• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a swimming platform, comprising: a cover element (1); At least three separate, on the underside of the cover member (1) fixedly mounted, downwardly open buoyancy body (2) made of a gas-tight, pressure and corrosion-resistant, flexible material which in contact with a liquid surface (3) each have a closed cavity ( 4) with this include; and at least one compressed air generating device (5) for producing an overpressure in the individual cavities (4).
    公开号:AT511850A4
    申请号:T1028/2011
    申请日:2011-07-13
    公开日:2013-03-15
    发明作者:Markus Dr Haider；Franz Dr Rammerstorfer；Helmut Dr Boehm；Christian Dipl Ing Diendorfer；Florian Dipl Ing Toth
    申请人:Univ Wien Tech；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to a swimming platform, in particular for plants for the production of solar energy.
    The importance of so-called alternative energy generation, especially of solar energy, is steadily increasing. Due to the relatively high space requirements of solar power plants, it is endeavored to relocate the same on water surfaces, especially on the oceans ("off-shore solar power plants"). To this end, various floating platforms have recently been developed to support the associated facilities. Due to the simple and lightweight construction with high load capacity platforms have recently been developed in particular, which are supported by an air cushion.
    Thus, WO 2009/001225 A2 describes a circular floating platform with an outer ring structure and a flexible cover, which closes tightly with the upper side of the outer ring structure and thus defines a cavity which can be pressurized by a compressor to provide the necessary To create buoyancy. The entire platform is rotatable to align with the position of the sun. Due to the overpressure, the top of the platform can also become bulged to facilitate the drainage of rainwater.
    Although this platform is referred to as both land and seaworthy, it is apparent from preferred embodiments in which rotation by means of wheels is effected in a ring surrounding the platform that, in particular, land use, i. swimming in a circular pool, being targeted.
    In the still unpublished Austrian patent application AT A 356/2010, a downwardly open sealing element in the form of a submerged in the water, the platform rotating wall is used instead of the above outer ring, which in turn defines a cavity below a flat cover member of the platform with Compressed air is filled. The wall can either be a fle- · * ·· «* · · *»! "* #" · «Xible plastic membrane or a rigid material, such. a sheet, his. At the bottom, the wall may be weighted down to ensure immersion.
    Furthermore, two such walls can also run parallel to one another and divide the cavity into an inner region and an outer circular ring. The outer annulus may be divided into segments by radial partitions. Alternatively, the cavity as a whole may be subdivided into honeycomb or checkerboard-shaped sections by means of partitions normal to one another. Such subdivisions increase safety and allow adjustment of different pressures in the individual sections, e.g. to be able to dump the platform for discharging rainwater.
    The main drawback of the prior art embodiments is that the respective floating platforms are insufficiently secured against tilting due to waves, causing a reduction in the efficiency of a solar power plant carried thereon.
    The aim of the invention was therefore to provide a floating platform, which has improved floating properties and above all is better protected against the effects of waves and wind
    DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
    This object is achieved by the invention by providing a floating platform, comprising: a cover element; at least three separate, fixedly mounted on the underside of the cover member, downwardly open buoyancy of a gas-tight, pressure and corrosion-resistant, flexible material, which in contact with a liquid surface each include a closed cavity with this; and at least one compressed air generating device for producing an overpressure in the individual cavities. -2-
    By providing a plurality of separate buoyancy bodies which can be filled with air, a lateral pressure exerted by hauling waves or by the wind can not propagate from one buoyant body to the other, as is the case with simple partitions through partitions. In addition, the individual buoyancy bodies counteract tilting of the platform together: If the platform is tilted by an external load or other disturbance of the equilibrium, the volume of the cavity of the buoyancy bodies on the side would have to increase due to the tilting on one side. Due to the gas-tightness, however, reduces the air pressure in this cavity and thus counteracts the lifting. At the same time the pressure is increased when tilting because of the immersion of the buoyant body on the opposite side in the cavities located there, which also counteracts the tilting. The differently adjusting pressures in the various chambers thus ensure the floating stability of the platform. In this way, a strong tilting of the platform according to the invention is hardly possible even with stronger waves or wind. And this, although another great advantage of the invention is that the entire platform is constructed of lightweight components.
    However, a targeted tilting of the platform, in particular for the alignment of solar collectors or the like, depending on the position of the sun, is very well possible by setting different pressures in buoyancy bodies lying on opposite sides of the platform.
    The material of the buoyancy bodies is not particularly limited, and for example, plastic films may be used. Preference is given to using membranes made of fiber-reinforced plastics, in order to ensure not only the required flexibility but also sufficient pressure resistance and tear resistance, but at the same time also limited elasticity in the pressurized state. For example, films based on PVC, polypropylene or ABS (acrylonitrile / butadiene / styrene copolymer) can be used. Seawater and UV-resistant plastics, such as e.g. Ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE) copolymers, all of which may also contain appropriate stabilizers. *. · * · ·· ♦ · ··· »* · ···
    The Mindestanzahi three of the buoyancy invention results from the above-described effect. Only from three buoyancy bodies that are offset from each other, i. are not arranged in a line and preferably offset by an angle of about 120g to each other about the center of gravity of the platform, the above, from potential under- and overpressures in the hollow bodies developing restoring force against tilting unfold. Generally speaking, for this reason, in preferred embodiments of the present invention, three or more buoyancy bodies are arranged symmetrically about the center of gravity of the platform. In some preferred embodiments, the cover element is square, and there are four or nine buoyancy bodies arranged symmetrically about its center. Or it may be any number greater than 3 circular, cross or star-shaped arranged around the center of gravity.
    While the ratio between the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the buoyant bodies and the surface of the cover member is not particularly limited as long as the volume of the trapped cavities is sufficient to accommodate the entire floating platform, including the load carried thereon, e.g. of a solar power plant to give the necessary boost. Preferably, however, the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the buoyancy bodies makes up at least half the area of the cover element in order to limit the overpressure in the buoyancy bodies.
    With a rather small ratio between the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the buoyancy bodies and the surface of the cover element, the buoyancy bodies are preferably mounted predominantly on the edges of the platform to prevent tilting.
    The vertical cross-sectional shape of the buoyancy bodies is not particularly limited as long as they are open at the bottom and effectively prevent leakage of the filled compressed air. Therefore, for example, a cross-sectional profile substantially corresponding to an upside-down U, more preferably, is preferably set to -4........... *. • • * ♦ • • ·· * m ♦ · 9 * 9 ♦ ♦
    «* · Upside-down U-profile, whose cross-section tapers downwards, whereby the dimensional stability of the buoyancy body is increased.
    The cover element is not particularly limited. In contrast to the prior art, it does not need to be a flat cover element, as this does not represent the upper limit for the compressed air cavity below. Therefore, the cover element of the invention may, for example, also be a truss structure, which is preferred in view of its low weight. An at least partially timbered construction offers not only the reduced weight but also the advantage that rain or splash water can flow away unhindered. In the case of flat cover elements, however, care can also be taken by providing corresponding drainage openings.
    The shape of the cap member is also not particularly limited, however, for reasons of stabilization against swell from all directions, a symmetrical shape such as, e.g. Circle or square, is preferred.
    Of the at least one compressed air generating device, which for safety reasons is preferably at least two devices, such as e.g. Compressors, acts, pipe or hose connections extend into the cavities of the buoyancy bodies in order to fill them with compressed air. Preferably, these air supply lines open into the center of the respective buoyant body from above into these, in order to ensure a uniform filling of the buoyant body. The buoyancy bodies can, if not structurally otherwise possible, have overpressure valves in order to prevent overstretching or even bursting of the buoyancy bodies in the case of any malfunctioning of the compressors. These relief valves, if present, are preferably mounted at a height such that they are above the water level during normal operation of the swimming platform. However, pressure relief valves are not preferred due to manufacturing costs. -5- * · · «·· • * ♦ • * * * Φ • •« «♦ · Φ« · »· · · § ·· *
    Theoretically, to fill the buoyancy bodies, a gas other than air, e.g. a noble gas, are used. For cost reasons and with regard to availability in off-shore operation, air will probably be the gas of choice. ♦ · * ···
    Furthermore, in preferred embodiments, the lower edges of the buoyancy bodies are weighted in a known manner with weights in order to prevent them being lifted or pressed by external action, be it by swell, flotsam or larger sea creatures, so that the air can escape from the cavity.
    For similar considerations, in preferred embodiments of the invention, the buoyancy bodies are internally braced to maintain the volume of the respective cavities substantially constant. For this purpose, preferably opposite points of the inner walls are provided by means of struts, e.g. made of aluminum or plastic, connected to each other, for example, 4 points cross-shaped or 6 or 8 points connected in a star shape.
    In particularly preferred embodiments of the floating platform according to the invention in addition to the buoyancy bodies in addition one or more Spierentonnen or similar elements are attached to the underside of the cover element. These not only enhance buoyancy generated by the buoyancy bodies, but to some extent can also act as a sea anchor by counteracting drift of the swim platform. In addition, such Spierentonnen can replace some of the buoyancy bodies, as long as the remaining number is sufficient to produce the required buoyancy.
    In addition, one or more closed floating bodies may additionally be attached to the underside of the cover element, e.g. tufted closed floats or floats made of a low density and high own buoyancy material, e.g. made of plastic foam. These serve on the one hand for safety in the case of any total failure of the compressors, on the other hand they simplify the transport and positioning of the floating platform from in-use. * · · v v * * · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · ·. before the cavities of the buoyancy bodies are filled with compressed air.
    To stabilize the platform, these closed floats preferably have a downwardly tapering cross-sectional profile. To maximize the effect, preferably one or more such closed floats are provided within and / or around a respective buoyant body and / or around it, more preferably within and / or around each buoyant body. Preferably, at least one closed floating body is provided in each buoyant body, and more preferably at least one circular and / or multiple annular buoyant closed buoyant body is provided around each buoyant body.
    In general, in the presence of Spierentonnen or closed floats each several Spierentonnen or more closed floating bodies are arranged symmetrically about the center of gravity of the platform, which in turn offers the best protection against the influence of waves.
    The dimensions of the swimming platform according to the invention are not particularly limited. In preferred embodiments with (rotational) symmetrical circular or square shape, the covering element can have, for example, a diameter or a side length of a few meters up to several hundred meters.
    Finally, the platform according to the invention is preferably provided with drive elements in order to be able to move them on the water, in particular in order to be able to turn them about a vertical axis. This is of great importance when used for floating solar power plants in order to be able to align solar collectors carried on the platform according to the angle of incidence of the sun's rays. These drive elements are not particularly limited, and for example, any types of screw-drive marine engines may be used. With regard to the use of the platform for solar power plants, electric motors are preferred which are operated with a part of the solar energy obtained can. ···· ················································································································································································
    Although the swimming platform of the present invention is not limited to use for off-shore solar power plants, but can in principle be used for any purpose, for example as a landing pad for helicopters. Preferably, however, their use for supporting a solar energy recovery plant, since here the invention particularly good stabilization of the platform against tilting has a direct improvement in the efficiency of the solar power plant result.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    Preferred embodiments of the invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
    Fig. 1 is a schematic isometric view of an embodiment of the floating platform according to the invention obliquely from below.
    Fig. 2 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a buoyant body of the floating platform according to the invention.
    3 is a schematic bottom view of a buoyant body of the swimming platform according to the invention,
    FIG. 4 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view of the embodiment of a buoyant body of FIG. 3. FIG.
    5 is a schematic bottom view of an embodiment of the floating platform according to the invention using a plurality of buoyant bodies from FIG. 4.
    6 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view of the embodiment of the floating platform according to the invention from FIG. 5.
    DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    In Fig. 1, a preferred embodiment of the floating platform according to the invention is shown schematically in an isometric view obliquely from below. The cover element 1, shown here flat, has a square shape. On its underside, nine buoyant bodies 2 are symmetrical about the center of gravity of the qua-8- * "* * *" * v * · ··· * # "I * ·« · "tttff
    * * · · · · · · · · · · * * ♦ «·· * ·· # • * t I 4» k t ·
    ··· * # ♦ · * ·· * -444 · ♦ · · * f φ I · * * · · * * · + ···· # drats (one of them directly in the center of gravity), whose cross-sectional areas sum to the cover most of the surface of the cover element 1.
    Each buoyant body 2 has (in the pressurized state) a cross-sectional shape which substantially corresponds to an inverted U-profile whose cross-section tapers downwards and which defines a cavity 4 together with the water surface (not shown). Reference numeral 6 indicates air intake lines leading to pumps (not shown) and of these into the individual buoyancy bodies. In addition to the buoyancy bodies and around them additional closed float 8 are provided. The latter in each case have the form of circular ring segments, as can be seen even better in figures explained below.
    Fig. 2 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view of one embodiment of a buoyancy body of the platform according to the invention. Reference numeral 2 here again marks the membrane wall of the buoyant body, with 3 the water surface and with 4 again the cavity above it. Here now also two air pumps or compressors 5 are shown. As can be seen even better from the further drawings, each buoyant body 2 is supplied in preferred embodiments of the invention of several compressors 5 with air to prevent any Fehffunktio-NEN.
    The air supply line 6 opens here centrally in the buoyancy body 2 a. Either in the air supply line 6 or in the region of the sealing body 9 between the air supply line and the buoyancy body, a (not shown) check valve may be provided. The lower edge of the buoyant body 2 is weighted with tears 10 to ensure its immersion. With reference numeral 8 again closed floats are marked, here with 8a outside, i. above, the buoyancy body 2 lying and 8b within the same lying closed floating body are called. At the top is finally exemplified a variety of resting on the cover element tubular solar panels 11 located. - 9 - * · · # · * * φ * · · # · * * φ
    ···················································································. - »* * · • · · · · · * * ····· * * M« ···
    Fig. 3 is a schematic bottom view of a similar buoyant body as in Fig. 2. Reference numeral 2 again marks the membrane wall of the buoyant body, with the interior of the two concentric circles representing the downward taper. Here are a total of four air blower or compressor 5 can be seen, of which the buoyant body can be fed. Once again, closed buoys located outside (i.e., above and therefore drawn dashed in the present bottom view) of the buoyant body 2 are indicated at 8a and within it lying at 8b. A total of four floating bodies lying next to the buoyancy body 2 are simply marked 8.
    Fig. 4 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view of the buoyant body of Fig. 3 taken along the line A-A thereof with the same components and reference numerals.
    Fig. 5 is a schematic bottom view of one embodiment of the floating platform according to the invention using a plurality of the buoyancy bodies shown in Figs. 3 and 4. More specifically, a floating platform according to the invention can also be assembled in a modular design by individual, with buoyancy bodies and optionally with closed floats and / or Spierentonnen and the like equipped sections are combined together to form an overall platform. This allows a simplification of the production of the platform according to the invention, since only a few different modules need to be manufactured and then targeted, depending on the planned site and the prevailing sea and wind conditions, can be combined to the most suitable platform. For this reason too, a square shape of the floating platform according to the invention is preferred.
    Fig. 5 illustrates such a modular construction, wherein five modules with Auf-driving bodies 2 and closed floats, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4, cross-shaped interconnected and point symmetrical about the center of gravity are arranged. In the corners of the platform four modules are provided, which have no buoyancy bodies or closed floats, but only one Spierentonne 7. Also this example is just like the other only -10- * t · · »t« «· · · * · · * * ·· ··· '* · I * · # «······· As an illustration of the invention and not by way of limitation, for example Spierentonnen can be provided within the buoyancy body, etc.
    6 is finally a schematic vertical cross-sectional view of the embodiment of the floating platform according to the invention from FIG. 5 along the line B-B there.
    Thus, the present invention provides a floating platform that is much better stabilized against tilting due to the action of wind and waves compared to similar prior art platforms, and thus is particularly well suited as a platform for offshore solar power plants. -11
    I
    权利要求:
    Claims (13)
    [1]
    PATENT CLAIMS 1. A swimming platform, comprising: a) a cover member (1); b) at least three separate, on the underside of the cover member (1) fixedly mounted, downwardly open buoyancy body (2) made of a gas-tight, pressure and corrosion resistant, flexible material, which in contact with a Flüssigkeitsoberfiäche (3) each have a closed Include cavity (4) with this; and c) at least one compressed air generating device (5) for producing an overpressure in the individual cavities (4).
    [2]
    2. Swimming platform according to claim 1, characterized in that the buoyancy bodies (2) are arranged symmetrically about the center of the platform.
    [3]
    3. Swimming platform according to claim 2, characterized in that the platform is square and four or nine buoyancy bodies (2) are arranged symmetrically about the center of the platform.
    [4]
    4. Swimming platform according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the buoyancy bodies (2) have a circular horizontal cross-section.
    [5]
    5. Swimming platform according to claim 4, characterized in that an air supply line (6) from the compressed air generating device (5) in the center of each buoyant body (2) opens into this.
    [6]
    6. Swimming platform according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lower edges of the buoyancy bodies (2) are weighted with weights.
    [7]
    7. Swimming platform according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the buoyancy bodies (2) are internally braced.
    [8]
    8. Swimming platform according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the underside of the cover element (1) in addition one or more Spierentonnen (7) are mounted.
    [9]
    9. Swimming platform according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the underside of the cover element (1) in addition one or more closed floating body (8) are mounted.
    [10]
    10. Swimming platform according to claim 9, characterized in that the closed floats (8) have a downwards and to the edge of the platform veijüngendes cross-sectional profile.
    [11]
    11. Swimming platform according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that one or more closed float (8) within a respective buoyancy body (2) and / or are provided around it.
    [12]
    12. Swimming platform according to one of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that a plurality of Spierentonnen (7) and / or a plurality of closed floating body (8) are arranged symmetrically about the center of gravity of the platform.
    [13]
    13. Use of a swimming platform according to one of claims 1 to 12 for supporting a plant for the production of solar energy. Vienna, July 13, 2011 Vienna University of Technology by:
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
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    ATA1028/2011A|AT511850B1|2011-07-13|2011-07-13|FLOATING PLATFORM|ATA1028/2011A| AT511850B1|2011-07-13|2011-07-13|FLOATING PLATFORM|
    EP12750695.4A| EP2731859B1|2011-07-13|2012-07-09|Floating platform|
    PCT/AT2012/050096| WO2013006881A1|2011-07-13|2012-07-09|Floating platform|
    ES12750695.4T| ES2578780T3|2011-07-13|2012-07-09|Floating platform|
    US14/232,068| US9365267B2|2011-07-13|2012-07-09|Floating platform|
    CN201280043272.9A| CN103764493A|2011-07-13|2012-07-09|Floating platform|
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