• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Heat conducting device (1) for dissipating heat of a spark plug housing (2) of a spark plug (3), in particular laser spark plug, an internal combustion engine, in particular a stationary gas engine, wherein the heat conducting device (1) is at least partially deformable, preferably elastically deformable, and substantially incompressible.
    公开号:AT512038A4
    申请号:T18812011
    申请日:2011-12-23
    公开日:2013-05-15
    发明作者:Friedrich Gruber；Markus Kraus
    申请人:Ge Jenbacher Gmbh & Co Ohg；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to a heat conducting device for dissipating heat of a spark plug housing of a spark plug, in particular laser spark plug, an internal combustion engine, in particular a stationary gas engine.
    Due to the constant effort to increase the power output of internal combustion engines, especially stationary high-performance gas engines, the spark plugs used in such internal combustion engines are exposed to increasingly high thermal loads. The spark plugs used with electrode ignition or laser ignition are usually arranged either in a spark plug shaft of a cylinder head of the internal combustion engine or in a separate spark plug receptacle or spark plug sleeve, which in turn is attached to the cylinder head.
    In particular, when using known in the prior art laser spark plugs, in which a laser light generating laser crystal is arranged in the spark plug housing, too high temperatures in the laser crystal affect adversely, since both the life and the optical efficiency of a laser crystal decrease with increasing operating temperature. Particularly in the case of large high-performance gas engines, the components delimiting the combustion chamber are subjected to very high thermal loads. These are often relatively long spark plug wells, in which the spark plugs are installed and in which the wall temperatures already be about 90 ° C. Basically, the laser crystal should have no higher temperatures than about 130 ° C during operation. The optimum operating temperatures are between 90 ° C and 100 ° C. It is therefore important to keep the heat input from the combustion chamber as low as possible and to dissipate heat from the spark plug housing.
    For cooling a laser spark plug, it is known from EP 1 519 038 A1 to arrange a cooling device on a laser spark plug which is equipped with one or more separate cooling systems. However, such active cooling is very complex and also leads to an enlarged design of the laser spark plug.
    Furthermore, passive cooling systems are known for cooling laser spark plugs. Thus, DE 10 2009 000 487 A1 shows a laser spark plug with a passive heat sink, which operates on the convection principle. The disadvantage here again is a relatively large size of the laser spark plug. In addition, the passive heat sink is hindering the installation of the laser spark plug in a spark plug well or a spark plug sleeve.
    The invention has therefore set itself the task of providing a comparison with the prior art improved cooling of a spark plug. In particular, the design of the spark plug should be increased as little as possible and the spark plug should be able to be arranged in the usual manner in the spark plug shaft or in the spark plug sleeve.
    This object is achieved by the features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims.
    According to the invention, it is thus provided that the heat-conducting device is at least partially deformable, preferably elastically deformable, and substantially incompressible.
    A proposed heat conducting device can be arranged on a lateral surface of a spark plug housing. Due to the deformability and incompressibility of the heat conducting device, this can be optimally molded to the shape of the spark plug housing, which can achieve the largest possible heat-dissipating contact surface between the heat conducting and spark plug housing. By a positive contact of the heat conducting device with the spark plug housing, an optimal thermal coupling can be achieved beyond.
    In accordance with a generally at least sectionally cylindrical configuration of a spark plug housing, the proposed thermal conduction device may be proposed be configured substantially annular or torus-shaped. Preferably, therefore, it can be provided that the heat-conducting device is substantially annular, preferably designed as a substantially closed ring. Of course, the heat conducting device can also be designed as a non-closed ring or as a ring segment or generally as a ring-shaped bent tube. The heat conducting device can also be designed to be wound, for example in the form of a helical spring. In general, the heat-conducting device can have any shape and, for example, also be plate-shaped.
    In the installed position of a spark plug, an inner surface of the proposed heat conducting device can be arranged substantially positively on a lateral surface of the spark plug housing, wherein it can be preferably provided that the spark plug housing is arranged with respect to a longitudinal axis of the spark plug radially outwardly projecting support web, for a first Supporting surface of the heat-conducting device forms a defined stop For fastening or positionally stable fixing of the heat-conducting device to the spark plug, a fastening device can be provided by which a force is applied to one of the first bearing surface of the heat-conducting device in a cross-section along the longitudinal axis of the spark plug substantially opposite second bearing surface of the heat conducting device exercisable.
    Due to the at least partial deformability and the substantially incompressibility of the heat-conducting device, the surface of the heat-conducting device can be brought into positive contact with the jacket surface of the spark plug housing and with an inner surface of a spark plug shaft or a spark plug sleeve. The deformability and the incompressibility, moreover, the contact surface between the surface of the heat conducting device and the lateral surface of the spark plug housing or the inner surface of the spark plug or the spark plug sleeve can be maximized, resulting in a maximum heat transfer surface for the intended heat dissipation from the spark plug housing.
    According to a particularly preferred embodiment it can be provided that the heat-conducting device comprises a heat-conducting medium with a transverse contraction number greater than 0.35, preferably greater than 0.4, particularly preferably substantially 0.5. The heat transfer medium may include, for example, known in the art materials such as water or a thermal paste. The heat-conducting medium preferably comprises or consists essentially of a thermally conductive elastomer. The transverse contraction number or Poisson's number is a known material property, which expresses the degree of compressibility of a material. It is defined as the negative ratio of relative change in thickness to relative change in length of a material under the action of an external force or stress. A transverse contraction number of 0.5 means that the volume of a body made of a corresponding material remains substantially constant under load despite changing the contour.
    The surface of the heat-conducting device can also be formed by a wall. It can thus be provided that the heat-conducting device comprises an at least partially-preferably elastically-deformable wall, wherein the wall encloses the heat-conducting medium. The wall may comprise silicone elastomer, nitrile-butadiene rubber and / or polychloroprene rubber or consist essentially of one or more of these substances.
    Protection is also desired for a spark plug according to any one of claims 8 to 13 and for a spark plug sleeve according to claim 14 and a cylinder head according to claim 15.
    Further details and advantages of the present invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the description of the figures with reference to the exemplary embodiments illustrated in the drawings. It shows or shows:
    1a is a plan view of a proposed heat conducting device,
    1b is a cross-sectional view of the heat-conducting device according to FIGS. 1a, 5
    Fig. 2 to 4 installation situations of spark plugs with different
    Embodiments of proposed Wärmeleitvorrichtungen arranged in longitudinal sections,
    Fig. 5 shows a laser spark plug with a heat conducting device arranged thereon in a longitudinal section and Fig. 6a, 6b, a fastening device in different views.
    FIG. 1a shows a plan view of an annular or torus-shaped heat conducting device 1, and FIG. 1b shows a cross section of this heat conducting device 1 according to section line A-A of FIG. 1a. The heat-conducting device 1 is designed as a substantially closed ring, which has an inner diameter 10. The surface of the heat conducting device 1 is formed by an elastically deformable wall 5, which may for example consist of a silicone elastomer. The wall 5 defines an interior 7 of the heat conducting device 1, which is filled in this example with a thermally highly conductive heat conducting medium 4 with a transverse contraction number of substantially 0.5, for example with a thermally conductive elastomer.
    The heat-conducting device 1 can be plugged onto a spark plug 3 or a spark plug housing 2 so that an inner surface 11 of the heat-conducting device 1 rests against a lateral surface 20 of the spark plug housing 2 (see, for example, FIG.
    Fig. 2 shows a vorgagene heat conducting device 1 in a possible installation situation on a spark plug 3 in a longitudinal section along a longitudinal axis L of the spark plug 3. The spark plug 3 is arranged in this example in a spark plug sleeve 17, for example screwed. The spark plug housing 2 of the spark plug 3 has in this example a with respect to the longitudinal axis L of the spark plug 3 radially outwardly projecting, circumferential support web 12 which forms a defined stop for a first bearing surface 13 of the heat conducting device 1. The spark plug housing 2 is formed substantially cylindrical in the area shown, wherein a lateral surface 20 of the spark plug housing 2 has an outer diameter 9 which is smaller than or equal to the inner diameter 10 of the heat conducting device 1. As a result, the heat-conducting device 6 1 can be plugged onto the spark plug housing 2 in the illustrated end area 16 of the spark plug housing 2 until the first bearing surface 13 on the bearing web 12 of the spark plug housing 2 comes to a stop. For increased stability during assembly of the heat-conducting device 1, the heat-conducting device 1 in the region of its first bearing surface 13 has a substantially rigid, circumferential stop region 6. In order to be able to provide for a positionally stable fixation of the heat conducting device 1 by a fastening device My stable support surface for the fastening device 14, in this case, the second support surface 15 of the heat conducting device 1 has a substantially rigid, circumferential stop region 6. The rigid abutment regions 6 can be designed, for example, as corresponding stiffeners of the wall 5. As fastening device 14, a clamping sleeve is provided with an external thread in this example, wherein the external thread of the clamping sleeve cooperates with a corresponding internal thread of the spark plug sleeve 17.
    By the fastening device 14 can be exercised in accordance with pressure on the heat conducting device 1 in the direction of the longitudinal axis L of the spark plug 3. Due to the deformability and incompressibility of the heat conducting device 1, a deformation of the surface or wall 5 of the heat conducting device 1 occurs, so that these each optimally and positively with its inner surface 11 to the outer surface 20 of the spark plug housing 2 and with its outer surface 18 against the inner surface 19 of the spark plug sleeve 17 can form. As a result, the contact surface between the heat conducting device 1 and the adjacent components (spark plug housing 2 and spark plug sleeve 17) is maximized, so that in each case a large-area, positive contact can be achieved for optimum heat transfer. A heat prevailing on the lateral surface 20 of the spark plug housing 2 can thus be transmitted via the inner surface 11 of the heat-conducting device 1 to the heat-conducting medium 4 of the heat-conducting device 1 and subsequently removed via the outer surface 18 of the heat-conducting device 1 to the inner surface 19 of the spark plug sleeve 17. 7
    FIG. 3 shows an arrangement according to FIG. 2, wherein in this case a plurality of force accumulators 8 in the form of compression springs are arranged in an interior space 7 of the heat-conducting device 1 defined by the wall 5. As a result, an expansion of the heat-conducting device 1 can be facilitated, for example, for maintenance purposes, since the force accumulators 8 are discharged when the fastening device 14 is removed, whereby the thickness of the heat-conducting device 1 decreases in the radial direction with respect to the longitudinal axis L of the spark plug 3 and the heat-conducting device 1 itself thus easier to remove from the spark plug sleeve 17.
    4 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a proposed heat conducting device 1. In this case, two essentially rigid stop regions 6 of the wall 5 are formed by metal platelets or metal rings which are arranged on the first contact surface 13 and the second contact surface 15 of the heat conducting device 1. As a fastening device 14 here is a tension spring is used, which presses on the abutment portion 6 of the second bearing surface 15 of the heat conducting device 1 and the heat conducting device 1 thereby forms on the spark plug housing 2 and the spark plug sleeve 17 and fixed in a stable position. By means of the tension spring used in this example as fastening device 14, mounting of the heat-conducting device 1 and a fixation-stable fixing of the spark plug 3 in a conventional spark plug sleeve 17 or a conventional spark plug shaft 22 of a cylinder head 21 can take place. In particular, the spark plug sleeve 17 or the spark plug shaft 22 need not have any internal thread or other special devices, since this fastening device 14 does not interact directly with the spark plug sleeve 17 or the spark plug well 22.
    The wall 5 of a proposed heat-conducting device 1 may, for example, at least partially consist of one or more of the materials silicone elastomer, nitrile-butadiene rubber or polychloroprene rubber and generally have a thickness of about 1 mm to 2 mm. The width B of the heat conducting device 1 may be about 5 mm to 10 mm and the height H of the heat conducting device 1 may be about 20 mm to 40 mm. As 8 Wärmeleitmedium 4 in an area bounded by the wall 5 interior 7 of the heat conducting device 1, water or a thermal paste, such as the known under the name Thermogrease high temperature grease can be used.
    Fig. 5 shows a sectional view through a cylinder head 21, wherein in a spark plug well 22 of the cylinder head 21, a spark plug 3 is arranged. In the area of the spark plug shaft 22, a plurality of cooling devices 24 in the form of cooling channels are arranged in the cylinder head 21, through which a cooling medium, for example cooling water, flows and thereby cool the cylinder head 21. The cylinder head 21 has a cylinder head bottom 23, by means of which, in the installation position of the cylinder head 21, a combustion space 25 of an internal combustion engine (not shown here) can be limited. In other words, the cylinder head floor 23 forms an (upper) wall of a combustion chamber 25 of an internal combustion engine, e.g. a stationary gas engine.
    The spark plug 3 is designed in this example as a laser spark plug and comprises a three-piece spark plug housing 2a, 2b, 2c, in which a solid-state laser 26 is arranged in the form of a laser crystal. The solid state laser 26 is connected via an optical waveguide to a pump module, not shown here, which comprises a pump light source, for example in the form of a semiconductor laser, and optically pumps the solid state laser 26 in a known manner. The emerging from the solid-state laser 26 light beams are coupled via corresponding and known optical components at the combustion chamber end of the laser spark plug into the combustion chamber 25 of an internal combustion engine, wherein at the focal point of the beams a plasma light or spark is generated.
    The spark plug housing 2 is executed in several parts in the example shown and comprises - along the longitudinal axis L of the spark plug 3 - in installation position a combustion chamber side housing part 2a, a combustion chamber facing away from housing part 2c and between the combustion chamber side housing part 2a and the combustion chamber facing away from the housing part 2c arranged middle housing part 2b. Between an outer surface 20 of the combustion chamber facing away from the housing part 2 c and 9 an inner surface 19 of the spark plug well 22, an annular heat conducting device 1 is arranged on the spark plug 3. The spark plug shaft 22 has an internal thread into which a fastening device 14 in the form of a clamping sleeve is screwed.
    The fastening device 14 is screwed into the cylinder head 21 in the upper end region of the spark plug shaft 22 and presses with its lower end face 27 (see FIG. 6 a) against the second bearing surface 15 of the heat-conducting device 1. The deformability and incompressibility of the heat-conducting device 1 results in a Deformation of the surface or wall 5 of the heat conducting device 1, so that each of these can optimally and form-fit with its inner surface 11 to the outer surface 20 of the spark plug housing 2c and with its outer surface 18 to the inner surface 19 of the spark plug shaft 22. As a result, the spark plug 3 is pressed against a sealing seat in the region of the cylinder head bottom 23 and fixed in a stable position.
    Fig. 6a shows a perspective view of a fastening device 14 in the form of a clamping sleeve and Fig. 6b shows a corresponding plan view. The fastening device 14 has an external thread 28 for screwing the fastening device 14 with a corresponding internal thread on the spark plug shaft 22 of a cylinder head 21 or a spark plug sleeve 17.
    In the upper end region of the fastening device 14, two groove-shaped receptacles 29 are provided in order to attach a threaded wrench to the fastening device 14 can. Due to the formed, slot-shaped opening 30 along the longitudinal extent of the fastening device 14, this can easily on a light guide of a prefabricated, non-dismantlable assembly - for example comprising a spark plug housing 2 arranged therein with solid-state laser 26 and associated optics, a light guide and a pump connected to the light pump - be put on. With the aid of the lower end face 27 of the fastening device 14, a heat conducting device 1 arranged on a spark plug 3 can be clamped or compressed correspondingly between the spark plug housing 2 and the spark plug shaft 22 or spark plug socket 17. 10
    In the exemplary embodiments shown, the heat-conducting device 1 is arranged in each case in the end region 16 of a spark plug 3 facing away from the combustion chamber. This has the advantage, in particular in the case of laser spark plugs having a laser crystal arranged in the interior of the spark plug housing 2, that the immediate vicinity of the laser crystal can be cooled by applying the heat of the spark plug housing 2 to the spark plug sleeve 17 or a (usually cooled ) Cylinder head 21 can be removed. In addition, this installation situation also has the advantage that the spark plug 3 itself is fixed in a stable position by the positionally stable fixation of the heat conducting device 1 in this area. As a result, the spark plug 3 can no longer oscillate freely when mechanical vibrations or vibrations occur, as a result of which damage to the spark plug 3 caused thereby can be avoided. But it is of course also possible that a proposed heat conducting device 1 is arranged at a different area of the spark plug housing 2 of a spark plug 3. For example, it may be provided to arrange a heat conducting device 1 alternatively or additionally in a combustion chamber facing end region of a spark plug 3 at this. This has the advantage that thereby the heat input or heat flow from the combustion chamber 25 of an internal combustion engine along the spark plug housing 2 in the direction of the laser crystal can be reduced.
    Innsbruck, December 22, 2011
    权利要求:
    Claims (2)
    [1]
    • * * ·· * «· ψ ·· • ft * *» · · *

    1, heat conducting device (1) for dissipating heat of a ZDndkerzengehäuses (2) of a spark plug (3), in particular laser spark plug, an internal combustion engine, in particular a stationary gas engine, characterized in that the heat conducting device (1) at least partially deformable, preferably elastically deformable, and is substantially incompressible. 2. Heat conducting device according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat conducting device (1) is substantially annular, preferably designed as a substantially closed ring. 3. Heat conducting device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the heat conducting device (1) comprises a heat conducting medium (4) with a transverse contraction number greater than 0.35, preferably greater than 0.4, more preferably substantially 0.5. 4. Heat conducting device according to claim 3, characterized in that the heat-conducting medium (4) comprises a thermally conductive elastomer. 5. Heat conducting device according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the heat conducting device (1) at least partially - preferably elastically - deformable wall (5), wherein the wall (5), the heat transfer medium {4) envelops. 6. The heat conducting device according to claim 5, characterized in that in a by the wall (5) defined interior space (7) of the heat conducting device (1) at least one energy storage device (8), preferably a compression spring, is arranged. 7. Heat conducting device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the heat conducting device (1) has at least one substantially rigid stop region (6).

    2. 8. spark plug (3), in particular laser spark plug, with a spark plug housing (2) and with a heat conducting device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the heat conducting device (1) on the spark plug housing (2) is arranged. 9. Spark plug according to claim 8, characterized in that an inner surface (11) of the heat conducting device (1) rests substantially positive fit on a lateral surface (20) of the spark plug housing (2). 10. Spark plug according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that on the spark plug housing (2) with respect to a longitudinal axis (L) of the spark plug (3) radially outwardly projecting support web (12) is arranged, for a first bearing surface (13 ) of the heat conducting device (1) forms a defined stop. 11. A spark plug according to claim 10, characterized in that a fastening device (14) is provided by the on one of the first bearing surface (13) of the heat conducting device (1) in a cross section along the longitudinal axis (L) of the spark plug (3) substantially opposite second bearing surface (15) of the heat conducting device (1) a force is exercised. 12. Spark plug according to one of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that the heat conducting device (1) in an end region (16) of the spark plug housing (2) is arranged. 13. Spark plug according to one of claims 8 to 12, characterized in that the spark plug (3) is designed as a laser spark plug. 14. spark plug sleeve (17) with a spark plug (3) according to one of claims 8 to 13, characterized in that an outer surface (18) of the heat conducting device (1) substantially positively against an inner surface (19) of the spark plug sleeve (17).
    [2]
    15. Cylinder head (21) with a in a spark plug well (22) of the cylinder head (21) arranged spark plug (3) according to one of claims 8 to 13, characterized in that an outer surface (18) of the heat conducting device (1) substantially in a form-fitting manner an inner surface (19) of the spark plug shaft (22) rests. Innsbruck, December 22, 2011
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    AT512038B1|2013-05-15|
    EP2607681A2|2013-06-26|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US3157164A|1963-09-20|1964-11-17|Worthington Corp|Internal combustion engine spark plug assembly|
    JPH0945456A|1995-08-01|1997-02-14|Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd|Spark plug|
    DE102009047010A1|2009-11-23|2011-05-26|Robert Bosch Gmbh|Laser spark plug and operating method therefor|
    DE102013021547A1|2013-12-18|2014-07-31|Daimler Ag|Cylinder head for internal combustion engine, has combustion chamber roof that is formed partially by cylinder head portion and partially by receptacle for spark plug and is partially limited by insert portion|
    CN103986064B|2014-06-09|2016-03-16|张小亚|A kind of heat insulation type sparking plug for internal combustion engine|
    法律状态:
    2018-08-15| MM01| Lapse because of not paying annual fees|Effective date: 20171223 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    AT18812011A|AT512038B1|2011-12-23|2011-12-23|HEATING DEVICE FOR DISPOSING THE HEAT OF A SPARKLING HOUSING OF A SPARK PLUG|AT18812011A| AT512038B1|2011-12-23|2011-12-23|HEATING DEVICE FOR DISPOSING THE HEAT OF A SPARKLING HOUSING OF A SPARK PLUG|
    EP20120008099| EP2607681A2|2011-12-23|2012-12-04|Heat dissipation device for dissipating the heat of a sparkplug housing of a spark plug|
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