专利摘要:
The invention relates to a rotary shears (1) for comminuting waste, in particular shavings, with at least one motor (2), a cutting rotor (3) which can be driven by the motor (2) with at least one cutting edge (4) and at least one reveal bottom plate (5 ), wherein a cutting profile of the cutting rotor (3) with at least one adapted to the cutting profile, on the bottom plate (5) fixed or formed by this counterpart (6), in particular a counter knife cooperates. According to the invention, a tensioning element (7) is provided, which frictionally holds the base plate (5) up to a predetermined force in a working position. As a result, coarse parts which can not be comminuted by the rotary shear (1) can be automatically ejected. The invention further relates to a method for crushing lumpy waste that is contaminated with coarse particles, with such a rotary shear (1).
公开号:AT511382A1
申请号:T6232011
申请日:2011-05-04
公开日:2012-11-15
发明作者:
申请人:Atm Recyclingsystems Gmbh;
IPC主号:
专利说明:

• »* *» »* *! »» »· · · · I I · Λ ·· · I« · · | t t I · »» I «
ι »ι ι ·» t »· IM 1
rotary shear
The invention relates to a rotary shears for shredding waste, in particular chips, with at least one motor, a drivable by the motor cutting rotor with at least one cutting edge and at least one openable bottom plate, wherein a cutting profile of the cutting rotor with at least one cutting profile adapted to the bottom plate attached or by this formed counterpart, in particular a counter knife cooperates.
Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for crushing lumpy wastes such as chips, which are contaminated with heavy crushable coarse particles, with a rotary shear, in particular with a rotary shear of the type mentioned, wherein the waste to be crushed introduced into a feed and from a cutting rotor with at least one cutting edge in cooperation with a cutting profile adapted, attach to an openable bottom plate counterpart, in particular a counter knife, is crushed.
According to the prior art, various rotary shears for shredding waste are known. EP 2 113 305 A2 describes a comminution device with a rotor carrying a rotating and comminuting blade, which cooperates with a stator blade mounted on a housing. Non-shredded foreign bodies are ejected in this device via a pivotally arranged Zuführwand. Unfavorable here is that an indirect connection of the feed wall is provided with a force accumulator, which requires a manual intervention after opening in order to put the compound back into a working state. A further disadvantage of this device is that a wedge-shaped tapering intake region is provided, in which larger parts can cause clogging of the comminution device due to larger-than-average parts, so that the comminution process can only be continued by manual intervention.
EP 0 659 485 A2 describes a bulky waste material shredding device comprising a crushing roll, a hopper and a pivotally movable wall. A disadvantage of this construction is that the pivotable wall is not openable and thus coarse parts can not be eliminated. The result of this is that coarse particles which are disposed in the waste and which can not be reduced by the device cause a standstill and complicated start-up activities, before the comminution process can be continued.
In DE 197 00 808 A1 a rotary shears for crushing bulky waste with a cutting rotor and a fixed counter knife is described. Here, a bottom plate is provided, which is designed to be pivotable for the purpose of coarse ejection. The disadvantage here is that due to a provided locking element here also manual intervention for coarse part ejection is required.
The object of the invention is to provide a rotary shear of the type mentioned above, can be automatically detected in the waste of the rotary shears in the waste difficult to chop in the waste and then ejected automatically. This is to be achieved in a particularly simple, robust and cost-effective manner.
Furthermore, a method of the aforementioned type is to be specified, in which the coarse parts located in the waste and not shredded by the rotary shear do not interrupt the comminution process permanently.
The first object is achieved in that in a rotary shears of the type mentioned a clamping element is provided which holds the bottom plate non-positively up to a predetermined force in a working position. A force beyond that is caused by the cutting rotor when a coarse part, which can not be crushed by the rotary shear, comes to rest between the cutting edge and the counterpart.
This ensures that the bottom plate opens as soon as a force caused by a coarse part exceeds a predefined value, and the coarse part can be discharged.
An advantage achieved by the invention is also to be seen in the fact that coarse parts can be detected and ejected automatically and without manual intervention, and the connection between the base plate and the clamping element is not interrupted. This has the advantage that the bottom plate, to which the clamping force "« * * «· ♦ • t» · · · · · · · ψ * · · »* ·« ··· «···· · * · I «* 4 · ♦ ♦ · * · ··« 3 operates continuously, only opens as far as necessary to eject the coarse part.
It has been proven that the bottom plate is formed by pivoting openable. 5 This has the advantage that the space requirement of the device can be kept small despite moving parts.
Conveniently, the bottom plate is designed to pivot downwards. This ensures that coarse parts are discharged by gravity from a cutting area 10.
If the bottom plate is designed to be pivotable, then it is advantageous if a pivot axis of the bottom plate lies above the bottom plate. The advantage that can be achieved with this is to be seen in particular in that, even at a small pivot angle, a large area is released for discharging a coarse part, compared to other arrangements.
It is preferably provided that the clamping element is designed as a hydraulic cylinder. This can be achieved via a, optionally adjustable, pressure relief valve 20 a cost-effective definition of the biasing force.
It is advantageous if the clamping element acts approximately at one end of the bottom plate, which is opposite to a counterpart of the cutting profile bearing end of the bottom plate, and the pivot axis lies horizontally between the ends of the bottom plate 25. As a result, a maximum lever arm for the clamping element is achieved, whereby the forces in this element can be kept small. It is also advantageous to see that the clamping element is not mounted in the Grobteilaustrags to have this space for the discharge of coarse parts and chips available. Moreover, it is favorable if the pivot axis runs approximately parallel to the cutting rotor axis, 30 in order to allow a uniform opening of the bottom plate relative to the cutting rotor,
Conveniently, the clamping element is arranged to the bottom plate such that a change in magnitude of a cutting force of the cutting rotor leads to an absolute change of a force component of the clamping element in the direction of the clamping force, which is greater than an absolute change of a force component of Clamping element normal to the direction of the clamping force. With this arrangement, a high sensitivity of the force in the clamping element in the direction of the clamping force is achieved on a change in magnitude 5 of the cutting force, which is a particularly good indicator of coarse parts, resulting in a high sensitivity of Bodenplattenöffnens on coarse parts. Thus, the amount of cutting force from which the bottom plate opens, define very precisely.
Preferably, a sensor is provided with which a current position of the bottom plate 10 and / or derived variables are measurable. This can be particularly easily determined whether the bottom plate has been moved back to coarse-part ejection back into the working position. This sensor can be designed as optical, magnetic, capacitive, mechanical or preferably inductive incremental or absolute-acting sensors. 15
In order to increase the efficiency of the rotary shears, it has been proven that a feed slider is movably mounted on the bottom plate. Thus, the waste, in particular chips, can be pressed to the cutting rotor, which can increase a material throughput. 20
Conveniently, at least a partial movement of the feed slide when opening the bottom plate is coupled to a movement of the bottom plate. A particular advantage of this arrangement is that a distance between the feed slide and the bottom plate when opening the bottom plate does not increase, so that no gap between the bottom plate and feed slide 25 arises, could be trapped in the chips that would prevent complete closing of the bottom plate after Grobteilauswurf.
It is advantageous if a sensor system for determining the position of the feed slider is provided. As a result, an optionally regulated, the waste consistency 30 adapted Zuführschieberbewegung implement. This sensor can be designed as optical, magnetic, capacitive, mechanical or preferably inductive incremental or absolute-acting sensors. «* • * +
5
It has been proven that a hydraulic cylinder is provided, through which the feed slider is driven. This achieves a particularly cost-effective, robust and simple construction. 5 Conveniently, the at least one counterpart is arranged mechanically adjustable. As a result, a gap and / or an angle between the cutting edge and the counterpart can be varied so that the rotary shear can be adapted with minimal effort to a wide variety of waste consistencies. 10 It has proven useful to arrange a divided strainer basket under the cutting rotor and to open at least a part of the strainer basket with the bottom plate. This ensures that only shredded waste below a hole size of the screen basket actually be discharged and when opening the bottom plate, the coarse parts do not get caught on the screen basket. 15
It is advantageous if a hopper is arranged above the cutting rotor and the bottom plate. Thus, the material can be supplied in a particularly simple manner, for example with a crane. 20 It has been proven that a clamping flap is arranged above the bottom plate and the cutting rotor. With this clamping flap, the material can be clamped while the bottom plate opens to discharge any gross part. As a result, the waste located in the filling area is fixed, so that only a minimal proportion of comminuted waste is discharged in addition to the coarse fraction. 25
Preferably, the engine is designed as a hydraulic motor. This achieves a particularly robust design.
It is advantageous if the motor and the cutting rotor are arranged in a common housing 30. This has the advantage that essentially only weight forces act on a foundation on which the rotary shear can be mounted,
Preferably, a locking device is provided with which the base plate and the cutting rotor can be fixed relative to a base in at least one tilted position, " »*» · Φ «· # · • i · &gt; »« «· - · #« »« * * «« * «· t <y *« «··· · ··« 6
This achieves that gravity can be used to convey waste on the bottom plate to the cutting rotor, thereby increasing cutting performance. 5 It has been proven that at least one lateral, lockable ejection opening is provided above the bottom plate. This can be done in a particularly simple manner small any maintenance on the cutting rotor and remove smaller coarse parts manually or automatically. Automatic removal is especially easy when the rotary shear is tilted about an axis normal to a cutting rotor axis and approximately parallel to a plane of erection of the rotary shear, such that coarse particles are moved by gravity from the bottom plate to the discharge opening.
It is advantageous if the lateral ejection opening can be closed by a hydraulically actuable flap. If the ejection opening is closed by a hydraulically actuated flap, this flap can be controlled, in particular remotely or automatically, for the purpose of coarse-part ejection.
The second object is achieved in that in a method of the type mentioned above, a coarse part is automatically detected and ejected. This is done z. Example, by a voltage associated with the bottom plate clamping element, which holds the bottom plate only to the exceeding of a predetermined force in a working position. As soon as this defined force is exceeded, the bottom plate opens and the coarse part can be discharged. 25
Conveniently, the crushing process is automatically resumed after ejecting the coarse fraction. This has the advantage that a coarse part which is not to be comminuted by the rotary shear does not have to lead to manual intervention, since the rotary shear automatically detects and ejects the coarse part and then resumes the comminution process. In this case, the coarse part is detected by an increase in a cutting force and ejected by opening the bottom plate by utilizing gravity. Subsequently, the bottom plate is moved back to the working position.
•·······························································································································
It has been proven that the bottom plate is obtained by means of a clamping element frictionally up to a predetermined force in the working position. This makes an automatic opening of the bottom plate when a predetermined force is exceeded particularly simple. 5
It is advantageous if the base plate is opened as soon as a cutting force on the cutting rotor and counterpart exceeds a predetermined value. This is advantageous because a high cutting force is a good indicator of a coarse part that can not be crushed by the rotor blade, and this is ejected by opening the bottom plate 10 by gravity.
Appropriately, the bottom plate is moved by a biasing force in the clamping element after ejecting the coarse part back to the working position. This makes it possible to continue the comminution process in a particularly simple and cost-effective manner.
It is advantageous if a position of the bottom plate is measured by means of sensors. This ensures that the bottom plate is in its working position before the comminution process starts again and that no coarse part is clamped between the cutting rotor and the bottom plate.
The waste to be shredded is preferably fed to the cutting rotor by means of a feed slide. The advantage achieved thereby is that the waste is pressed with a pressure on the cutting rotor, so that the cutting performance of the rotary shear 25 can be significantly increased.
So that gravity can be used to press the waste to be shredded on the bottom plate to the cutting rotor, it has been proven that the bottom plate and the cutting rotor against a bottom, in particular about an axis parallel to the rotor blade axis, tilted and by means of a locking device be fixed.
It is preferably provided that smaller coarse parts are ejected via a lateral ejection opening or removed manually. Furthermore, minor maintenance work can be carried out via this lateral opening. This opening is preferably opened and closed by a hydraulically actuated flap, wherein the operation can also be carried out via a remote control.
Further features, advantages and effects of the invention will become apparent from the embodiment shown below 5. In the drawings, to which reference is made, show:
Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a rotary shear according to the invention for crushing waste in the working position, wherein for better visibility of 10 relevant components, a side wall is not shown.
Fig. 2 is a further schematic representation of the rotary shear with not shown side wall, wherein the bottom plate is shown swung out;
FIG. 3 is an isometric view of a rotary shear according to FIG. 1; FIG.
Fig. 4 is a further isometric view of a rotary shear. 15
Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of a rotary shear 1 for crushing waste, in particular chips. A cutting rotor 3 with staggered removable blades 4 is mounted in a housing 12 and is driven by a motor 2 via a belt, not shown. A bottom plate 5 is arranged approximately horizontally in the manner that the plane of the bottom plate 5 approximately intersects the axis of the cutting rotor 3. The surface of the bottom plate 5, at which the waste to be crushed can be abandoned, is essentially flat. On a front side of the bottom plate 5, a counter knife is mounted as a counterpart 6, which has approximately the complementary geometry to a cutting profile of the cutting rotor 3. On the bottom plate 5, a feed slider 9 is fixed, which is driven by a hydraulic cylinder on the bottom plate 5 befindliches material to the cutting rotor 3 out promotes. The bottom plate 5 is rotatably mounted on a pivot axis 8 forming a bearing and can be pivoted by the movement of a clamping element 7, which is designed as a hydraulic cylinder, that, the counterpart 6 bearing, edge 30 of the bottom plate 5 can be swung down , Part of a shared
Screen basket 10 is attached to the housing 12, another part of the screen basket 10 on the bottom plate 5. This second part is connected to the bottom plate 5, so that this part of the screen basket 10 opens when opening the bottom plate 5 with this. In the feeding area above «« «» «··················································································· Of the cutting rotor 3, a filling funnel 11 is provided, through which the material to be comminuted is fed to the cutting rotor 3.
Fig. 2 also shows a schematic representation of the rotary scissors 1, wherein here the 5 base plate 5 is pivoted about the pivot axis 8. On the housing 12 fastened, not shown, sensors can detect a swivel angle of the bottom plate 5 in order to achieve optimum control of the swiveling out.
FIG. 3 shows an isometric view of the rotary shears 1 on which the shafts with 10 pulleys of the driving motor 2 and of the cutting rotor 3 can be seen. The belt connecting the pulleys for power transmission is not shown.
4 shows an isometric view of the rotary shears 1, on which an ejection opening 15 and a flap 16 which closes the ejection opening 15 and which is driven by a hydraulic cylinder can be recognized particularly well. With the housing 12, a locking device 13 is fixedly connected, which can be connected in different positions with a bottom 14, so that the housing 12 with the cutting rotor 3 and the bottom plate 5 can be tilted. A shredding of waste is carried out in the illustrated rotary shear 1 such that the waste is introduced into the hopper 11, for example by means of a crane. The bottom plate 5 is in the working position as shown in Fig. 1, so that the waste on the bottom plate 5 come to rest in front of the feed slide 9. This feed slide 9, which is driven by the hydraulic cylinder, then presses the waste 25 onto the cutting region, where it is comminuted between the cutting edges 4 distributed over the circumference of the cutting rotor 3 and the counter-cutting edge. A coarse part which can not be comminuted by the rotary shears 1 leads, via a deceleration of the cutting rotor 3, to an increase in the cutting force, which is determined by a torque characteristic of the motor 2 and an inertial moment of the cutting rotor 3. 30 If this cutting force exceeds a predefined value, the bottom plate 5 opens in a pivot about the pivot axis 8 so far that the coarse part can be discharged. Once the coarse part between the bottom plate 5 and the cutting rotor 3 has fallen in the direction of the bottom 14, the bottom plate 5 closes automatically again due to the biasing force and the crushing process is continued. Since both the cutting rotor 3 and the feeding slide 9 are actuated via a programmable controller, it is particularly easy to obtain the data determined by the sensors, not shown to use the position of the bottom plate 5 to provide special operating modes for the feed slide 9 depending on the consistency of the waste. It can be varied 5 feed path, cycle time and speed of Zuführschieberbewegung. It is also possible, in order to improve the coarse part discharge, to let the cutting rotor 3 run in the opposite direction during the opening of the bottom plate 5 for a few seconds. If necessary, clamping coarse parts can be carried out particularly favorably. The discharged coarse particles can be separated from the shredded chips by a sieve arranged below the bottom plate 5 but above the bottom 14.
权利要求:
Claims (30)
[1]
* · • · · · ·



1. Rotary shears (1) for shredding waste, in particular shavings, with at least one motor (2), a by the motor (2) drivable cutting rotor (3) with 5 at least one cutting edge (4) and at least one openable bottom plate ( 5), wherein a cutting profile of the cutting rotor (3) with at least one adapted to the cutting profile, attached to the bottom plate (5) or formed by this counterpart (6), in particular a counter knife cooperates, characterized in that a clamping element (7) is provided is that holds the bottom plate (5) non-positively up to a predetermined force 10 in a working position.
[2]
2. rotary shears (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom plate (5) is formed by pivoting openable.
[3]
3. Rotary shears (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the bottom plate (5) is designed to pivot downwards.
[4]
4. rotor scissors (1) according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that a pivot axis (8) of the bottom plate (5) above the bottom plate (5). 20
[5]
5. Rotary shears (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the clamping element (7) is designed as a hydraulic cylinder.
[6]
6. rotor scissors (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that 25, the clamping element (7) acts approximately at one end of the bottom plate (5), the counterpart (6) to the cutting profile bearing end of the bottom plate (5 ), and the pivot axis (8) lies horizontally between the ends of the bottom plate (5).
[7]
7. rotary scissors (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that 30 the clamping element (7) to the bottom plate (5) is arranged such that an absolute change of a cutting force to an absolute change of a force component of the clamping element (7 ) leads in the direction of the clamping force, which is greater than an absolute change of a force component of the clamping element (7) normal to the direction of the clamping force. ································································································································································································································
[8]
8. rotary scissors (1) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that a sensor is provided with which a current position of the bottom plate (5) and / or derived variables are measurable.
[9]
9. rotary scissor (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that on the bottom plate (5) a feed slide (9) is movably arranged.
[10]
10. Rotary shears (1) according to claim 9, characterized in that at least one Teitbewegung of the feed slide (9) when opening the bottom plate (5) is coupled to a movement of the bottom plate (5).
[11]
11. Rotary shears (1) according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that a sensor for determining the position of the feed slide (9) is provided.
[12]
12. Rotary shears (1) according to one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that a hydraulic cylinder is provided, through which the feed slide (9) is drivable.
[13]
13. Rotary shears (1) according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the at least one counterpart (6) is arranged mechanically adjustable.
[14]
14. Rotary shears (1) according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that a divided screen basket (10) below the cutting rotor (3) and arranged at least a portion of the screen basket (10) with the bottom plate (5) can be opened.
[15]
15. Rotary shears (1) according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that a hopper (11) over the cutting rotor (3) and the bottom plate (5) is arranged.
[16]
16 rotary scissor (1) according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that a clamping flap above the bottom plate (5) and the cutting rotor (3) is arranged.
[17]
17. Rotary shears (1) according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the motor (2) is designed as a hydraulic motor. 13
[18]
18. Rotary shears (1) according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the motor (2) and the cutting rotor (3) are arranged in a common housing (12) mounted.
[19]
19. Rotary shears (1) according to one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that a locking device (13) is provided, with which the bottom plate (5) and the cutting rotor (3) relative to a bottom (14) fixed in at least one tilted position are.
[20]
20. Rotary shears (1) according to one of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that at least one lateral, closable ejection opening (15) above the bottom plate (5) is provided.
[21]
21 rotary scissors (1) according to claim 20, characterized in that the ejection opening (15) by a hydraulically actuated flap (16) is closable.
[22]
22. A method for crushing lumpy wastes such as chips, which are contaminated with heavy crushable coarse particles, with a rotary shear (1), in particular with a rotary shears (1) according to one of claims 1 to 21, wherein the waste to be comminuted into a feed area introduced and by a cutting rotor (3) with at least one cutting edge (4) in cooperation with a cutting profile adapted, attached to an openable bottom plate (5) counterpart (6), in particular a counter knife, is chopped, characterized in that a coarse part automatically is detected and ejected. 25
[23]
23. The method according to claim 22, characterized in that the comminution process is automatically resumed after ejection of the coarse fraction.
[24]
24. The method according to claim 22 or 23, characterized in that the bottom plate (5) by means of a clamping element (7) frictionally held to a predetermined force in a working position. · «* T« · I «·· · • 9 ·« 9 9 ·· 9 »·· 14
[25]
25. The method according to any one of claims 22 to 24, characterized in that the bottom plate (5) is opened as soon as a cutting force on the cutting rotor (3) and counterpart (6) exceeds a predefined value,
[26]
26. The method according to any one of claims 22 to 25, characterized in that the bottom plate (5) by a biasing force in the clamping element (7) after ejection of the coarse part is moved back into the working position.
[27]
27. The method according to any one of claims 22 to 26, characterized in that 10 a position of the bottom plate (5) is measured by means of sensors.
[28]
28. The method according to any one of claims 22 to 27, characterized in that the waste to be shredded by means of a feed slide (9) are supplied to the cutting rotor (3). 15
[29]
29. The method according to any one of claims 22 to 28, characterized in that the bottom plate (5) and the cutting rotor (3) relative to a bottom (14) tilted and fixed by means of a locking device (13).
[30]
30. The method according to any one of claims 22 to 29, characterized in that the coarse portion is ejected via a lateral ejection opening (15) or manually removed.
类似技术:
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同族专利:
公开号 | 公开日
AT511382B1|2017-03-15|
DE202012004224U1|2012-05-16|
引用文献:
公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
DE19700808A1|1997-01-13|1998-07-16|Lindemann Maschfab Gmbh|Rotary crushing shears for bulky waste of e.g. paper, wood, plastics, etc.|
DE202007013127U1|2007-09-20|2009-03-12|Knorr, Volker|shredder|AT513001A1|2012-06-14|2013-12-15|Atm Recyclingsystems Gmbh|Apparatus for crushing lumpy waste|AT400411B|1993-11-24|1995-12-27|Unterwurzacher Patentverwertun|CRUSHING DEVICE|
AT10892U1|2008-05-02|2009-12-15|Unterwurzacher Patentverwertun|CRUSHING DEVICE|SI3446786T1|2017-08-23|2020-03-31|Untha Shredding Technology Gmbh|Shredding device for shredding material|
法律状态:
优先权:
申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
ATA623/2011A|AT511382B1|2011-05-04|2011-05-04|ROTOR CUTTER|ATA623/2011A| AT511382B1|2011-05-04|2011-05-04|ROTOR CUTTER|
DE201220004224| DE202012004224U1|2011-05-04|2012-04-27|rotary shear|
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