• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Process for producing an electrode which has electrically conductive particles (2), in particular doped diamond particles or doped TiO 2 crystal particles, which are embedded in one layer in a plastic carrier layer (1) and protrude on both sides of this layer. A first and a second auxiliary layer (3) of a soft material having at least one plastic (4, 5) film and possibly at least one support layer (20) are continuously joined together to form a multilayer material, wherein n) (4) the particles (2) are applied in one layer and adhering, wherein the multilayer material is transported in a double belt press (14) or a calender and exposed there to pressure and heat, wherein the plastic of the film (s) (4, 5 ) and the particles (2) are exposed on both outer sides of the support layer (1) formed from the film (s) (4, 5), and after the exit from the double belt press (14) or the calender the auxiliary layers (3) are removed and the cooled composite material is cut into electrodes. The invention therefore provides a continuous manufacturing process which allows the electrodes to be produced with high production capacity and high quality.
    公开号:AT511817A4
    申请号:T50037/2012
    申请日:2012-02-22
    公开日:2013-03-15
    发明作者:Wolfgang Staber；Robert Hermann；Wolfgang Wesner；Michael Schelch
    申请人:Pro Aqua Diamantelektroden Produktion Gmbh & Co Kg；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    1 per aqua diamond electrodes production GmbH & Co KG PA 8282
    Description 5
    The invention relates to a method for producing an electrode which has electrically conductive particles, in particular doped diamond particles or doped TiO 2 crystal particles, which are embedded in one layer in a plastic carrier layer and protrude on both sides of this layer. Such a method is known from WO 2007/116004 A2. As electrically conductive particles doped diamond particles are provided, which are introduced between two plastic films, wherein the particles are exposed by heating or melting of the two films under external pressure at the film outer sides. The method to be fed through in a press mold considerably limits the production capacity, since the pressing process takes a long time each time. In addition, the size of the electrodes to be produced is limited.
    The invention has for its object to provide a method with which high-quality electrodes with high production capacity can be produced.
    The object is achieved erfmdungsgemäß in that a first and a second auxiliary layer of a soft material with at least one sheet of plastic and optionally at least one support layer are continuously assembled into a multilayer material 30, wherein the or one of the film (s) the particles are applied in one layer and adhering, wherein the multilayer material is transported in a double belt press 2 or a calender and there pressure and heat is exposed, wherein the plastic of the film (s) melts and the particles on both outer sides of the from or the film (n) resulting carrier layer are exposed, and wherein after exiting the double belt press or the calender, the auxiliary layers are removed 5 and the cooled material is allied cut to electrodes.
    The stated object is also achieved according to the invention in that a mixture of plastic granulate and the particles is applied to an auxiliary layer made of a soft material, then a second auxiliary layer of the soft material is placed and the multilayer material thus formed is subjected to pressure and heat. so that the plastic material melts and the particles are finnigged on both outer sides of the forming carrier layer, wherein subsequently the auxiliary layers are removed and the cooled composite material is cut into electrodes. 15
    The invention therefore provides a continuous manufacturing process which allows the electrodes to be produced with high production capacity and high quality. In a particularly simple and expedient manner, the particles can be applied to the film by means of a scattering device. This spreader can be designed in a conventional manner and comprise a reservoir for the particles. It may also be controlled accordingly by the central control of the device with regard to the amount of particles to be scattered on the film. The spreader 25 also allows the particles to be applied over the entire width of the film.
    The particles should preferably be applied in one layer and largely without mutual contact with the film and adhere to this until it is combined with the second film or the second auxiliary layer. In a particularly elegant and simple manner, adhesion of the particles is achieved by electrostatic charging of the particles and the film by means of a suitable generator. This ensures adhesion of the 3 directly in contact with the film particles, the excess, non-adherent particles can, for example, aspirated or fold on further transport of the film on a roller, roller or the like and are collected in a container. Alternatively, adhesion of the particles to the film can be achieved by previously placing an adhesive layer on the film. Particles that are not in contact with the film may be removed as described.
    Depending on the plastic material, the films which are particularly suitable in the context of the process according to the invention are made available either as film webs or as film plates from the manufacturer. The inventive method allows both the use of plates and webs.
    The support material introduced into one or more layers is preferably a cutter or a tissue which is positioned between the film or at least one of the films and the adjacent auxiliary layer adjacent thereto or on the outside of at least one of the auxiliary layers or between the films. The design as a grid or fabric has the advantage that the particles - the diamond particles or the IHVKristallpartikel - can penetrate the support layer or the support layers during melting of the film material and so protrude on both sides of the support layer formed. The material for the support layer or the support layers should have a higher melting point than the film material, in order to avoid melting of the support layers during the melting of the film (s).
    If diamond particles are used for the production of the electrode, then these 25 can in particular be single crystals and so-called industrial diamonds with preferred particle sizes between 160 μm and 350 μm.
    TiO 2 crystal particles are preferably used with particle sizes between 300 μm and up to 5 mm, in particular up to 2 mm. 30 4
    The thickness of the film or of the films is matched to the average particle sizes of the particles and is usually between 12.5 μm and 250 μm. For a good stability of the finished electrode and an optimal exposure of the particles during the pressing or rolling process, it is advantageous according to the invention, if the ratio between the thickness of the film or the sum of the thicknesses of the films and the particle size of the particles for a certain electrode is 3.9 to 9.0, in particular up to 6.0.
    Depending on whether the films are available as webs or as plates, the auxiliary layers are also used accordingly in the form of webs or plates
    If a plastic granulate is used instead of film material, then the multilayer material, which is first made up of two auxiliary layers and the plastic granules mixed with the particles between the auxiliary layers, is likewise subjected to pressure and heat in a double belt press or in a roll calender, in order to achieve this Melting of the plastic material and an exposure of the particles on the two sides of the plastic material forming carrier layer to achieve. Also in this alternative method diamond particles, in particular as industrial diamonds, with grain sizes between 160 pm 20 and 350 μτη used, Ti 02-Kri stable particles are used with particle sizes between 300 pm and 5 mm, in particular up to 2 mm.
    The invention further relates to electrodes which are produced according to the inventive method. 25
    Further features, advantages and details of the invention will now be described with reference to the schematic drawing illustrating exemplary embodiments. FIG. 1 shows a sectional view of a section of an electrode produced by the method according to the invention, FIG
    Fig. 2 is a sectional view during the manufacture of the electrode and
    Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 operating principles of the production of the electrode using 5 a double belt press.
    The invention relates to a method for producing an electrode for an electrochemical cell (electrolysis cell). The electrode consists, as shown in FIG. 1, of electrically conductive particles 2, which are embedded in one layer and without mutual contact in a plastic carrier layer 1, protrude slightly on both sides of the carrier layer 1 and are thus partially exposed. The particles 2 are either doped diamond particles or doped TiO ^ single crystals. The diamond particles are in particular produced in a high pressure / high temperature process, preferably with boron, but also with nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, niobium, lithium, sulfur or oxygen 15 doped industrial diamonds (single crystals). The doped TiCfe crystals may be prepared from a melt according to one of the known crystal growth techniques, for example according to the method of Bridgman-Stockbarger. The TiCV crystals may be small cultured single crystals or particles of larger grown crystals, which are correspondingly comminuted, for example cut. The doping takes place in the starting material or during the crystal growth in the
    Melt. For doping, a variety of elements in question, for example, lithium, niobium, aluminum, phosphorus, gallium, boron, arsenic, indium, germanium, iridium, ruthenium, rhodium, antimony, nitrogen, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, chromium or yttrium or the oxides or the fluorides of said elements. Particularly suitable are iridium or ruthenium.
    The particles 2 have grain sizes between about 100 μπι to a few millimeters, in particular up to 5 mm. Diamond particles with particle sizes 30 between 160 gm and 350 gm and TiO 2 particles with particle sizes between 300 gm and 5 mm, in particular up to 2 mm, are particularly suitable for the production of electrodes by the process according to the invention. For the production of a specific electrode in the 6
    Essentially the same size particles 2 and that particles 2 Komgnößenbereiches, for example, diamond particles of grain size 160 pm / 180pm, as will be described, used. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the carrier layer 1 is produced from two films 4, 5 of chemically stable polymers, in particular polytetrafluoroethylene (Teflon), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), perfluoroalkoxylalkane (PFA), fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP), ethylene tetrafluoroethylene ( ETFE), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyvinylchloride 10 (PVC) or polyphenylene sulphide (PPS). There are two slides 4, 5 of the same
    Material used with thicknesses from 12.5 pm to 250 pm. The thickness of the films 4, 5 depends on the size of the particles 2. Each film 4, 5 is placed on a thin hüftschicht 3 of a soft, resilient material. The thickness of the auxiliary layers 3 is in particular between 0.5 mm and 3 mm. Examples of suitable materials for the auxiliary layers 3 are Teflon (polytetrafluoroethylene), Viton and Kapton (fluoroelastomers from DuPont), neoprene (chloroprene rubber or polychloroprene or chlorobutadiene rubber), thermoplastic vulcanizates (TPV), fluororubbers, for example copolymers of vinylidene fluoride (US Pat. VDF) and hexafluoropropylene (HFP) and terpolymers of VDF, HFP and tetrafluoroethylene (TFE), further fluorinated elastomers such as perfluororubber (FFKM), tetrafluoroethylene / propylene rubbers (FEPM) and fluorinated silicone rubber (VQM), as well as silicones, but Graphite or metals such as lead, aluminum or copper in question. The auxiliary layers 3 as well as the films 4, 5 are preferably supplied and used as roll goods, alternatively as plates. FIG. 2 shows the relevant construction during the production of the electrode with two foils 4, 5, the particles 2 located therebetween and the auxiliary layers 3 respectively located on the outer sides of the foils 4, 5.
    FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 schematically show ways of producing the electrode using a double-belt press 14. Double-belt presses are known in different versions and consist, for example, of two self-contained bands 7, each mounted on two rollers 6, 6 '. 7 in particular made of stainless steel. Between the upper and lower belt 7 is a gap whose width can be adjusted. The material to be pressed is introduced or clamped in the gap, so that the material is pulled through the press 14 between the belts 7 running in the same direction at the desired speed. At the same time pressure is applied to the material in the press 14 perpendicularly from both sides in a known manner. The conveying device (s) transporting the material to be pressed into the double belt press 14 is / are not shown. In the variant illustrated in FIG. 3, auxiliary layer webs 3 'and film webs 4', 5 'unwound from rolls not shown are each guided over a roll 9 and are joined together in such a way. On the top in Fig. 3 film web 4 'are over a
    Spreader 8, the particles 2 applied. A generator 19 then provides for electrostatic charging of the film web 4 'and the particles 2 and so for an electrostatic adhesion of the particles 2 in contact with the film web 4'. The excess particles 2 fall during the transport of the auxiliary film web 3 '15 Film web 4 'via another roll 10 in a collecting bin 11. Another roll 12 leads the film webs 4', 5 'when entering the double belt press 14 together. In the double belt press 14, the material layers are exposed to pressure and heat, so that the film webs 4.5 'melt and are firmly joined together. As a result of the outer soft 20 auxiliary layers 3 ', the particles 2 partly penetrate through the film material on both sides and are respectively partially exposed on the outer sides of the film material. The material composite emerging from the double belt press 14 is optionally cooled and the auxiliary layer webs 3 'are pulled off. The "electrode web" is cut into electrodes of desired size. 25
    Fig. 4 shows an embodiment in which the films are used as film plates 4 ", 5 " be used. On an endless conveyor belt 16, which is mounted on rollers 15, pieces of material from the auxiliary layer web 3 ", which for example is in roll form, and the film plate 4 " stored. For example, the pieces of material may be made between roller and roll pairs 17, the auxiliary sheet 3 "is cut according to the size of the sheets 4", 5 ". A piece of material from 8
    Foil plate 5 " and auxiliary layer 3 " is stored on an auxiliary device 18 which is movable in the direction of the double arrow P. On the composite of foil plate 4 " and auxiliary layer 3 " The particles 2 are applied via a spreader 8. A generator 19 provides electrostatic charging of the 5 particles 2 and the foil plate 4 "so that the particles 2 in contact with the foil plate 4" adhere to the foil plate 4 ". The conveyor belt 16 transports the piece of material such that the excess particles 2 fall off and can be collected in a receiving container 11. Known per se, not shown suction ensure a sticking of the piece of material on the transport collar 16 until 10 of this piece is joined to the second, located on the auxiliary device 18 material. This material of film pieces 4 ", 5 ", Particles 2 and Hiifsschichten 3 " is transported into and through the double belt press 14 and fused as described above. The material of the auxiliary layer webs 33 "is selected and attached to the material of the film webs 4 ', 5' or film plates 4", 5 ". adjusted so that the auxiliary layer webs 3 ', 3 " have a higher melting point than the film webs 4 ', 5' or foil plates 4 ", 5 " and do not melt during the pressing process. 20 Instead of two foil webs or two foil plates can be used to manufacture the
    Electrodes also used only a foil sheet or a foil plate grazing. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, only the film web 4 'would be present, the film web 5' is omitted. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, only one, such as the foil plate 4 "would be present, on the auxiliary device 18, only the one auxiliary layer plate 25 is positioned. Otherwise, the manufacturing processes are analogous to those described, wherein in the double belt press the particles penetrate the melting film layer and therefore finally project on both sides out of the originally single-layer film material. In the manufacturing process, the particles 2 are to be applied in a single-layered manner and adhered to at least one of the films or on the film at least substantially without mutual contact. Instead of electrostatic charging, as described, an adhesive layer, for example of an adhesive, to which the particles 2 adhere well or sufficiently can be applied to the side of the film on which the particles are applied. 5
    As shown in FIG. 2, in order to increase the mechanical strength of the electrodes produced either between at least one of the foils 4, 5 and the respective auxiliary layer 3 or between the single foil and at least one auxiliary layer or between the foils 4, S, a supporting layer 20, one or more layers, which is designed as a support grid io or supporting fabric or the like, are introduced. Alternatively, it is possible to apply a support grid or support fabric 20 on the already produced electrode on an outer side or on both outer sides, for example, to be laminated or glued on. Plastics such as polytetrafluoroethylene (Teflon), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), perfluoroalkoxyalkane (PFA), fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP), ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE), polyetheretherketone (PEEK) or polyphenylene sulfide are suitable as the material for the support grid or support fabric iS 20 (PPS), glass fibers, plastic-coated glass fibers, ceramics or metals. The material for the support layer (s) 20 is matched to the material of the films 4, S with respect to the melting point, so that the support layer (s) do not melt during the melting of the films 4, 5. For a good stability of the electrode produced as well as an optimal exposure of the particles 2 during the pressing process, it is advantageous according to the invention, to tune the particle sizes of the particles 2 on the film thicknesses of the films 4,5 in a special way. The ratio of the average particle sizes (particle size) of the particles 2 used to the sum of the thicknesses of the films 4, 5 used (film webs 4 ', 5 film plates 4 ", 5") or the thickness of the film used, if only one 30 is used, should be determined according to of the invention between 3.9 and 9.0, in particular up to 6.0. Foils 4, 5 with different thicknesses can be used, for example a foil 4, 5 having a thickness of 25 μm can be used in combination with a foil 4, 5 having a thickness of 50 μm.
    The surface pressure applied in the double belt press 14 is between 50 N / cm 2 5 and 500 N / cm 2, preferably between 100 N / cm 2 and 300 N / cm 2.
    As an alternative to films 4, 5, the plastic material can be used as plastic granules (PTFE), which are connected to the particles 2 in a double-belt press analogously to the embodiment described above. A mixture of the plastic granules and the particles 2 is applied to an auxiliary layer web positioned on a conveyor, then a second auxiliary layer web is applied and the material composite thus produced is subjected to heat and pressure in the double belt press so that the plastic granules fuse to the carrier layer and the particles fuse to both Pages of this layer are exposed. 15
    To melt the films, a roll calender or the like can be used instead of a double belt press.
    The manufacturing process also runs largely automatically via a corresponding central electronic control 20. 5 11
    Reference numerals 1 ....................... Carrier layer 2 ....................... Particle 3 ....................... auxiliary layer 3 '...................... Auxiliary sheet 10 3 " ..................... auxiliary sheet 4 ....................... Foil 4 '...................... Foil 4 "..................... Foil plate 5 ....................... Slide 15 5 '...................... Film web 5 " ..................... Foil sheet 6 ....................... roll 6 '...................... Roll 7 ....................... Band 20 8 ....................... spreading device 9 ....................... Roller 10 ........................ Roller 11 ...................... Container 12 .. ................... roll 25 14 ..................... Double belt press 15 ..... ................ roll 16 ..................... conveyor belt 17 ......... ............ roller or roller pair 18 ..................... auxiliary device 30 19 ........ ............. Generator 20 ..................... Supporting layer
    权利要求:
    Claims (19)
    [1]
    1. A process for producing an electrode comprising electrically conductive particles (2), in particular doped diamond particles or doped TiCh crystal particles, which are embedded in one layer in a plastic carrier layer (1) and protrude on both sides of this layer, characterized in that a first and a second auxiliary layer (3) of a soft material with at least one plastic film (4, 5) and optionally at least one support layer (20) are continuously joined together to form a multilayer material, wherein the or a the film (s) (4) the particles (2) are applied in one layer and adhering, wherein the multilayer material in a double belt press (14) or a calender transported and there pressure and heat is exposed, wherein the plastic of the film (s) ( 4, 5) melts and the particles (2) on both outer sides of the resulting from the or the film (s) (4, S) carrier layer (1) uncovered we and after the exit from the double belt press (14) or the calender, the auxiliary layers (3) are removed and the cooled composite material is cut into electrodes.
    [2]
    2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the particles (2) via a scattering device (8) are applied to the film (4).
    [3]
    3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that for adhesion of the particles (2) on the film (4), the particles (2) and the film (4) are charged electrostatically. 13 13
    [4]
    4. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the adhesion of the particles (2) on the film (4), the film is provided with an adhesive layer.
    [5]
    5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the 5 film (s) (4, 5) as a film web (s) (4 ', 5') is used or be.
    [6]
    A method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the film (s) (4, 5) is used as a plate (s) (4 ", 5"). 7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the at least one support layer (20) is a grid or a fabric and between the film or at least one of the films and the auxiliary layer adjacent thereto or on the outside at least one of Auxiliary layers or between the films is positioned. 15
    [7]
    8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the particles (2) diamond particles (single crystals) with grain sizes between 160 pm and 350 jim. 20
    [8]
    9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the particles (2) T1O2 KriStallpartikel with particle sizes between 300 μτη and 5mm, in particular up to 2 mm, are.
    [9]
    10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the film (s) (4, 5) have a thickness between 12.5 pm and 250 pm.
    [10]
    11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the ratio between the thickness of the film or the sum of the cities of the films (4, 5) and the particle size of the particles (2) for a particular electrode 3.9 to 9.0. 30 14
    [11]
    12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that the ratio between the thickness of the film or the sum of the thicknesses of the films (4,5) and the particle size of the particles (2) for a particular electrode is up to 6.0.
    [12]
    13. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the auxiliary layers (3) are used in the form of sheets or plates.
    [13]
    14. A process for the production of an electrode which comprises electrically conductive particles (2), in particular doped diamond particles or doped TiCh crystals, which are embedded in one layer in a plastic carrier layer (1) and exposed on both sides of this layer, characterized in that a mixture of plastic granules and the particles is applied to an auxiliary layer of a soft material, then a second IS auxiliary layer of the soft material is applied and the multilayer material thus formed is subjected to pressure and heat, so that the plastic material melts and the particles melt on both outer sides the forming carrier layer are exposed, wherein subsequently the auxiliary layers are removed and the cooled composite material is cut into electrodes. 20
    [14]
    15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that the multilayer material in a double belt press (14) pressure and heat is exposed.
    [15]
    16. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that the multilayer material is exposed to pressure and heat in a roll calender.
    [16]
    17. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 16, characterized in that particles (2) are diamond particles (single crystals) with particle sizes between 160 μτη and 350 pm. 15
    [17]
    18. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 16, characterized in that the particles (2) TiCh crystal particles with particle sizes between 300 pm and 5mm, in particular up to 2 mm, are.
    [18]
    19. An electrode which is prepared by the method according to one or more of claims 1 to 13.
    [19]
    20, electrode which is produced by the method according to one or more of claims 14 to 18. 10
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    同族专利:
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    AT511817B1|2013-03-15|
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    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    WO2004005585A1|2002-07-08|2004-01-15|Pro Aqua Diamantelektroden Produktion Gmbh & Co Keg|Diamond electrode and method for production thereof|
    JP2005272910A|2004-03-24|2005-10-06|Kurita Water Ind Ltd|Electrode for electrolysis|
    JP2005272908A|2004-03-24|2005-10-06|Kurita Water Ind Ltd|Bipolar electrode for electrolytic treatment and electrolytic treatment apparatus using it|
    JP2005325417A|2004-05-14|2005-11-24|Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd|Diamond electrode and production method therefor|
    AT413109B|2004-05-28|2005-11-15|Gruber Karl Dipl Ing Dr|DIAMOND ELECTRODE ON PLASTIC BASE|
    WO2007116004A2|2006-04-10|2007-10-18|Pro Aqua Diamantelektroden Produktion Gmbh & Co Keg|Method for the production of a diamond electrode, and diamond electrode|DE102014208249A1|2014-04-30|2015-11-05|Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V.|Process for the preparation of polymer films or plate-like elements made of polymer|AU2010274095B2|2009-07-16|2013-09-26|Watkins Manufacturing Corporation|Drop-in chlorinator for portable spas|
    AT511433B1|2011-11-03|2012-12-15|Pro Aqua Diamantelektroden Gmbh & Co Kg|ELECTRODE, ITS USE AND ELECTROCHEMICAL CELL|AT516720B1|2015-05-18|2016-08-15|Pro Aqua Diamantelektroden Produktion Gmbh & Co Kg|Process for producing an electrode|
    CN105624726A|2015-12-30|2016-06-01|金刚宝石水高科技有限公司|Electrode for electrochemical battery|
    法律状态:
    2018-10-15| MM01| Lapse because of not paying annual fees|Effective date: 20180222 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA50037/2012A|AT511817B1|2012-02-22|2012-02-22|Process for producing an electrode|ATA50037/2012A| AT511817B1|2012-02-22|2012-02-22|Process for producing an electrode|
    ES13155636.7T| ES2625699T3|2012-02-22|2013-02-18|Procedure to produce an electrode|
    EP13155636.7A| EP2631335B1|2012-02-22|2013-02-18|Method for producing an electrode|
    PT131556367T| PT2631335T|2012-02-22|2013-02-18|Method for producing an electrode|
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