• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a device for climbing a rope and for securing a climber, comprising: a frame / housing (2) for mounting the device at the upper end (1) of a climbing route; a shaft (3) rotatably mounted on the frame / in the housing (2) with a guide element (4) for guiding, conveying and deflecting a safety rope (5) guided through the frame / housing (2); a bracket (6) for fixing the end (5a) of the safety rope (5) guided through the frame / housing (2) at the upper end (1) of the climbing route; a weight (7) displaceably carried on the portion of the safety rope (5) located between the frame / housing (2) and the holder (6) for tightening the safety rope (5); and a spring-biased inner shoe brake (8) which is connected via an overrunning clutch (9) with the shaft (3), whereby from the brake (8) in a rotational direction of the shaft (3) a braking torque is transferable to this.
    公开号:AT512020A1
    申请号:T13992011
    申请日:2011-09-28
    公开日:2013-04-15
    发明作者:
    申请人:Univ Wien Tech；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    * * * Φ * · · * ·· φ Φ Φ · I Φ Φ Φ · φ · > «Φ · * φ φ φ * φφ φ
    The invention relates to a VorüfhfungVSellföhmrig when climbing and for securing a climber. "Climbing" has changed a lot in recent years. Formerly a means to an end for reaching the highest points of rock walls or mountains, the idea of free-climbing has developed parallel to this during the last century. However, it is not, as is often wrongly believed, climbed without any backup, however, the tools used quite useful such as ropes, hooks or carabiners serve only the backup and not the movement in the vertical. Thanks to the construction of numerous climbing gyms, this type of climbing has evolved from a marginal to a recreational sport.
    Basically, two people are involved in climbing a sport climbing route or climbing wall: the climber and the belayer. There is a distinction between climbing in the lead and climbing with toprope. In the former case, the climber hangs the safety rope periodically in interim backups or " express loops " on the wall, from where it hangs down to the belayer. In toprope climbing, the climbing rope runs from the belayer to the top of the climbing route where it is deflected and comes in " from above " to the climber.
    If the climber rises, the length of the rope between him and the belayer shortens. The latter can assist the climber in climbing by tensioning the rope. If the climber reaches the end of his climbing route, he is released by the belayer with dosed speed to the starting point. However, the climber crashes during ascent, i. If it slips off the wall, the belayer catches the fall by fixing the rope. In doing so, he can either use suitable securing knots in climbing ropes or technical aids, e.g. a device that either automatically locks the rope under load or at least significantly reduces the holding force. -1 - I · I »· Φ ♦ Φ * · · · * · φ φ φ φ φ · φφ φ φφ φφφφφ φ φφ φ
    According to the state of the art 'sin'd'zahJneicfre's'Hsictrerungshilfe for abseiling, among other things, especially for sport climbers known. Thus, EP 958.845 A2 describes a safety device for toprope climbers, i. for operation by a securing person, the rope being moved over several pulleys, i. a rope brake, is deflected at the top of the climbing route. In one direction of the rope, a general freewheel is provided in the other direction blocks at least one of the rollers, so as to achieve a braking effect.
    However, there are also known backup devices that make the presence of the second person superfluous. For example, DE 200 12 018 U1 describes a climbing cable train for toprope climbers to be mounted on the floor or at the upper end of the climbing wall, operated by an electric motor. The climbing rope is thereby deflected at the highest point of the Velcro wall or can there optionally via a conventional rope brake, i. several pulleys, also braked. From the point of deflection, it runs into a holding device with the electric motor which can be controlled remotely by the climber, which drives a pulley via a toothed belt drive, which winds up the rope and pulls it tight. The pulley is provided with a backstop, which prevents an automatic unwinding, but which can be deactivated by means of the remote control, after which the climber must be supported on the wall again to descend.
    By this device thus the climber is thus secured while climbing against fall, and it pulls the rope during the climb taut. However, it does not allow rappelling of the climber, certainly not with controlled speed.
    DE 198 18 688 C1 describes a fully enclosed descender comprising a pulley mounted on a shaft, a centrifugal brake acting on the shaft via a reduction gear, and a counterweight to the load to be cut off at the other end of the rope. The brake acts in both directions.
    The device is not intended for sports climbing and would be hardly replaceable for this purpose, especially since firstly a relatively large and ange- to the respective climber -2- •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• It would not be necessary to have a suitable counterweight and, secondly, a rapid ascent would not be possible since the brake would also act in this direction and would prevent the rope from being pulled tight by the counterweight. In addition, the braking force of the centrifugal brake does not act directly, but on the transmission gear on the shaft, which is energetically disadvantageous, delays the braking effect and significantly increases the cost of the device over gearless devices.
    A similar descender is described in DE 1 481 977. It comprises a cable drum with a helical cable groove, a transmission which transmits the rotary motion of the cable drum to a centrifugal governor, which in turn acts via an overrunning clutch on a drum brake, preferably a two-piston brake. On the other side of the device, a counterweight may be provided.
    In the case of not specifically intended use for sport climbing, the rope would be pulled taut during the ascent due to the freewheel through the counterweight, but in case of a fall or voluntary descent of the climber again no direct power transmission is given. Due to the gearbox and regulator, the drum brake can only take effect with a delay, so that a climber - depending on weight ratio to the counterweight - sometimes fall a few meters before being caught by the centrifugal assisted drum brake jerky. This can lead to injuries.
    WO 95/16496 A1 discloses an automatic belay device for attachment to the upper end of climbing walls. The device comprises a pulley which is connected via a one-way clutch with a descending speed of the climber to a few meters per second controlling viscosity brake. The climbing rope is wound up on the pulley and pulled so tight. For additional protection, a centrifugal brake may be provided. The pulley for winding the climbing rope is driven either by a coil spring, a motor or a counterweight to the climber. The counterweight, if present, is attached to a rope which is also wound on its own pulley, which is connected to its own pulley In turn, it is connected to the pulley for the climbing rope via two sprockets and one drive chain. In further embodiments, the rope for the climbing rope and the viscous brake are completely replaced by a counterweight in the form of a piston, which is guided in a cylinder filled with viscous medium. The rope is thereby deflected at the upper end of the climbing route only over a roller, but not wound up.
    The disadvantages of the embodiments described in this document are the following. In the latter case of the embodiment with piston / cylinder while a tightening of the rope during the rise, but the abseiling speed is directly dependent on the weight of the climber, especially as the counterweight in the form of the piston and the medium in the cylinder are fixed. Very heavy climbers may crash rather unchecked.
    In the embodiments with winding, in which the safety of the climber is also based primarily on a viscosity brake, basically the same problem is given. For heavy climbers, the optional centrifugal brake would have to be provided. Further, the drive of the rope pulley for winding the rope is prone to failure: i) In case of failure of the motor winding is no longer, and the climbing rope is not pulled tight, ii) coil springs can tire after frequent use and no longer exert the force required to drive the pulley. iii) For the indirect transfer of power from the counterweight via two sprockets and a drive chain on the pulley numerous mechanical parts are required, which increases both the probability of failure, especially after frequent use of the device, as well as the cost of the device.
    The object of the invention against this background was to provide a device for securing a sports climber, with which the above disadvantages can be at least partially eliminated. -4- • ·····················································································································································································································
    This object is achieved by the invention by providing a device for climbing rope and securing a climber, comprising: a frame or housing for mounting the device at the top of a climbing route; a rotatably mounted on the frame or in the housing shaft with a guide element for guiding, transport and deflection of a guided through the frame or housing safety rope; a bracket for fixing the guided through the frame or housing end of the Sicherungsseiis at the top of the climbing route; a weight displaceably carried on the portion of the safety rope located between the frame and the housing for tightening the safety rope; and a spring-biased inner shoe brake, which is connected via an overrunning clutch with the shaft, whereby from the brake in a rotational direction of the shaft, a braking torque is transferable to this.
    The construction of this device according to the invention is simple and therefore inexpensive, but effective. The climbing rope is not wound here, but from the guide element, which is preferably simply provided in the shaft groove or groove, only deflected and is then fixed by means of the holder also at the upper end of the climbing route, preferably at a distance from the frame / hous se , The rope tightening is done by the weight, which pulls the rope section between Ge-stell / housing and the bracket down the climb of the climber and thereby slides along the rope.
    The braking effect is exerted by the spring-loaded internal shoe brake: Through the freewheel, the rise can take place unhindered, the descent or a fall, the shaft is braked immediately and immediately, because the brake shoes constantly press against the inner wall of the brake drum due to the bias with compression springs and therefore in one direction of rotation of the shaft always -5- • * * * • * • «r. given a braking effect is thus "compensated" for your delays due to power transmissions via gears or the like.
    By appropriate choice of the springs, more precisely their spring tension, and the maximum speed of transport of the safety rope through the frame / housing is adjustable. For example, the spring tension can be chosen so that a climber with a weight of 50 kg is roped at a speed of about 1.5 m / s. Lighter climbers, such as Children, in this case, would be lowered a bit slower.
    For safety reasons, since the maximum abseiling speed should not exceed 1.8 m / s, the spring-loaded inner shoe brake is preferably centrifugally supported, so that when a certain rotational speed of the shaft is reached, the effect of the centrifugal force exceeds that of the compression springs and the brake shoes Press more strongly against the brake drum than the compression springs alone cause, so as to provide additional braking effect.
    The shaft of the device according to the invention is preferably a hollow shaft rotatably mounted on an axis rotatably mounted on the frame or in the housing. The roller bearings preferably used for this purpose between axle and shaft cause a better distribution of forces and thus less wear compared to the direct bearing of the shaft itself on the frame or in the housing.
    As already mentioned, the guide element is preferably a groove or groove provided in the shaft, since this allows a very simple construction and causes a smaller space requirement than would be the case, for example, in the case of a shaft pulley or the like carried on the shaft. However, the invention is not limited to this embodiment. The diameter and the depth of the groove or groove are preferably adapted to the diameter and the roughness of the safety rope, in order to effect as uniform as possible a transport of the rope through the frame / housing. As a general rule, make sure there is sufficient frictional force between the shaft and the rope to prevent the rope from penetrating the rope. " * · I | slips or even damaged "t" to "känrr 'the * fnnenfläche the groove or groove, for example, also be roughened or structured.
    The manner in which the weight is slidably carried on the safety rope is not particularly limited as long as it is movable. Preferably, it is supported by a sliding suspension, more preferably a pulley, displaced to minimize the wear of the rope.
    The device according to the invention can be used both in climbing gyms and outdoors, on natural or artificial climbing walls. Preferably, however, it is adapted to the mounting on the ceiling of a climbing gym, which thus represents the upper end of the climbing route. This is to be understood in particular that holes in the frame or housing for mounting screws are perpendicular and whose upper edge should be flat. Of course, a frame / housing designed in this way can, for example, also be mounted on a support which projects horizontally beyond the edge of a rock wall or the like.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    In the following, the invention will be described concretely by means of drawings of preferred embodiments, which illustrate the following.
    Fig. 1 is an isometric view of the device according to the invention.
    FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the embodiment of FIG. 1. FIG.
    Fig. 3 is a 90 ° rotated vertical cross-sectional view of the embodiment of Figs. 1 and 2.
    FIG. 4 is an enlarged detail of the vertical cross-sectional view of FIG. 2 and, at the same time, a sectional view taken along the line HH of FIG. 3. -7- * * * * * * 9 * * * * * * * * I * * * DETAILED DESCRIPTION ^ eR-EtfFtNÖUW © 1 '
    In the accompanying drawings, a specific embodiment of the device according to the invention is shown in different views. Fig. 1 shows a part of this embodiment of the device in an isometric view. This is mounted at the end of a climbing route, which may be, for example, the ceiling of a climbing gym and is characterized by reference numeral 1. The frame or housing 2 comprises three parts in the present case: a cylindrical housing 2a, in which inter alia the shaft, the cable guide and the brake are housed and through which the climbing rope 5 is passed; - A mounting plate 2 b, which serves for fastening, preferably screwing, the device to the hall ceiling 1; and stiffening ribs 2c rigidly connecting the housing 2a to the mounting plate 2b and preferably connected integrally to one or both thereof.
    In Fig. 2, the device of Fig. 1 can be seen in a vertical cross-section. In addition, the further course of the climbing rope 5 can be seen. The expiring (during the climb of the climber) from the device according to the invention strand 5a thereof is fixedly connected to the hall ceiling 1 by means of a holder 6, which may be for example simply a hook or an eyelet on which the rope end is knotted. The strand 5b entering the device is connected to the climber. Strand 5a is weighted with a weight 7, which ensures that the rope 5 is always taut during the climb of the climber. With a suitable choice of weight 7, i. with a relatively large mass of the same in relation to the weight of the climber, it can also serve as a climbing aid for the inexperienced, e.g. Children, serve.
    The weight 7 is preferably shown by a sliding suspension 11, shown in Fig. 2 as a pulley, displaceably supported by the cable 5. However, it could also simply have at the top of an eyelet through which the climbing rope is passed, along which the weight is thus displaced.
    3 shows a vertical cross-sectional view, rotated by 90 °, of the embodiment of the device according to the invention from FIGS. 1 and 2. In addition to the already described components of this device, the brake 8 and the shaft 3 are shown in detail , The housing 2a houses a rotationally fixed therein mounted axle 10, on which a hollow shaft 3 is rotatably mounted. In the illustrated embodiment, the shaft 3 comprises a V-shaped groove 4 as a guide element for guiding, conveying and deflecting the climbing rope 5.
    The bearing of the hollow shaft 3 by means of rolling bearings is done in a classic, statically determined manner via a fixed bearing and a floating bearing. The axial forces receiving bearing 12a in this case is preferably a ball bearing, while the axial displacements to be admitted floating bearing 12b in the present case is preferably a barrel bearing that can accommodate high loads and is quite insensitive to angular deviations.
    The inner shoe brake 8 can also be seen in detail in FIG. 3 and comprises a brake drum 8a, which at the same time represents the cylinder jacket of the cylindrical housing 2a in the present case, two brake shoes 8b which each carry a brake pad 8f on their outer side. With 8e, the brake hub is designated. This is connected via an overrunning clutch 9 with the shaft 3, so that the braking effect can only develop in one direction of rotation of the shaft 3.
    In Fig. 4 is a detail enlargement of Fig. 2 and at the same time a sectional view taken along the line H-H of Fig. 3, i. 3 is a 90 ° rotated cross-sectional view through the V-shaped groove 4. Here again the components of the brake 8 can be seen in detail, with respect to Fig. 3 in addition, the two compression springs 8c, due to which effect the brake shoes 8b always against the brake drum 8a are pressed, and the pivot points 8d of the jaws are shown. As indicated by a curved arrow, the braking effect only develops when turning in one direction (here: to the left, ie counterclockwise).
    This is the case when the climber descends or falls, i. If the strand 5a of the climbing rope represents the incoming strand and the strand 5b the outgoing strand, If the rotational axis of the world of this direction of rotation exceeds a certain value, the spring force of the compression springs 8c is supplemented by the centrifugal force, and the braking effect increases accordingly , As a result, a defined descent speed is never exceeded, so that, for example, even very heavy climbers can not be roped off (or crash) at too high a speed.
    Furthermore, the structuring of the inside of the V-shaped guide groove 4 is indicated by 4a in order to effectively prevent the climbing rope 5 from slipping through the guide element.
    The present invention thus provides a relatively simple and inexpensive to produce, but effective device for securing a climber ready. In addition, due to the simple structure and the purely mechanical construction, malfunctions of the device are practically impossible.
    权利要求:
    Claims (8)
    [1]
    • ·

    Claims 1. An apparatus for guiding ropes when climbing and securing a climber, comprising: a frame or housing (2) for mounting the apparatus at the upper end (1) of a climbing route; a shaft (3) rotatably mounted on the frame or in the housing (2) and having a guide element (4) for guiding, conveying and deflecting a safety rope (5) guided through the frame or housing (2); a holder (6) for fixing the through the frame or housing (2) guided through the end (5a) of the safety rope (5) at the upper end (1) of the climbing route; a weight (7) displaceably carried on the portion of the securing cable (5) located between the frame or housing (2) and the holder (6) for tightening the safety cable (5); and a spring-biased inner shoe brake (8) which is connected via an overrunning clutch (9) with the shaft (3), whereby from the brake (8) in a rotational direction of the shaft (3) a braking torque is transferable to this.
    [2]
    2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the shaft (3) on a on the frame or in the housing (2) rotatably mounted shaft (10) rotatably mounted hollow shaft.
    [3]
    3. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the guide element (4) in the shaft (3) provided groove or groove.
    [4]
    4. Apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that the diameter and the depth of the groove or groove (4) are adapted to the diameter and the roughness of the safety rope (5).
    [5]
    5. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a maximum conveying speed of the safety rope (5) by -12- * * «» ft * * * * ♦ * * * · * * · «« * »* 4 ' V ···· * T * * the frame or housing (2> * fiirtdurch berber'die * spring tension of the spring-biased inner shoe brake (8) is adjustable.
    [6]
    6. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the spring-biased inner shoe brake (8) is centrifugally assisted.
    [7]
    Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the weight (7) is transmitted from the safety rope (5) via a sliding suspension (11), e.g. a pulley, is worn displaced.
    [8]
    8. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is adapted to the mounting on the ceiling of a climbing gym as the upper end (1) of the climbing route. Vienna, on the 28th of Sep 2011 T echnical Häupl & e

    -13-
    类似技术:
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    WO2013044283A2|2013-04-04|
    WO2013044283A3|2013-06-20|
    AT512020B1|2016-06-15|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US4997064A|1989-03-22|1991-03-05|Denis Motte|Device for automatically securing a climber climbing a wall|
    US6814186B1|1998-07-31|2004-11-09|Atoll Holdings, Inc.|High efficiency belay apparatus|
    CH163705A|1932-08-13|1933-08-31|Dingeldein Karl|Device for fixed ladders to catch falling people.|
    US4458781A|1982-09-30|1984-07-10|Ellis J Nigel|Climbing aid and safety descent device|
    WO1995016496A1|1993-12-14|1995-06-22|Strickler James H|Sport climbing safety device|
    DE19818688C1|1998-04-25|2000-01-05|Mittelmann Armaturen|Braking pulley for abseiling|
    DE29809494U1|1998-05-27|1999-10-07|Lautenschlaeger Mepla Werke|Bracket fitting for front panels of drawers|
    DE102009016416B4|2009-04-04|2014-02-20|Kesseböhmer Holding e.K.|Pull-out device for cabinet extensions|CN105485209A|2015-12-23|2016-04-13|苏州市凯业金属制品有限公司|Damping one-way bearing|
    ITUA20164629A1|2016-06-23|2017-12-23|Sicurlive Group S R L|DRIVING DEVICE FOR AN ATTACHING ORGAN OF A RETRACTABLE CABLE|
    法律状态:
    2017-05-15| MM01| Lapse because of not paying annual fees|Effective date: 20160928 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA1399/2011A|AT512020B1|2011-09-28|2011-09-28|CLIMBING PROTECTION|ATA1399/2011A| AT512020B1|2011-09-28|2011-09-28|CLIMBING PROTECTION|
    PCT/AT2012/050141| WO2013044283A2|2011-09-28|2012-09-21|Climbing safety device|
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