is carried out. The disadvantage of the hydrodynamic distribution with pipes is that a constant pressure difference must be provided, which increases the energy requirement, and that the small holes are easily clogged. The usual irrigation systems work according to this principle. With drainage pipes or a distribution system, as described, for example, in EP-A-0 038 436 for water treatment for swimming pool water, a uniform distribution in larger beds can be realized over a period of time. In practice, however, these control systems are sensitive to contaminants, deposits, 25/01/2012 13:20
    No .: R304 P.005 / 041 25.Jan.2012 15:06 00431503510520 DIPL ING EDITH VINAZZEA # 3059 P.006 / 041 »· ·» · # 3
    Root formations, so that a long-term maintenance-free function is not possible. For vertical flows, a pressure difference must be created between the upper and lower sides of the beds so that, depending on the direction of flow, there is a sucking or pushing water distribution. In case of blockage of the bed, it is usually necessary to remove the entire bed in order to remove the blockage and to ensure correct distribution again.
    The invention has for its object to provide a distribution unit of the type mentioned, which should be suitable to provide several filter units independently with the water to be purified or to collect filtered water from the filter units or other water-using facilities to provide water. This distribution unit should not only be simple in design and handling, in terms of cleaning and service, it should also allow easy visual monitoring of Durcbfiussmengen for each filter unit or device and be energy-optimized. For the movement of the water flow, a comparatively low pressure should suffice, so that in particular with pump units, such as pipe pumps and lifters, which build up low pressures of a few centimeters of water at high flow rates, a long-term can be found. Even with strongly fluctuating inflow, a distribution of the water flow in a given ratio should be possible.
    The object is achieved according to the invention with a distribution unit having an inner and an outer container, between which containers at least two open-topped compartments are formed, wherein at the upper edge of the inner container ausgebüdete incisions fluid joints for water between the compartments and the interior of the inner Produce container, and wherein each compartment and the inner container is provided with at least one connection for a pipe or hose line.
    The device according to the invention is therefore advantageously both for a pressure-side operation with a distribution of the water from the interior of the inner container into the compartments and from there to the "used", as well as for a suction-side operation with a central discharge of water, which of the " By entering the compartments and from there into the inner container, suitable The cuts ensure the 25/01/2012 13:21
    No .: R304 P.006 / 041 25.Jan.2012 IS: 07 00431503510520 DIPL ING EDITH VINAZ2ER # 3059 P.007 / 041 »« · · * * »*« # · «*» * 1 · < I ··· * Ψ i · · · · fr »· · * · f i» r t · »· 4
    Transport of defined amounts of water from the inner container into the individual compartments or from the individual compartments into the inner container. In this way, any connected feed units / "users" can be charged independently of one another in a predefined ratio with water in the case of pressure-side operation, or water can be withdrawn from the filter units / "users" in a predefined ratio.
    In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the recesses are formed at the upper edge of the inner container either V-shaped or U-shaped, wherein the V-shaped configuration is preferred. With V-shaped cuts, defined flow rates can be set particularly well.
    In the inner container, a centrifugal pump, a tube pump or a lifter may be installed to ensure, during suction-side operation, aspiration of water into the inner container and pressurized operation to distribute the water from the inner container to the individual user. A single unit is sufficient.
    There are a variety of ways to make the distribution unit compact and functional. For example, it is possible to make the inner and the outer container cylindrical and to arrange each other. In another embodiment, the inner and outer containers may be embodied as prisms, in particular as regular prisms. In these and similar Ausfühnmgsvarianten the individual compartments can be formed by simple partitions between the inner and outer container.
    In a further possible embodiment of the distribution unit, the inner container is formed by partitions in the outer container. Between these partitions and outer walls of the outer container, the compartments can also be formed in a simple manner in these embodiments.
    If the incisions at the upper edge of the inner container are made coincident, equal Wassetmengen flow through each incision. This is advantageous, for example, if a plurality of matching filter units are connected to the distribution unit. 25/01/2012 13:21
    No .: R304 P.007 / 041 25.Jan.2012 15:07 00431503510520 DIPL ING EDITH VINAZZER # 3059 P.OOB / 041 5
    If the distribution unit is operated with differently constructed filter units, it may be advantageous to carry out at least some of the cuts with different cross-sectional areas. In this case, it can also be provided in the distribution unit that one compartment or several compartments are connected to the inner container via incisions of the same dimension, while at least one other compartment is connected to the inner container via one or more incisions of a different dimensioning.
    In order to be able to use distribution units variably, it is advantageous if the cross-sectional area of at least one incision, in particular all incisions, is variably adjustable or changeable in a distribution unit. For this purpose, a correspondingly mounted on the inner container aperture can be provided at each of these incisions.
    If a floating arrangement of the distribution unit take place, it can be provided with appropriate buoyancy bodies.
    The invention further relates to the use of the distribution unit according to the invention in the suction side or in the pressure side operation in a system for filtering water of a water body, wherein the distribution unit is connected to at least two filter units. The distribution unit according to the invention can be particularly advantageous to connect to differently designed filter units, with either a suction-side or a pressure-side operation are possible. Particularly favorable is the use of the distribution unit with at least one filter unit made of rock wool, in particular with several rock wool filter units. Thus, the distribution unit with several filter units made of rock wool, which are attached directly to the distribution unit, can be used. The distribution unit according to the invention allows a particularly uniform flow of rock wool, which is essential for a good Filterwiikung this filter material
    In an alternative of the invention, the distribution unit is used for filtering water in filter units, which are segments of a slow-flow sand filter. The distribution unit can ensure a particularly uniform flow through the entire filter surface, which is a prerequisite for an effective 25/01/2012 13:22 sand filter
    No,: R304 P.008 / 041 25.Jan.2012 15:08 00431503510520 DIPL INS EDITH VINAZZER 43059 P.009 / 041 t · i 6
    Filtration is. With this use of the filter according to the invention let sieve achieve a very good Reinigungsleistuug with filter sand a dump height of a few centimeters.
    The distribution unit according to the invention can also be used advantageously for filtering water in at least one filter unit which contains one or more layers of poured filter materials, such as zeolite, gravel, expanded clay and the like. In this case, these filter units are preferably flowed through from top to bottom, wherein the inventive distribution unit also allows a feed with several cubic meters of water per hour.
    Also, floating bed filters can be advantageously fed with a distribution unit according to the invention with water and used to clean a body of water. Floating bed filters are flowed through from bottom to top.
    Furthermore, the use of the distribution unit according to the invention with filter units of different types is readily possible. A corresponding dimensioning of the incisions permits a feed of water that is suitable for the respective filter material.
    The invention further relates to a system for filtering a water body with at least two filter elements and with at least one distribution unit, which is designed according to the invention. In a preferred embodiment of this system, a plurality of scavenger units are provided by means of distribution units disposed therebetween.
    Further features, advantages and details of the invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the drawing, which shows exemplary embodiments of the invention. Show
    Fig. 1 is a view of a first embodiment of a distribution unit according to the invention, 25/01/2012 13:22
    No.: R304 P.009 / 041 25.Jan.2012 15:08 00431503510520 DIPL ING EDITH VINAZZER # 3059 P.010 / 041 «» IV vv · * · · ** · • ♦ * «« 44 «· ♦ · * * »*» · · * F »1 · tf» * * * 4 * * 4 · «4 ·» 4 · 7
    2 shows a central longitudinal section through the distribution unit from FIG. 1, adapted for suction-side operation, FIG.
    3 shows a longitudinal section through the distribution unit from FIG. 1, adapted for pressure-side operation, FIG.
    4 shows a longitudinal section through the distribution unit from FIG. 1 with a variant for pressure-side operation, FIG.
    5a to 5c views of a device for limiting or adjusting the water flow rate of the distribution unit,
    6a and 6b, FIGS. 7a and 7b and FIGS. 8a and 8b are each views of further embodiments of distribution units according to the invention,
    FIGS. 9 and 10 also show views of embodiments of distribution units according to the invention.
    11 is a diagram of a variant of a connection of a distribution unit according to the invention with druckseitigein or saugscitigem operation of filter units from poured filter materials,
    12 is a Schoena a variant of a connection of a distribution unit with suction-side operation of filter units made of rock wool,
    13a and 13b are views of a schematic of a Verteileinbeit connected to filter units with a "spindle-shaped" arrangement,
    Fig. 14 is a diagram of a distribution unit connected to two filter units designed as suspended bed filters, 25/01/2012 13:22
    No .: R304 P. 010/041 25.Jan.2012 15:08 00431503510520 DIPL ING EDITH VINAZZER # 3059 P.011 / 041 * «# · If« * t · · · · »· ·« «· · · ·» ····················································································································································
    15 shows a diagram of a distribution unit connected to two filter units designed as suspended bed filters, which is charged by three pump skimmers,
    FIGS. 16a and 16b show an embodiment variant of a filter unit of poured filtrate material and FIGS
    17 shows a variant of a filter arrangement divided into a plurality of filter units.
    The distribution or. Collection unit according to the invention is hereinafter referred to only as a distribution unit basically consists of an inner container 1 and an outer container 4, between which by partitions 6 separate compartments 8 are formed. Both containers 1.4 are upright or vertical during operation, are open at the top and have a bottom 7 which is common in particular for both containers 1.4 and is closed except for at least one pipe or hose connection 2.
    In the embodiment shown in Fig. 1, the inner container 1 and the outer container 4 are designed as a concentrically arranged and open top cylinder matching height with a common, closed bottom 7. By perpendicular and radially extending partitions 6 between the inner and outer containers 1 and 4, a division of the gap between the two containers 1 and 4 in the embodiment shown six equal compartments 8. The circumferential upper edge la of the inner container 1 is at each Compartment 8 is provided with at least one V-shaped incision 3. In the embodiment shown in Fig. 1, all incisions 3 are the same size and therefore executed equally deep. With such an embodiment of the incisions 3, equal amounts of water flow through each incision 3, either from the compartments 8 into the inner container 1 or from the inner container 1 into the compartments 8, as will be described. However, the incisions 3 can also be designed differently sized to realize different flow conditions, for example, by a flat or a steeper angle of the V-shape. It is also possible in principle to form the incisions 3 in a rounded V-shape or in a U-shape. At the connection 2 in the bottom 7 of the inner container 1, a pipe * or hose is attached, which allows either an inflow or outflow of water instead 25/01/2012 13:23
    Nr: R304 P.011 / 041 25 »Jan.2012 15: 09 0043150351 OS 20 DIPL ING SDITH VINAZ2ER # 3059 P.Ü12 / 041 • * * · ai ·« · · »if» «I» · * · 9 one, as shown, single port 2 may be provided in the bottom 7 of the inner container 1, a plurality of connections, for example, when several pump Skimmer aspirate the surface of a body of water and feed the distribution unit. On the wall of the outer container 4, a connection for a pipe or hose line is provided in each compartment 8, which connects the respective compartment 8 with a not shown in Fig. 1 "consumer", in particular a filter unit, as will be described. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the connections 5 for the tube * or hose lines are arranged at the same height from the bottom 7.
    The connections 5 provided for each compartment 8 for the tube or hose lines can, as shown in FIG. 6 a (in plan view) and 6 b (in side view), also be arranged on the bottom 7. Otherwise, the embodiment shown in Fig. 6a and 6b corresponds to that of FIG. 1, with the difference that five partitions 6 are provided, which divides the space between the inner container 1 and the outer container 4 in five equal compartments 8.
    7a shows a plan view and FIG. 7b shows a side view of a variant of a distribution unit with connections 5 mounted at different heights on the outer container 4. The distribution unit is analogous to the distribution unit shown in FIG. 1, but has ten compartments 8 of equal size between the inner container 1 and the outer container 4. The embodiment variant of a distribution unit shown in FIG. 8a (top view) and 8b (side view) is very similar to that according to FIGS. 7a and 7b and has twelve compartments 8 of equal size. The connections 5 for the pipe or hose lines are located in two different distances from the bottom 7 having hubs.
    FIG. 9 shows an embodiment of the distribution unit having an inner container 1 and an outer container 4, which are regular prisms having a hexagonal bottom 7. The intermediate walls 6 connect the two concentrically arranged prisms at the edges and thus divide the space between the inner container l and the outer container 4 in six equal compartments 8. Analogous to the embodiment of FIG. 1 is the upper edge la of the inner container 1 at each compartment 8 with a V- 25/01/2012 13:23
    No .: R304 P.012 / 041 25.Jan.2012 15:09 00431503510520 DIPL INS EDITH VINAZZER # 3059 P.013 / 041 10 shaped incision 3. On the outer wall of the outer container 4, a connection 5 for a pipe or hose is provided at each compartment 8, in the bottom 7, a connection 2 is also provided for a pipe or hose.
    10 shows a variant of a distribution unit with a parallelepiped-shaped outer container 4. The container 4 which is open at the top has, in the interior, two partition walls 9 extending parallel to the larger side walls and forming the inner container 1. In the Ausfühnmgsform shown have the two partitions 9 equal distances to the adjacent side walls of the outer container 4. To the partitions 9 vertically extending partitions 6 divide the two spaces between the partitions 9 and the side walls of the outer container 4 each in five equal Compartments 8. At the upper edges la of the partitions 9 belonging to each compartment 8 V-shaped cuts 3 are gebüdet. By means of connections 5 provided on the outer container walls, each compartment 8 can be connected to a "user", for example a filter unit, by means of a pipe or hose line. The terminals 5 are arranged at different heights in the embodiment shown in FIG. At the bottom 7, a connection 2 is also provided for a pipe or hose line, wherein a plurality of connections can be provided for a plurality of pipe or hose lines.
    Fig. Sa to 5c show schematically a way to change through a diaphragm 10, the cross section of the V-shaped notch 3. In the embodiment shown, the diaphragm 10 is a plate, for example in a triangular shape, which is mounted adjustably on the container wall. A scale 11, which is applied next to the incision 3 on the Behfilterwand allows adjustment and reading of the flow. After the rise height of the water in the incision 3 for a given shape of the incision 3 is proportional to the flow, the scale 11 can indicate the flow in m3 / h, Fig. 5b and 5c show positions of the aperture 10 with reduced flow rate. The aperture 10 is further sealed off from the container wall in a suitable manner. If the flow is to be measured at a reduced cross-section through a diaphragm 10, the scale can be transformed with a known angle of the diaphragm with a table, a nomogram or a calculation formula for determining the current flow. 25/01/2012 13:24
    No .: R304 P.013 / 041 11 25.Jan.2012 15:10 00431503510520 DIPL ING EDITH VINAZ2ER # 3059 P.014 / 041
    Vcrtcüeinbeiten invention can be operated both on the suction side and on the pressure side. Distributor units equipped for suction-side operation are shown, for example, in FIGS. 2 and 3. The distribution units shown in these figures are exemplified as shown in FIG. 1, their components are provided with Bezugsziffem accordingly.
    The distribution unit is positioned in the system "waters" such that the water in the compartments 8 is so high that the V-shaped incisions 3 are partly below the water level of the water. The edge of the outer container 4 and the upper Endabscbnitte the partition walls 6 between the individual compartments 8 are located above the water level. In the inner container 1, the water level is lowered relative to that in the compartments 8. This can, as shown for example in Fig. 2, by means of a lower portion of the inner container l positioned pump 12, for example a centrifugal pump, take place, which the water from the inner container 1 via the port 2 in a pipe or Hose line pumps. 3 shows an embodiment with a pipe pump 13 positioned in the lower region of the inner container 1. Alternatively, the water level in the inner container 1 can be influenced by the suction of an external pump or an external lifter acting on the pipe or hose connected to the connection 2 or be lowered by a free outlet of the pipe or hose in a lower than the body of water basin or the like. About the V-shaped cuts 3, the water flows to the same or to defined proportions from the compartments 8 in the interior of the container 1 and from there into the pipe or hose line. For optimal positioning of the distribution unit in the water, especially in fluctuating water level, the distribution unit can be performed floating by buoyancy. For pressure-side operation, the distribution unit is positioned in the system "body of water" in such a way that the V-shaped incisions 3 are wholly above the water level of the body of water. The distribution unit can be mounted at any height above the water level. The higher the distribution unit is positioned above the water level, the higher the pressure build-up or water pressure after distribution. Due to the respective positioning, the water pressure required for the respective user - filter systems, crevices, fountains, water features - can be used independently of 25/01/2012 13:24
    No .: R304 P.014 / 041 25.Jan.2012 15:10 00431503510520 DIPL ING EDITH VINAZ2ER # 3059 P.015 / 041 • a aa a * aa aa »aa a« aa ··· * ··· «« The flow rate should be set well. An external device, such as a pump, an Archimedean screw or a jack, ensure that water is pressure-fed into the interior of the container 1 via the pipe or hose line coupled to the connection 2, and the latter is constantly filled. While a lifter can only build up comparatively low pressure, any pump head can be reached with a pump. Alternatively, the required water pressure may be established by supplying water from a higher tank or basin. About the V-shaped cuts 3, the supplied water flows to the same or defined proportions in the compartments 8 and from there through pipe or hose lines to the supplying "Benützem", such as the filter units. As an alternative to external devices, to fill the inner container 1, a pump or tubular pump 12 can also be positioned in the lower region of the interior of the container 1 during pressure-side operation, which sucks the water from the pipe or hose line coupled to the connection 2. Alternatively, an external lifter can introduce compressed air into the lower region of the inner container 1 via a separate feed line 14, as shown in FIG. 4, and thus effect the conveyance of water from the tube or hose line.
    Distribution units designed according to the invention are used in particular in systems for filtering water, in particular the water of a swimming pond or biotope. With a distribution unit according to the invention, a plurality of filter units can be supplied with water by means of only one delivery device, for example a pump. These filter units are designed by their volume and / or their surface such that by suction or charging of water an optimal filter effect can be achieved. L '
    Further, distribution units according to the invention may be arranged in cascades to provide a plurality of terminals. Thus, for example, a distribution unit which offers six connections can in turn be connected to a distribution unit via all or part of the pipe or hose line connections. For example, with six-terminal distribution units using seven non-built-in units, it is possible to provide up to thirty six connections to thirty-six filter units. 25/01/2012 13:24
    No .: R304 P.015 / 041 25.Jan.2012 15:11 00431503510520 DIPL ING EDITH VINAZ2ER # 3059 P.016 / 041 «·« «♦ · * · ·
    13
    Fig. 12 and Fig. 13a and Fig. 13b each show a diagram of an arrangement of a distribution unit with filter units 15 made of stone wool, rock wool offers because of their large surface area and their very favorable surface-to-volume ratio basically a good filter performance. To use them, a uniform flow of rock wool is required. In a preferred embodiment, the filter units 15 each consist of a solid rockwool block, which is surrounded or encased on the outside by a coarse-meshed fabric or the like. In the block over its length a plurality of slotted or otherwise perforated pipe is introduced, which is connected to one of the pipe or hose lines Sa. The filter units 15 can in principle be distributed anywhere in the water and are connected via the pipe or hose lines 5a to the distribution unit. FIG. 12 shows a simple arrangement with a distribution unit designed according to FIG. 10 and with two rows of filter units 15. The embodiment shown in FIGS. 13a and 13b as a "floating filter spindle" is particularly easy to install in any water or pond become. The distribution unit is designed, for example, analogously to the distribution unit according to FIGS. 8 a, 8 b and FIG. 3 and designed for suction-side operation. The rock wool filter units 15 are connected directly to the connections 5 of the freely floating distribution unit. Preferably plug connections are used, which allow a quick replacement of any clogged filter units 15. As shown, the distribution unit preferably already includes a tube pump 13 or a lift, so that only one cable connection for the power supply, preferably 12 volts, is provided for operation in order to allow a simultaneous bathing operation if required. In a further variant according to the invention, operation of the distribution unit can be provided with solar energy, with photovoltaic cells, which supply the current for operation of the tube pump 13.
    Fig. 11 shows a diagram of an arrangement of a distribution unit, which is carried out analogously to Fig. 1, with a plurality of filter units 15 ', which are spilled filters. The distribution unit provides an example of a pressure side, alternatively also for a suction side operation. In order to ensure a long-term uniform flow through the individual filter units 15 *, 25/01/2012 13:25
    DIPL ING EDITH VINAZZER # 3059 P.017 / 041 • · » If these are not too large, they should not be too large. The arrangement of the filter units 15 'is arbitrary, but is preferably an arrangement of the filter units 15' immediately adjacent.
    A filter unit 15 * with poured filter materials is shown in FIGS. 16a and 16b. A lattice 17 supported by feet 16 is located in a cuboid receptacle 18. On the lattice 17 a layer of a bed of low-pore doloraite gravel or crack 19 is applied. A layer of artificial or natural zeolite 20 with approximately the same particle size as the bed of dolomite gravel or crack 19 is introduced onto the layer on dolomite gravel or crack 19. The layer of zeolite 20 is covered with another layer of dolomite gravel or crack 19. A uniform grain size of dolomite gravel 19 and zeolite 20 is advantageous if the filter units 15 'should not be too large, so that no high pressure for the water distribution is required and the water flow can be high enough to guarantee a good water distribution. This can be achieved by means of a distribution unit according to the invention by dividing a usually large filter zone into a plurality of "partial filters". Another advantage of the uniform grain size is that a cleaning of the filter substrate with compressed air, which can be introduced for example by a compressor not shown via distribution lines 21 under the grid 17, is possible without causing the structure and function of the filter bed are at risk. In a preferred embodiment, in particular shown in Fig. 16b, perforated distribution lines 21 on the feet 16, which carry the grid 17, attached. The preferred flow through the bed is from top to bottom. This measure allows high feeds of several m * / h of water per m2 of filter without damaging the filter bed. A maintenance shaft 22 houses the compressed air supply line and is used in service to suck sediment, which accumulates under the grid 17 over time, without having to remove the filter bed.
    FIG. 17 shows a preferred embodiment of the use of filter units 15 'of poured filter materials. The five filter units 15 * are segments of a large-area filter and are separated from one another by partitions 23, which permit independent overflowing of the individual filter units 15'. Differences in the 25/01/2012 13:25
    No .: R304 P.017 / 041 25.Jan.2012 15:12 00431503510520 DIPL ING EDITH VINA2ZER # 3059 P.018 / 041 ···! · · · »·« · "· ♦ ·» · · "" · "·« «« «• · · · · · t * 15
    Flow through the filter units 15 ', which may arise over time by impurities, biofilm structure or root growth are visually detectable by comparing the Überstauungshöhen the filter units 15' and can thus be selectively remedied.
    Even when feeding filter units with Sandfiitern for slow filtration distribution units according to the invention can be used advantageously. Sand filters for slow filtration usually consist of large surfaces of fine materials or fine sand, which is flowed through at a slower rate. Such slow filters are used both in drinking water treatment and in many water treatment systems for bathing water. Even with these filters, a uniform flow through the entire filter surface is a prerequisite for effective filtration. The more uniform the flow of the surface can be carried out, the finer the material can be and the lower the bed height can be selected. Usually, according to the prior art slowest for swimming ponds with heights of about one meter are recommended, with the use of inventive distribution units and suitable choice of substrate, the same PeinigongBlftistiing can reach with beds of a few centimeters high. Therefore, less filter material is needed and the filter material is easier to maintain or replace. In a preferred embodiment, it is provided to introduce the filter sand in about 1 m2 large fields, which can be overstowed by suitable separations independently. The preferred bed height is between 5 cm and 20 cm. Each of these fields forms a filter unit and is connected by a hose or alternatively by a channel with a compartment 8 of a distribution unit according to the invention.
    In one embodiment of the invention, a sand filter can also be applied to a spilled filter according to FIGS. 16 a and 17. In Fig. 16a and Fig. 17, the sand filter layer is denoted by 24. Since the 'water distribution by a separate feed of small fields of this finest filter layer takes place, the underlying layers of poured material are also flowed through evenly without a continuous separation of the layers of coarse filter material is required. This 25/01/2012 13:26
    No .: R304 P.018 / 041 25.Jan.2012 15:12 00431503510520 DIPL ING EDITH VINAZZER # 3059 P.019 / 041 t · «I ♦ · · * m ···· • * · · * · ti · ····· * ············· 16 simplifies the design and combines the biological purification of a zeolite filter with the mechanical filtration of a sand filter.
    Filter substrates, which are lighter than water, are preferably flowed through from bottom to top, because in this direction the filter bed is stable. Such filter units 15 "are, for example, floating bed filters, as shown in FIG. 14. For cleaning a body of water, several filter units 15 "are used, which are charged with water by a distribution unit designed according to the invention. Floating bed filters are usually installed in container 25, which do not have large dimensions. The floating bed filter has adjustable feet 26 aufi on which a grid 27 is located. A second grille 28 held by the container 25 prevents the floating substrate, which is located in the filter chamber 29, which flows through from bottom to top, from floating. On the upper grid 28 is a sand layer 34 for Feinfiltratton. The above room 30 holds supernatant water. This space 30 and the filter sand can optionally be planted with marsh plants. In the upper region of the container 25 is in an inlet chamber 31, the connection to the pipe or hose 5a to the distribution unit in the inlet chamber 31, a compressed air hose 32 is introduced, which can supply compressed compressed air distribution lines 33 with compressed air. Furthermore, sediment, which collects under the lower grid 27 over time, can be sucked off via the inlet chamber 31.
    FIG. 15 shows a schematic of a system having a distribution unit and two filter units 15 "designed as suspended bed filters, as shown in FIG. 14, and three pump chambers 35, which suck surface water and supply it to the inner container 1 of the distribution unit.
    It can be used in combination with each other several differently designed filter units with different flow rates of water. Thus, for example, for a swimming pond in which high demands are placed on the stability of the water purification, a combination of five SteinwoUltiltra with three Sandfdtem for slow filtration, also be provided with two poured filters and a floating bed filter. Each of these different filter systems or each 25/01/2012 13:26
    No .: R304 P.019 / 041 25.Jan, 2012 15:12 00431503510520 DIPL ING EDITH VINAZZER # 3059 P.020 / 041
    25.Jan, 2012 15:12 00431503510520 DIPL ING EDITH VINAZZER # 3059 P.020 / 041 14 | f * · · ♦ «4M» 4 «V · fl · ·« *
    »· T 4 k t» «I • ff ··» # «· 4 f% 17
    Filtration shows different properties in water treatment. Sandfiher for mechanical slow filtration are charged with a small amount of water per square meter surface. Filter units with biological filtration over zeolite, which ensure an improved nitrogen supply for the biofilm structure, are charged with an average amount of water and floating bed filters are charged with a rather high amount of water. To intercept load peaks, replaceable rock wool filters can also be used. So far, if one wanted to use the different properties of the individual different filter systems in one system, one had to rely on the use of several pump systems. With the use of Vertcileinheiten according to the invention, the number of pumps can be reduced, thus the investment and maintenance costs are lower. A single, high-capacity, energy-efficient pumping station makes it easy to provide the optimum combination for water treatment.
    Furthermore, it can be provided to provide individual terminals of the distribution units with Absperrmöglicbkciten, even in an automatable manner. The option of a controller is particularly interesting if due to different loads on the water different treatment steps are advantageous or should be made.
    Another application according to the invention lies in the combination of biological filter units, such as filter units with poured materials, with sand filters for slow filtration, which are charged in succession. The ideal filter performance of slow filters is usually less than 1 m3 / h, the biological filter should have high filtering performance to ensure rapid biofilm buildup. If you would like to use a stream of water to feed both filter types, the area of the slow filter must be many times larger than the area of the biological filter. A redistribution of the water after the passage of the one filter system, regardless of which is first flown, is essential for an optimal filter function. The first filter, which is uniformly supplied with water via a distributor unit according to the invention, is positioned so high that its outlet can be directed into a second distribution unit, which supplies the second filter type in a design-appropriate manner. In this way, a cascading of different filter types, but also several identical filter types 25/01/2012 13:27
    No.: R304 P.020 / 041 25.Jan.2012 15:13 00431503510520 DIPL ING EDITH VINA2ZER # 3059 P.021 / 041 ·· * * # «18 possible. Successively scheduled distribution units can be supplied with water not only by height differences but also by lift, so that in addition aeration of the water takes place between the individual Filteipassagen. The necessary for the operation of the Verteueinheiten drives, such as pumps, Rohrpurapen, lift and the like, can simultaneously operate water features or Skimmereinrichtungen. In order to provide sufficient water pressure for water games, such as spring stones and the like, the distribution unit can be positioned higher than the water level of the water body and operated on the pressure side. The Veneileinheit can also be set up in the form of a column with integrated pump, tube pump and the like. The column can also be designed as a water feature. Such units therefore replace in a particularly energy-saving manner classical pump shafts or wallboards, in which the distribution takes place by pressure build-up on sliders and taps. 25/01/2012 13:27
    No .: R304 P.021 / 041 25.Jan.2012 15:13 00431503510520 DIPL ING EDITH VINAZZER # 3059 P.022 / 041 * * * * * * '* * * * * * «« * * * * * * « • * * · * * «19
    Reference numerals 1 ....................... inner container la ..................... upper Edge 2 ....................... Connection 2a ..................... Pipe or hose 3 ....................... Cutting 4 ..................... ..Outer container 5 ....................... Connection 5a .................... .Piping pipe 6 ....................... Intermediate wall 7 .. ................ ..... floor 8 ....................... compartment 9 .................. ..... Partition 10 .. ................... Aperture 11 .................... .Skala 12 ..................... pump 13 ........................ raw-flow pump 14. .................... Supply line 15 ..................... Filtration unit 15 '.... ............... Filter unit 15 ".................. Filter unit 16 ............ ......... foot 17 ..................... grid 18 ................ ..... receptacle 25/01/2012 13:27
    No .: R304 P.022 / 041 25.Jan.2012 15:13 00431503510520 DIPL ING EDITH VINA2ZER # 3059 P.023 / 041 25.Jan.2012 15:13 00431503510520 DIPL ING EDITH VINA2ZER # 3059 P.023 / 041 · "··
    * * «*« + Φ * * * I »* *« t Ψ f * # »# 4 * * · ♦ · · * t * * * * * * * * # 20 19 ........ ............. Doloraite gravel or crack 20 ..................... Zeolite 21 ......... ............ Distribution 22 ..................... Maintenance shaft 23 ............. ........ separation 24 ..................... Sandßlter 25 ................. .... container 26 ..................... adjustable foot 27 ..................... Grid 28 ..................... Grid 29 ..................... Filterraura 30 .. ................... room 31 ..................... Einlaufkamraer 32 ...... ............... Drackluftschlauch 33 "........................ compressed air distribution line 34 ........... .......... sand layer 25/01/2012 13:27
    No .: R304 P.023 / 041
    权利要求:
    Claims (25)
    [1]
    25.Jan.2012 15:14 00431503510520 DIPL ING EDITH VINAZZER # 3059 P.024 / 041 * · · # • · * «« I «*« «f 9 * · I • * * * * ♦« · ** 4 1. Distribution unit for use in a body of water for the controlled supply of water to filter units (15.15% 15 ") and / or for the operation of facilities using water, characterized in that it comprises an inner and an outer container ( 1.4) auftoeist between which containers (1,4) at least two open-top compartments (8) are formed, wherein at the upper edge of the inner container (1) formed incisions (3) feet connections for water between the compartments (8) and the In the interior of the inner container (1) overshadow, and wherein each compartment (8) and the inner container (1) is provided with at least one connection (2,5) for supplying or discharging water
    [2]
    2. Distribution unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the incisions (3) are V * shaped or U-shaped.
    [3]
    3. Distribution unit according to claim 1, characterized in that in the inner container (1) a centrifugal pump (12), a pipe pump (13) or a lifter is installed.
    [4]
    4. Distribution unit according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that the inner and the outer container (1,4) are cylindrically shaped and arranged one inside the other.
    [5]
    5. Distribution unit according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that the inner and the outer container (1,4) as prisms, in particular as regular prisms, executed and arranged one inside the other. 25/01/2012 13:28 No .: R304 P.024 / 041
    [6]
    25.Jan.2012 15:14 00431503510520 DIPL ING EDITH VINAZZER # 3059 P.025 / 041 • · · «22
    [7]
    6. Distribution unit according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that the inner container (1) of partitions in the outer container (4) is formed.
    [8]
    7. Distribution unit according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the incisions (3) are made coincident.
    [9]
    8. Distribution unit according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that at least some of the incisions (3) have different cross-sectional areas.
    [10]
    9. Distribution unit according to claim 8, characterized in that one or more compartment (s) (8) via cuts (3) of the same dimensioning with the inner container (1) are in communication, while at least one other compartment (8) via or several incisions (3) with different dimensions with the inner container (1) are in communication.
    [11]
    10. Distribution unit according to one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the Querschnittsfläcbe at least one incision (3), in particular by means of a diaphragm (10), is variably adjustable or variable.
    [12]
    11. Distribution unit according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that it is provided with Auftriebskörpem.
    [13]
    12. Use of the distribution unit according to one or more of claims 1 to 11 in the suction or pressure side operation in a system for filtering water of a water body with at least two filter units (15,15 ', 15 ").
    [14]
    13. Use of the distribution unit according to claim 12 for filtering water in at least one filter unit (15) made of rock wool. 25/01/2012 13:28 No .: R304 P.025 / 041
    [15]
    24. Use of the distribution unit according to claim 13 for filtering water in several filter units (IS) made of rock wool, which are attached directly to the distribution unit 25.Jan.2012 15:14 00431503510520 DIPL ING EDITH VINAZZER # 3059 P.026 / 04 23 14. Use.
    [16]
    15. Use of the distribution unit according to claim 12 for filtering water in filter units, which are segments of a slowly flowing sand filter.
    [17]
    16. Use of the distribution unit according to claim 12 2ur filtering of water in at least one feeder unit (15 *). which contains one or more layers (J9, 20) of poured filter materials such as zeolite, gravel, expanded clay and the like.
    [18]
    17. Use of the distribution unit according to claim 16, characterized in that the uppermost layer of the filter unit (15 ') is a sand filter.
    [19]
    18. Use of the distribution unit according to claim 12 for filtering water in a filter unit (15 ") having a floating bed filter.
    [20]
    19. Use of the distribution unit according to claim 18, characterized in that a sand filter layer is applied to the suspended bed material.
    [21]
    20. Use of the distribution unit according to one of claims 12 to 19 with filter units of different types.
    [22]
    21. System for filtering a water body with at least two filter units and with at least one distribution unit according to one or more of claims 1 to 11.
    [23]
    22. System according to claim 21, characterized in that a plurality of filter units are provided by means arranged therebetween Vrteileinhcitcn.
    [24]
    23. System according to claim 21, characterized in that there are other water-using facilities, such as spring stones, water features, streams, Skimmer, 25/01/2012 13:28 No .: R304 P.026 / 041
    [25]
    25.Jan.2012 15:15 00431503510520 DIPL ING EDITH VINAZZER # 3059 P.027 / 041 * ft contains 24 onflow nozzles and the like, which are supplied with water by at least one distribution unit. 25/01/2012 13:29 No .: R304 P.027 / 041
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    AT512481B1|2014-08-15|
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    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US2891574A|1956-06-18|1959-06-23|Deady Chemical Company|Bleed-off structure for cooling towers|
    WO1991002854A1|1989-08-21|1991-03-07|Hans Brattrud|Continuously adjustable v-shaped overflow means|
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    KR20090089542A|2008-02-19|2009-08-24|최인재|Providing small water supply|
    WO2011091478A1|2010-01-30|2011-08-04|Richard Karl Krouzecky|Tangential flow particle separator and method therefor|
    US6444126B1|2000-09-19|2002-09-03|T. M. Gates, Inc.|System and method for treating sanitary wastewater for on-site disposal|
    DE10140652A1|2001-08-24|2003-03-06|Roland Plocher|Device for cleaning liquids|CN110130438B|2019-05-27|2020-12-18|中国水利水电第八工程局有限公司|Surface water taking well|
    CN110252194A|2019-07-02|2019-09-20|清远南玻节能新材料有限公司|Liquid injection system and mixing arrangement|
    法律状态:
    2017-09-15| MM01| Lapse because of not paying annual fees|Effective date: 20170125 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    AT932012A|AT512481B1|2012-01-25|2012-01-25|DISTRIBUTION UNIT, ITS USE AND SYSTEM FOR FILTERING A WATER|AT932012A| AT512481B1|2012-01-25|2012-01-25|DISTRIBUTION UNIT, ITS USE AND SYSTEM FOR FILTERING A WATER|
    EP13151553.8A| EP2620558B1|2012-01-25|2013-01-17|Distributor unit, its use and a system for filtering of a body of water|
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