• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    In a method for producing spray holes in fuel injection nozzles for internal combustion engines, the injection hole is formed by means of at least one abrasive manufacturing process, wherein the injection nozzle is then subjected to a curing treatment at least in the region of the injection hole, so that the spray hole surface is cured over its entire axial length.
    公开号:AT511880A1
    申请号:T1269/2011
    申请日:2011-09-06
    公开日:2013-03-15
    发明作者:
    申请人:Bosch Gmbh Robert；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    * · · -, · • · 1*
    The invention relates to a method for producing spray holes in fuel injection nozzles for internal combustion engines, in which at least one production step for forming the injection hole and at least one curing step are performed.
    The invention further relates to a fuel injection nozzle for internal combustion engines, which has at least one injection hole.
    Fuel injectors consist of the nozzle body and the nozzle needle, both made of high quality steel. The nozzle needle is arranged axially displaceable in the nozzle body and has a conical valve sealing surface at its end on the combustion chamber side. With this conical valve sealing surface, the nozzle needle cooperates with a conical valve seat surface arranged at a closed end of a bore in the nozzle body, wherein a sealing cross section is formed at the contact line between valve sealing surface and valve seat surface. In the direction of fuel flow downstream of said sealing cross-section, injection holes arranged downstream are arranged in the wall of the nozzle body and, starting from the bore in the nozzle body, open at its outer circumferential surface and protrude into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine to be supplied. In this case, these spray holes may be formed, for example, conical, with the cross section of the injection holes from a relatively large diameter at the fuel inlet to a relatively small diameter at the fuel outlet uniformly reduced conically.
    Top nozzles described above are used in direct injection diesel engines, especially in common rail systems, where they atomize the under very high pressure fuel in a sharp injection jet on the walls of the opposite piston recess. The nozzle body usually has a plurality of injection holes, which form a uniform hole circle on the jacket of a cone inside the nozzle. Depending on the engine, the number of spray holes is between 5 (for cars) and 14 (for large diesel engines). The hole diameter varies between 0.15 mm (for cars) and 0.4 mm (for trucks). The number of spray holes, the spray angle and the spray hole size and the flow conditions at the nozzle holes affect the injection jet and its atomization. The respective spray pattern together with other factors, such as the injection quantity, the injection pressure, the pressure curve, the combustion chamber geometry, the compression pressure and the compression temperature, the combustion quality in the combustion of the diesel fuel.
    The spray holes are exposed to very high mechanical loads. Upon attack by wear mechanisms, such as e.g. Cavitation or particle erosion can lead to rapid wear progress and thus to changes in the injection jet shape, the beam propagation or the mass flow rate. In addition to exceeding statutory emission limits, these changes can well lead to engine damage and thus to failure. To keep this consequential damage behind, replace the injectors after a relatively short period and replaced by new ones.
    There are different methods to introduce the injection holes in injectors. For example, the injection holes can be made by drilling or punching. The shape of injection ports made in this way is almost cylindrical according to the design of the drilling or punching tool.
    Furthermore, it is known that the spray holes are formed by abrasive manufacturing techniques, such as e.g. by erosion or lasers. These production methods offer the possibility of giving the injection ports different geometries, such as conically executed injection holes, which usually decrease in diameter in the direction of flow. But there are many more geometries known.
    In principle, it is known to subject the injector raw body to a heat treatment in order to increase wear resistance, strength and the like. This heat treatment is usually case-hardening or nitriding, i. That is, heat treatment processes that make the material hard and wear-resistant on the surface, but leave the core material relatively soft but tough. The injection hole bores extending through the core of the material therefore often have inadequate wear protection, especially in their central region.
    The present invention therefore aims to increase the wear resistance of spray holes and thus to extend the term of the injectors. At the same time the design of the injection hole geometry in the production of the injection holes should be subject as possible no restrictions. * * 1 * · ♦ · * ** ·· »* ··
    * * * * · · · T I * ** * * * * * * * * * * ««! * · 4 * · * · »Λ * * # ·· ······ »··.
    To solve this problem is provided according to a first aspect of the invention in a method of the type mentioned in that the injection hole is formed using at least one abrasive manufacturing process and that the injection nozzle is then subjected at least in the spray hole of a curing treatment, so that the Spray hole surface is cured over its entire axial length. The invention thus relates to the manufacturing process in the production of specifically shaped spray holes, ie those by means of erosive manufacturing processes, such as erosion, lasers o.ä. be made. The gist of the invention is to design the order of the steps of introducing the hole and hardening so that the forming injection-hole-producing methods such as e.g. Erosion or lasering in each case in front of the responsible for the wear protection heat treatment. It brings the injection holes thus in the so-called soft state and can produce different spray hole geometries, primarily conical geometries and still achieve the wear resistance, strength and corrosion resistance in the spray hole surface with the known ablative manufacturing processes. Namely, the hardening treatment is performed only after the molding of the injection hole, so that the spray hole surface can be cured over its entire axial length.
    Preferably, the curing treatment is carried out so that the spray hole surface is hardened uniformly over its entire axial length.
    As already mentioned, it is preferably provided that the injection hole is conical or comprises a conical region. In particular, the diameter of the injection hole in the direction of flow decreases steadily.
    Advantageously, the injection hole is made by eroding or laser machining. A method for eroding spray holes is described, for example, in DE 10360080 A1.
    Preferably, the curing treatment comprises surface hardening. The hardening treatment comprises in particular a nitriding step or a heat treatment step, in particular case hardening.
    A particularly efficient procedure provides that the injection hole is formed in the uncured material of the injection nozzle.
    The inventive method is suitable for the processing of various materials, especially steels. The injection hole is preferably formed in an injection nozzle produced by hot isostatic pressing.
    According to a second aspect of the invention, a fuel injection nozzle for internal combustion engines is proposed, which has at least one injection hole, wherein the injection hole has a different shape from a cylinder and the area of the spray hole and the spray hole surface is cured over its entire axial length. • · ··· * «« · * • · '6'
    Preferably, the spray hole surface is cured uniformly over its entire axial length. The injection hole may advantageously be conical or comprise a conical region. In a particularly advantageous manner, the diameter of the injection hole in the flow direction preferably increases steadily.
    The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to an embodiment schematically illustrated in the drawing. FIG. 2 a and FIG. 2 b show a detailed view of the region II of FIG. 1, FIG. 2 a showing an embodiment produced according to the invention and FIG. 2 b showing a state of the art Technology produced execution shows.
    Fig. 1 shows schematically the structure of a common rail injector consisting of a high-pressure accumulator 1, a servo valve 2, a throttle plate 3, and an injection nozzle 4, the servo valve 2 closes in the idle state existing in the throttle plate 3 outlet throttle 5, thus lies in Control chamber 8, which is connected via the high-pressure bore 7 and the inlet throttle 6 to the memory 1, the system pressure, so that the nozzle needle 10 is pressed against the nozzle body 9 made in the nozzle seat 11 and the injection holes 12 are closed. Upon actuation of the servo valve 2, the outlet throttle 5 is released, and the fuel located in the control chamber reduces its pressure in the low pressure system {not shown). At the same time, high-pressure fuel flows via the inlet throttle 6. The effective flow cross sections of
    Outlet throttle 5 and inlet throttle 6 are matched to one another so that upon actuation of the servo valve 2, the pressure in the control chamber 8 drops so far that acting on the lower part of the nozzle needle 10 pressure in the nozzle chamber 13, the nozzle needle 10 against the pressure in the control chamber 8 and presses against the force of the nozzle spring 14 from the nozzle seat 11 and the injection holes 12 are released, so that fuel is injected into the combustion chamber 15. After closing the servo valve 2, fuel can no longer flow out of the control chamber 8 via the outlet throttle 5, so that the pressure built up here presses the nozzle needle 10 back into the nozzle seat 11.
    In the detail view according to FIGS. 2 a and 2 b, the injection holes 12 can be seen better. The nozzle needle is not shown for clarity. Denoted at 16 is a near-surface region that has been cured by a curing treatment. The result of a prior art procedure is shown in Fig. 2b. The injection nozzle 4 was first hardened, and only after that the injection holes 12 were inserted so that the injection hole surface 17 was not hardened. In contrast, in the procedure according to the invention, shown in FIG. 2a, the injection holes were first produced and then the hardening treatment was carried out, so that the spray-hole surface 17 was also hardened.
    权利要求:
    Claims (14)
    [1]
    1. A method for producing spray holes in fuel injection nozzles for internal combustion engines, wherein at least one manufacturing step for forming the spray hole and at least one curing step are performed, characterized in that the injection hole is formed by means of at least one abrasive manufacturing process and that the injection nozzle thereafter at least is subjected to a hardening treatment in the region of the injection hole, so that the spray hole surface is hardened over its entire axial length,
    [2]
    2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the spray hole surface is cured uniformly over its entire axial length.
    [3]
    3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the injection hole is conical or comprises a conical region.
    [4]
    4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that the diameter of the spray hole in the flow direction preferably decreases steadily.
    [5]
    5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the injection hole is produced by erosion or laser machining.
    [6]
    6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the curing treatment comprises a surface hardening.
    [7]
    7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that the hardening treatment comprises a nitriding step or a heat treatment step, in particular a case hardening.
    [8]
    8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the injection hole is formed in the uncured material of the injection nozzle.
    [9]
    9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the injection hole is formed in an injector manufactured by hot isostatic pressing.
    [10]
    10. Fuel injection nozzle for internal combustion engines, which has at least one spray hole (12), characterized in that the injection hole (12} has a shape deviating from a cylinder and that the area of the spray hole (12) and the spray hole surface (17) over its entire axial Length is cured.
    [11]
    11. Injection nozzle according to claim 10, characterized in that the spray hole surface (17) is hardened uniformly over its entire axial length.
    [12]
    12. Injection nozzle according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the injection hole (12) is conical or comprises a conical region.
    [13]
    13. Injection nozzle according to claim 12, characterized in that the diameter of the injection hole (12) in the flow direction preferably zunirmnt steadily.
    [14]
    14. Injection nozzle according to one of claims 10 to 13, characterized in that the injection nozzle (4) is an injection nozzle produced by hot isostatic pressing. Vienna, 6 September 2011 Applicant by: Haffner and Keschmann Patentanwälte OG
    类似技术:
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    CN103764999A|2014-04-30|
    JP2014525535A|2014-09-29|
    KR20140062482A|2014-05-23|
    AT511880B1|2013-12-15|
    RU2014113166A|2015-10-20|
    US20150083829A1|2015-03-26|
    WO2013033737A1|2013-03-14|
    EP2753821A1|2014-07-16|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    DE3536452A1|1985-08-10|1987-02-19|Bosch Gmbh Robert|FUEL INJECTION NOZZLE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES|
    DE29713628U1|1997-07-31|1998-11-26|Bosch Gmbh Robert|Fuel injector|
    EP0982493A1|1998-08-27|2000-03-01|Wärtsilä NSD Schweiz AG|Method of making a fuel injection nozzle and fuel injection nozzle|
    DE19847460A1|1998-10-15|2000-04-20|Bosch Gmbh Robert|Fuel injection valve nozzle with orifice at first converges then diverges to combustion chamber as circular elliptical or slot orifice section.|
    DE19925380A1|1999-06-02|2000-12-07|Volkswagen Ag|Fuel injection valve for internal combustion engines|
    EP1353061A2|2002-04-11|2003-10-15|Wärtsilä Schweiz AG|Material for a valve needle head and needle head from such a material|
    GB8914478D0|1989-06-23|1989-08-09|Lucas Ind Plc|Fuel injection nozzle|
    DE10360080A1|2003-12-20|2005-07-21|Robert Bosch Gmbh|Method and device for removing metallic material of a workpiece|
    DE102004018937A1|2004-04-20|2005-11-17|Robert Bosch Gmbh|Fuel injection valve e.g. for direct injecting of fuel into combustion chamber of internal combustion engine, has body with valve seat surface cooperating to sealing seat with opening and lateral end of valve has protective layer|
    KR100810437B1|2007-10-23|2008-03-04|이명배|Manufacturing method of material for fuel injection nozzle using HIP processing|
    US20090294416A1|2008-05-28|2009-12-03|Caterpillar Inc.|Laser manufacturing system having real-time feedback|
    US8322004B2|2009-04-29|2012-12-04|Caterpilar Inc.|Indirect laser induced residual stress in a fuel system component and fuel system using same|DE102015121582A1|2014-12-12|2016-06-16|Werth Messtechnik Gmbh|Method and device for measuring features on workpieces|
    WO2016092053A1|2014-12-12|2016-06-16|Werth Messtechnik Gmbh|Method and device for measuring features of workpieces|
    DK179113B1|2015-04-29|2017-11-06|Hans Jensen Lubricators As|Lubricant injector for large slow-running two-stroke engine and production method|
    DK178427B1|2015-04-29|2016-02-22|Hans Jensen Lubricators As|Lubricant injector for large slow-running two-stroke engine and production method|
    GB2545195A|2015-12-08|2017-06-14|Delphi Int Operations Luxembourg S À R L|Fuel injection nozzle|
    DE102016203261A1|2016-02-29|2017-08-31|Robert Bosch Gmbh|Method for producing a bore, component and fuel injector|
    US20200025060A1|2018-07-19|2020-01-23|GM Global Technology Operations LLC|Fuel Injector and Nozzle Passages Therefor|
    法律状态:
    2017-05-15| MM01| Lapse because of not paying annual fees|Effective date: 20160906 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA1269/2011A|AT511880B1|2011-09-06|2011-09-06|WEAR-OPTIMIZED MANUFACTURE OF TAPPY SPRAY HOLES|ATA1269/2011A| AT511880B1|2011-09-06|2011-09-06|WEAR-OPTIMIZED MANUFACTURE OF TAPPY SPRAY HOLES|
    KR1020147005937A| KR20140062482A|2011-09-06|2012-08-28|Wear-optimised production of conical injection holes|
    PCT/AT2012/000223| WO2013033737A1|2011-09-06|2012-08-28|Wear-optimised production of conical injection holes|
    US14/342,934| US20150083829A1|2011-09-06|2012-08-28|Wear-Optimised Production of Conical Injection Holes|
    RU2014113166/06A| RU2014113166A|2011-09-06|2012-08-28|MANUFACTURING WEAR-OPTIMIZED CONE SPRAY HOLES|
    EP12756065.4A| EP2753821A1|2011-09-06|2012-08-28|Wear-optimised production of conical injection holes|
    JP2014527433A| JP2014525535A|2011-09-06|2012-08-28|Manufacture of conical injection holes with optimized wear|
    CN201280043096.9A| CN103764999A|2011-09-06|2012-08-28|Wear-optimised production of conical injection holes|
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