• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Reciprocating internal combustion engine and method for operating a reciprocating internal combustion engine, which operates on the diesel process and at least one cylinder (10) in which a with a crankshaft (11) connected to the reciprocating piston (12) is arranged, an air supply means (21) for providing Combustion air in the cylinder, and a fuel injection assembly (30) for injecting LPG fuel from an LPG fuel reservoir (40) and a diesel fuel from a diesel fuel reservoir (50), the method comprising: providing combustion air and compression by injecting diesel fuel and LPG fuel into the compressed combustion air in the cylinder via the fuel injection assembly, wherein before injecting diesel fuel and LPG fuel, the diesel fuel communicates with the LPG via fuel mixing means (60) Fuel is mixed, leaving a homogeneous fuel femulsion from LPG fuel and diesel fuel is prepared, and then the fuel emulsion is injected into the at least one cylinder.
    公开号:AT511872A1
    申请号:T963/2012
    申请日:2012-09-03
    公开日:2013-03-15
    发明作者:Friedrich Dr Wirz
    申请人:Man Diesel & Turbo Se；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

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    The invention relates to a designed according to the preamble of claim 1 reciprocating internal combustion engine for providing drive energy using the diesel process and a configured according to the preamble of claim 7 method for operating a working after the diesel process reciprocating internal combustion engine.
    A reciprocating internal combustion engine and a method of the type mentioned are known from DE 603 17 482 T2.
    In the following, possible embodiments of a reciprocating internal combustion engine for operation with LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas, also called LPG or camping gas in German-speaking countries) are described as fuel. LPG is a mixture of the main components propane (C3H8) and butane (C4H10). The reciprocating internal combustion engine is e.g. designed as a four-stroke large engine.
    Reciprocating internal combustion engines can be distinguished by the operating method. The most common operating procedures are the diesel process and the Otto process. The diesel process is characterized by an internal mixture formation (injection of fuel at top dead center after compression end) and a self-ignition of the fuel by the high temperature of the combustion air at the end of compression. In contrast, the Otto process is characterized by an external mixture formation (in a central carburetor or individually in the intake manifolds of the cylinders) and by spark ignition (by spark plugs or similar ignition sources). In gasoline engines, there are also versions with internal mixture formation ("direct injector"), but this takes place in contrast to the diesel process during the compression stroke.
    Another essential difference is the choice of the 2
    Compression ratio. The efficiency of both operating methods is by a higher
    Compression ratio positively influenced. However, increasing the compression ratio of a gasoline engine is limited by the fact that in operation the so-called "knocking" phenomenon occurs. can occur. Knocking occurs at high pressures and temperatures at the onset of ignition and has an excessively rapid increase in pressure in the cylinder during the ignition process, with this pressure increase exerting a strong additional thermal and mechanical load on the components of the combustion chamber. In addition to the compression ratio and the thermal conditions at the moment of ignition, the tendency to knock largely depends on the selected fuel whose knocking behavior is represented by the so-called octane number. Diesel engines generally require a higher compression ratio than gasoline engines to ensure the compression end temperature required for auto-ignition of the fuel.
    In order to be able to judge whether and with which method a fuel can be burned by a motor, the following properties are important for the specific process. For the Otto engine combustion, a fuel should be knock-resistant (thermally stable, high octane number) and have the lowest possible boiling temperature range. For the diesel engine combustion, however, a fuel should be as willing to ignite (low ignition temperature, high so-called cetane number) and also good
    Lubricating properties (the latter for purely technical reasons, since the injection is carried out under high pressures and the lubrication of the injection devices is very important).
    Gasoline consists mainly of aromatic hydrocarbons that meet well the desired criteria of a gasoline. Diesel fuel, on the other hand, 3 is a mixture of long-chain, saturated hydrocarbons (paraffins), which well meet the desired criteria for diesel engine combustion.
    A mixture of propane and butane (hereinafter referred to as PG) has a higher anti-knocking properties compared to gasoline and is thus very suitable for combustion in gasoline engines, especially for the combustion phase, in which the mixture is present under ambient conditions are designed by gasoline. This is practiced, for example, in the automotive field, where conventional gasoline engines are equipped with an evaporation unit and thus upgraded for operation with LPG.
    Modern large engines, such as those used for power plant applications and marine propulsion applications, are commonly diesel engines. Even with these large engines, gas can be burned after the Otto process by installing an external mixture forming device (eg intake manifold injection) and a spark ignition system (spark ignition or pilot oil ignition by injection of a diesel ignition jet) Rather, the compression ratio would have to be reduced to values customary for the Otto process, which, however, would reduce the power density and the efficiency of the large engines and thus preclude economical operation.
    Alternatively, it can be provided that the PG is burned by the diesel process by following the principle of internal mixture formation, liquid (ie LPG) and injected under high pressure at top dead center (TDC) after the compression stroke (ignition TDC) , However, 4 LPG is not ignitable enough to ignite at the compression end temperature in the cylinder, so a full diesel process is also not feasible. To counter this, however, a spark ignition can be provided. Thus, the operating method corresponds to a mixing process between gasoline and diesel engine, the type of mixture formation corresponds to the diesel process, the type of ignition, however, corresponds to the Otto process.
    The invention has for its object to provide a reciprocating internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1, which is operable without fuel injection with LPG as fuel. The invention is also based on the object to provide a method according to the preamble of claim 7, with which the reciprocating internal combustion engine can be operated without fuel injection with LPG as fuel.
    The o.g. Problems are solved with a reciprocating internal combustion engine according to claim 1 and with a method according to claim 7. Further developments of the invention are defined in the respective dependent claims.
    According to a first aspect of the invention, there is provided a reciprocating internal combustion engine for providing motive power using the diesel process, comprising: at least one cylinder in which a reciprocating piston connected to a crankshaft is disposed, an air supply device for providing combustion air to be compressed via the reciprocating piston the cylinder, and a fuel injection arrangement for compressing combustion air in the cylinder injecting an LPG fuel from an LPG fuel reservoir and a diesel fuel from a diesel fuel reservoir. The reciprocating internal combustion engine according to the invention is characterized in that a fuel mixing device is provided, which is fluid-connected both to the LPG fuel reservoir and to the diesel fuel reservoir and which is set up to produce a homogeneous fuel emulsion of LPG fuel and diesel fuel wherein the fuel injection assembly with the
    Fuel mixing device is fluidly connected and is arranged to inject the fuel emulsion in the at least one cylinder.
    According to one embodiment of the reciprocating internal combustion engine according to the invention, the fuel mixing device is adapted to mix a smaller in its size to diesel fuel volume flow to produce the homogeneous fuel emulsion in size dependent on an operating state of the reciprocating internal combustion engine LPG fuel flow.
    The operating state of the reciprocating internal combustion engine may be e.g. from a load condition, ambient conditions such as temperature and humidity, etc.
    According to a further embodiment of the reciprocating internal combustion engine according to the invention is
    Fuel Mixer configured so that the size of the diesel fuel flow rate is less than 25 percent of the size of the LPG fuel flow. Preferably, the size of the diesel fuel volumetric flow is in a range of 1 to 15 percent, more preferably in a range of 5 to 10 percent, the size of the LPG fuel volumetric flow.
    According to yet another embodiment of the reciprocating internal combustion engine according to the invention is the 6
    Fuel Mixer configured so that it varies the size of the diesel fuel flow in proportion to the size of the LPG fuel flow in dependence on the operating state (such as the load state) of the reciprocating internal combustion engine to a sufficient for the respective operating condition ignitability of Fuel emulsion with minimal diesel fuel content in the fuel emulsion to ensure.
    According to yet another embodiment of the reciprocating internal combustion engine according to the invention this is as a four-stroke large engine, such. used for power plant applications and marine propulsion applications.
    According to a second aspect of the invention, there is provided a method of operating a diesel engine reciprocating internal combustion engine having at least one cylinder in which a reciprocating piston connected to a crankshaft is disposed, an air supply means for providing combustion air in the cylinder, and a fuel injection assembly for injecting an LPG fuel from an LPG fuel reservoir and a diesel fuel from a diesel fuel
    Fuel reservoir. According to the invention, the method comprises providing combustion air and compressing it in the cylinder, injecting diesel fuel by means of the fuel injection arrangement into the compressed combustion air in the cylinder, injecting LPG fuel by means of the fuel injection arrangement into the compressed combustion air in the cylinder.
    The method according to the invention is characterized in that prior to the injection of diesel fuel and LPG fuel, the diesel fuel is mixed with the LPG fuel via a fuel mixing device, so that a homogeneous fuel emulsion of LPG fuel and diesel fuel 7 is produced and then the fuel emulsion is injected into the at least one cylinder.
    According to one embodiment of the method according to the invention, the homogeneous fuel emulsion is produced by admixing a size-dependent lower LPG fuel volume flow of an operating state of the reciprocating internal combustion engine LPG fuel volume flow to diesel fuel volume flow.
    According to a further embodiment of the method according to the invention, the homogeneous fuel emulsion is produced so that the size of the diesel fuel volume flow is less than 25 percent of the size of the LPG fuel volume flow. Preferably, the homogeneous fuel emulsion is prepared so that the size of the diesel fuel volumetric flow is in a range of 1 to 15 percent, more preferably in a range of 5 to 10 percent, of the size of the LPG fuel volumetric flow.
    According to yet another embodiment of the method according to the invention, the size of the diesel fuel volume flow is varied in relation to the size of the LPG fuel volume flow depending on the operating state (such as the load state) of the reciprocating internal combustion engine, one for the respective operating state to ensure sufficient ignitability of the fuel emulsion with minimal diesel fuel content in the fuel emulsion.
    In conclusion, the inventors recognized that it would be advantageous for the combustion of PG or LPG to come as close as possible to the diesel process and to avoid the need for spark ignition. For this purpose, according to an embodiment of the invention, it is proposed to use the following: ## EQU1 ##
    Add 8 LPG fuel homogeneously before injecting into the cylinder with a small amount of diesel fuel and then inject the fuel emulsion. The proportionate diesel fuel gives the fuel emulsion the desired auto-ignition properties that LPG fuel alone lacks. The homogeneous mixture of both components ensures that the fuel emulsion behaves exactly like a pure diesel fuel with respect to the ignition behavior and the combustion process, by spark ignition (irrespective of whether by spark or ignition jet) by the local ignition source and the nonuniformity of injection and ignition could not be achieved.
    The invention expressly extends to such embodiments, which are not given by combinations of features of explicit back references of the claims, whereby the disclosed features of the invention - as far as is technically feasible - can be combined with each other.
    In the following, the invention will be described by means of preferred embodiment and with reference to the accompanying figure.
    Fig.l shows a schematic view of a
    Reciprocating internal combustion engine according to a
    Embodiment of the invention.
    As shown in FIG. 1, according to the invention, a reciprocating internal combustion engine 1 operating according to the diesel process comprises at least one cylinder 10 in which a reciprocating piston 12 connected to a crankshaft 11 is slidably disposed in a bushing 13, an air exchange assembly 20, a fuel injection assembly 30 , an LPG fuel reservoir 40 (eg, an LPG tank), a diesel fuel reservoir 50 (eg, a diesel tank), a 9
    Fuel Mixer 60 and if necessary, a high-pressure fuel pump 70.
    The air exchange assembly 20 includes an air supply device 21 (e.g., in the form of an air intake valve) for providing combustion air to be compressed via the lift piston 12 in the cylinder 10 and an exhaust device 22 (e.g., in the form of an air exhaust valve) for exhausting exhaust gases from the cylinder 10. The air supply device 21 and the air discharge device 22 are used e.g. operated by a camshaft (not shown) and opened and closed.
    Fuel injection assembly 30 is configured to inject compressed LPG fuel from LPG fuel reservoir 40 and diesel fuel from diesel fuel reservoir 50 into compressed combustion air in cylinder 10. Fuel injection assembly 30 preferably includes an injector.
    The fuel mixing device 60 is fluidly connected to the LPG fuel reservoir 40 via a fuel pressure line 41 so that LPG fuel (i.e., LPG) fuel can be supplied to the fuel mixing device 60.
    The fuel mixing device 60 is also fluidly connected to the diesel fuel reservoir 50 via a fuel pressure line 51, so that the fuel mixing device 60 can be supplied with diesel fuel.
    The fuel mixing device 60 is set up to produce a homogeneous fuel emulsion of LPG fuel and diesel fuel while maintaining the pressure necessary for the liquid state of matter of the butane-propane gas mixture. 10
    The fuel mixer 60 is fluidly connected to the high pressure fuel pump 70 via a fuel pressure line 61, and the high pressure fuel pump 70 is fluidly connected to the fuel injection assembly 30 via a fuel pressure line 71. The fuel injection assembly 30 is configured to inject the fuel emulsion provided by the fuel mixing device 60 into the at least one cylinder 10.
    According to one embodiment of the invention, the fuel mixing device 60 is adapted to mix a smaller in its size to diesel fuel volume flow for producing the homogeneous fuel emulsion to a size dependent on an operating state of the reciprocating internal combustion engine 1 LPG fuel flow. This is preferably done so that the size of the diesel fuel volumetric flow is less than 25 percent of the size of the LPG fuel volumetric flow.
    According to a further embodiment of the invention, the fuel mixing device 60 is arranged such that the size of the diesel fuel volume flow is in a range of 1 to 15 percent, in particular in a range of 5 to 10 percent, the size of the LPG fuel volume flow ,
    Preferably, the fuel mixing device 60 is arranged to vary the magnitude of the diesel fuel flow rate in proportion to the size of the LPG fuel flow rate depending on the operating state (such as a load state) of the reciprocating internal combustion engine 1, for example operating condition to ensure sufficient ignitability of the fuel emulsion with minimal diesel fuel content in the fuel emulsion. 11
    According to one embodiment of the invention, the reciprocating internal combustion engine 1 is a four-stroke large engine, such as a four-stroke engine. used for power plant applications and marine propulsion applications. Alternatively, the reciprocating internal combustion engine 1 may also be designed as a two-stroke large engine.
    An inventive method for operating the reciprocating internal combustion engine 1 comprises at least the following steps: providing combustion air and compressing these in the cylinder 10, and injecting diesel fuel and LPG fuel by means of the fuel injection assembly 30 into the compressed combustion air in the cylinder 10th wherein prior to injecting diesel fuel and LPG fuel, the diesel fuel is mixed with the LPG fuel via the fuel mixer 60 so that the homogeneous fuel emulsion is made from LPG fuel and diesel fuel, and then the fuel emulsion in FIG the at least one cylinder 10 is injected.
    According to one embodiment of the invention, the homogenous fuel emulsion is produced by admixing the size of the LPG fuel volume flow, which is dependent on the operating state of the reciprocating internal combustion engine 1, with the diesel fuel volume flow, which is smaller in size.
    In accordance with another embodiment of the invention, the homogeneous fuel emulsion is prepared so that the size of the diesel fuel volumetric flow is less than 25 percent of the size of the LPG fuel volumetric flow. Preferably, the size of the diesel fuel volumetric flow is in a range of 1 to 15 percent, more preferably in a range of 5 to 10 percent, the size of the LPG fuel volumetric flow. 12 ·· * ·
    Preferably, the magnitude of the diesel fuel flow rate is varied in proportion to the size of the LPG fuel flow rate depending on the operating state (such as the load state) of the reciprocating internal combustion engine 1 to a sufficient ignitability of the fuel emulsion for the respective operating condition with minimal To ensure diesel fuel content in the fuel emulsion.
    From the foregoing description of the invention, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the principles of the invention can be applied without limitation to a diesel engine reciprocating internal combustion engine having a plurality of cylinders and a corresponding method of operation thereto. In this case, a separate fuel mixing device may be provided for each cylinder or may be provided for all cylinders together a single fuel mixing device. 13
    REFERENCE SIGNS I reciprocating internal combustion engine 10 cylinder II crankshaft 12 lifting piston 13 bushing 20 air exchange arrangement 21 air supply device 22 air outlet device 30 fuel injection assembly 40 LPG fuel reservoir 41 fuel pressure line 50 diesel fuel reservoir 51 fuel pressure line 60 fuel mixing device 61 fuel pressure line 70 high-pressure fuel pump 71 fuel pressure line
    权利要求:
    Claims (5)
    [1]
    1. reciprocating internal combustion engine (1) for providing drive energy using the diesel process, comprising: at least one cylinder (10) in which a with a crankshaft (11) connected to the reciprocating piston (12) is arranged, an air supply means (21) for providing combustion air to be compressed via the reciprocating piston (12) in the cylinder (10), and a fuel injection arrangement (30) for compressing combustion air in the cylinder (10) injecting LPG fuel from an LPG fuel reservoir (40) and a Diesel fuel from a diesel fuel reservoir (50), characterized in that a fuel mixing device (60) is provided which is fluidly connected to both the LPG fuel reservoir (40) and the diesel fuel reservoir (51) and is arranged to produce a homogeneous fuel emulsion of LPG fuel and / or diesel fuel, wherein the fuel injection assembly (3 0) is fluidly connected to the fuel mixing device (60) and is arranged to inject the fuel emulsion into the at least one cylinder (10).
    [2]
    2. Reciprocating internal combustion engine (1) according to claim 1, wherein the fuel mixing device (60) is arranged to produce the homogeneous fuel emulsion in its size by an operating state of the reciprocating internal combustion engine (1) dependent LPG fuel flow 25 one in his Size to mix lower diesel fuel flow. The reciprocating internal combustion engine (1) according to claim 2, wherein the fuel mixing device (60) is arranged such that the size of the diesel fuel flow is less than 25 percent of the size of the LPG fuel flow. A reciprocating internal combustion engine (1) according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the fuel mixing device (60) is arranged such that the size of the diesel fuel flow is in a range of 1 to 15 percent of the size of the LPG fuel flow. A reciprocating internal combustion engine (1) according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the fuel mixing device (60) is arranged such that the size of the diesel fuel volume flow is within a range of 5 to 10 percent of the size of the LPG fuel flow , Reciprocating internal combustion engine (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the reciprocating internal combustion engine (1) is designed as a four-stroke large engine. Method for operating a reciprocating internal combustion engine (1) operating according to the diesel process, comprising at least one cylinder (10), in which a reciprocating piston (12) connected to a crankshaft (11) is arranged, an air supply device (21) for supplying combustion air into the cylinder (10), and a fuel injection assembly (30) for injecting LPG fuel from an LPG fuel reservoir (40) and a diesel fuel from a diesel fuel reservoir (50), and wherein the method comprises: providing combustion air and compressing said oil in the cylinder (10), injecting diesel fuel via the fuel injection assembly (30) into the compressed combustion air in the cylinder (10), injecting LPG fuel into the compressed combustion air via the fuel injection assembly (30) in the cylinder (10), characterized in that prior to the injection of diesel fuel and LPG Kra fuel is mixed with the LPG fuel via a fuel mixer (60) so that a homogeneous fuel emulsion of LPG fuel and diesel fuel is produced, and then the fuel emulsion is injected into the at least one cylinder (10).
    [3]
    8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the homogeneous fuel emulsion is prepared by an in its size by an operating state of the reciprocating internal combustion engine (1) dependent LPG fuel flow is mixed in its size to lower diesel fuel flow rate.
    [4]
    9. The method of claim 8, wherein the homogeneous fuel emulsion is prepared so that the size of the diesel fuel volumetric flow is less than 25 percent of the size of the LPG fuel volumetric flow.
    [5]
    10. The method according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the homogeneous fuel emulsion is prepared so that the size of the diesel fuel volume flow in a range of 1 to 15 percent, in particular in a range of 5 to 10 percent, the size of the LPG Fuel flow rate is.
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    同族专利:
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    法律状态:
    2016-05-15| REJ| Rejection|Effective date: 20160515 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE102011082039A|DE102011082039A1|2011-09-02|2011-09-02|Reciprocating internal combustion engine and method for operating a reciprocating internal combustion engine|
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